Bacillus - he huakita tokotoko-āhua

Bacteria - kaiao iti, mōkitokito, e kore e kitea ki te kanohi tahanga nei. e kore e ratou whāiti e te anga o te karihi. Taua microorganisms ki te pūtaiao hou e neke atu i te 3,000 momo, i roto i nei noho te wāhanga nui o te bacilli. Bacillus - he huakita tokotoko-āhua. Na ko tika tohu o te ahua tona ingoa (Latin: bacillum - rakau). Kua karangatia e enei huakita he pūtaiao Tiamana V. Kohn i te āhua, Ahakoa he rakau.

puninga o huakita

He aha te tikanga o ngā i bacteriology hamarara wā "Bacillus"? Ko te tino he puninga whānui o tenei huakita karamu-pai āhua āhuatanga. Na te tuatahi o te katoa, i roto i te tua ki te ahua, faaite ratou i te kaha ki te hanga i pua intracellular te taviniraa mō te tupuranga me te tiaki o nga momo i roto i ngā āhuatanga kino. Ehara i te katoa, engari etahi o nga iroriki meinga mate me te paitini mate i roto i te tangata, me te, reira, he pathogenic (atu e pā ana ki te whakaahua ratou i raro). A he tokomaha o enei huakita - saprophytes, te nuinga e noho ana i roto i te oneone.

whakarōpū tikanga

Me kï reira e "huakita Bacillus" - whakarōpū kaua tikanga. I teie mahana te whakamahia te reira i roto i te koiora e onge. Tenei tairururaa Ko te meka e taea te āhuatanga te puka o bacilli angamaheni o huakita maha (anake hoki cocci he a tawhio), me he momo nui o microorganisms e ratou ahua rite te rakau. Ko e taea tonu ki te tautuhi i te tahi mau āhuatanga matua generalizing ira.

Āhuatanga matua

1. Te nuinga o te bacilli - saprophytes. tahuri ratou nga organics ki te pūhui pararopi rite ki te hua o tona mahi.
2. Kātakí ki te hāora. e kore hoki ratou i te mea he paihana, me te whakamahi i nga iwi maha i te reira no te respiration (takohe).
3. Bacillus mahi ratou mahi faufaa tika ki tauhohe matū.
4. whakamana huakita me te pūkoro ēnei kaupapa e te tikanga o te flagella.
5. Virulence: meinga maha iroriki mate i roto i te tangata.

hononga

E rave rahi o te bacilli tokotoko-āhua e whakarōpūtia ki te maha pūtau.

• Diplobatsilla - rua rōpū, ngā rua ngā pūtau kitakita.
• Streptobatsilla - mekameka, i reira e ngā rave rahi pūtau ki te rōpū. Ko te kupu, hei tauira, ko te tino roa te Bacillus Anthrax, i roto i te puka o te awhiowhio te ngangana rōpū mekameka.

tautohetohe

Bacillus - he huakita nehenehe o te hanga pua. pea tenei hanganga spore tetahi o nga tohu tino kitea hoki whakarōpū. Ano, ko te huringa āhua o te tūranga o pua bacilli i roto i te pūtau kitakita. I roto i te Bacillus timu, hei tauira, tautohe paheke ki te mutunga o te pūtau, hoatu ana e ia he ahua o rakau drum (clostridia). Na bacilli butyric - i roto i te waenganui o te pūtau, na hoatu ratou he āhua muka (plektridii).

E mohio pua kitakita e pūtaiao nga hinonga tino tu'uloa o puka ora katoa i runga i te ao whenua. Characteristically, te toenga i kahore feaa pākia. He ātete ki te korohū, whakamaroke, radiation, kore o te hāora, waikawa ratou. I okiokinga, he tino roa nga tautohetohe. E kitea ana ratou i roto i noho katoa i runga i te whenua. Ki te puta tikanga pai, te tautohe ka tere tauhohe ki to ratou taiao, me te whakarau, whakakā anō tupu kaha.

Tauira o te bacilli pathogenic

• anthracis Bacillus - te kaihoko fakatupu o mua. Pathogenicity pēnei ki te rōpū tuarua.
• cereus Bacillus - te kaihoko fakatupu o kai mate paitini i roto i te tinana o te tangata.
• Bordetella pertussis - kitea i roto i te pūkahukahu, ai reira mare.
• Bacillus o Koch - te take o te mate kohi mate me te mate.
• Timu Bacillus - fakatupu māngai o timu.

Ko e kino kore iroriki katoa. Kua ako pūtaiao Modern ki te whakamahi i to ratou mau huru pai. Kei te whakamahia ētahi iroriki i roto i te hanga kia rite ki ngä o protease me amylase. He tāoke whakaputaina e ratou, kei te whakamahia rite insecticides mō te tiaki hua.