Hanganga me te mahi o te rapae o

Te repe, hanganga me ngā mahi o nei e kia kōrero i muri, ko te okana o te pūnaha endocrine. Te reira i te wahi 3 ngā. Kia whakaaro tatou he aha e nga mahi o te repe o te roro. I te mutunga o te tuhinga, he rauemi atu. I roto i te ngā, he tepu. rapae o taumahi whakaahuatia i roto i reira poto.

tohanga

Ka rite ki powered te repe te? Taumahi, maimoatanga o disorders, whakaritea mahi okana i roto i te whānui e te kāwanatanga o te tohatoha toto. Ētahi āhuatanga o te supply okana toto i roto i te maha wā i te mana i runga i te ture o tona mahi.

Peka o te kakī (roto) iatuku me te porohita o Willis i hanga takere tinana o runga me raro. Ko te puka tuatahi he whatunga capillary tika kaha i roto i te rohe hiranga tau waenga o te hypothalamus. Hanumi ki te hanga i te raupapa o oko o küaha rua roa. heke ratou i roto i te adenohypophysis me whaia o puka i roto i te taupa plexus tōiti sinusoidal mārōrō,. Nā tēnei, i roto i tenei wahi o te tinana o te supply toto tika he ngaro. Kei te whangai toto ki roto i te reira i te hiranga ake tau waenga i roto i te pūnaha tomokanga. Ko o faufaa rahi mo te ture o ia mahi o te rapae o mārōrō, ēnei āhuatanga. Ko tenei no te mea i hanga e nga axons i roto i ngā pūtau neurosecretory o te hypothalamus i roto i te rohe hiranga waenga aksovazalnye hoapā.

Neurosecretion me peptides ture e oko kuwaha ô te adenohypophysis. Ka whiwhi tari tinana muri toto i te pera o raro. Ko te adenohypophysis tuhia teitei nāianei kaha, i te mea kei runga ake i roto i te nuinga o te tahi atu te kopa tona taumata.

oko venous i roto i te taupa mārōrō ngā venules muri. kawea te matamua i te okana i roto i roto i te pakohu cavernous anga pakeke venous, a ka - i roto i te whatunga noa. He rōrahi nui o nekehanga toto retrograde ki te hiranga ake waenga. Ko te tino tenei ka mahi tikanga urupare i waenga i te hypothalamus me repe. kawea innervation kaungāongo'i o oko toto i roto i te muka postganglionic whakawhānui haere te whatunga iaia.

Repe: hanganga me te mahi (poto)

Ka rite i mea i runga, i roto i tenei okana e toru wehenga. huaina te mua te rapae o mārōrō,. E ai ki ngā āhuatanga morphological, tenei wehenga ko te takenga epithelial repe. Kei roto te reira i te maha o ngā momo o ngā pūtau endocrine.

Posterior taupa i huaina te neurohypophysis. Kei te hanga e te reira i roto i embryogenesis rite te hypothalamus ventral ngawha me te āhuatanga e noa ki reira takenga neuroectodermal. I roto i te wahi posterior o huihui pituitsidy - pūtau muka-āhua me neural axons hypothalamic.

hautanga Intermediate (rite ki mua) he take epithelial. Ko tenei tari tata ngaro i roto i te tangata, engari tino mārama faaite, hei tauira, i roto i te kiore, kararehe, me ruminants iti. taupa takawaenga o te mahi mahi te tangata i te tau iti o te rōpū o ngā pūtau i roto i te wahi mua o te wehenga muri, mahi, me te embryological e pā ana ki mārōrō rapae o. Next, whakaaro te wahi whakaahuatia ana i runga i roto i te taipitopito.

hanga o hormones

Te hanganga pūtau rapae o mārōrō whakaatu waru ngā momo, e rima o nei he tūturu i roto i te mahi secretory. Ko ētahi o ēnei āhuatanga, i roto i ngā:

• Somatotrofy. Reira acidophilus āhuatanga whero ki granules pai. hua ratou taiki tupu.
• Laktotrofy. Tenei huānga acidophilus kōwhai ki granules nui. hua ratou prolactin.
• basophil Tireotrofy. Ēnei pūtau hua taiaki thyroid-whakaongaonga.
• Gonadotrofy basophil. Ēnei āhuatanga hua LH me FSH (gonadotropins: ruahuru whakaongaonga, me te luteinizing hormones).
• basophil Kortikotrofy. Ēnei āhuatanga hua corticotropin ira adrenocorticotropic. Hoki i konei, pera i roto i nga mea timatanga o te wehenga takawaenga, melanotropin i hanga, me te beta-endorphin. E ahu mai ēnei pūhui i pūhui rāpoi kawainga lipotropinovyh.

corticotropin

Ko te hua wāhinga o proopiomelanocortin glycoprotein feunga nui i hanga nei te kortikotrofami basophilic. Kei te wehea tēnei pūhui pūmua kia rua nga wahi. Ko te tuarua kotahi - lipotropin - koara me homai endorphin peptide melanotropin. He mea nui i roto i te mahi o te antipain (antinociceptive) pūnaha , me te puoro whakatupuranga hormones adenohypophyseal.

pānga whaiaroaro o te corticotropin

E wehea ratou ki extraadrenal me adrenal. Recent whakaaro nui. I raro i te mahi o te corticotropin nui haere kōtuitanga o hormones. A, no te reira he he i te taikaha o te hyperplasia me hypertrophy o te uho adrenal. whakaaturia mahi Extraadrenal e te pānga e whai ake nei:

• Whakanuia hanga o te taiki, me te taiāki.
• pānga Lipolytic i runga i te kiko adipose.
• E suka e tika ana ki te whakaongaonga o te taiāki huka secretion.
• Nui ake waipara o melanin hyperpigmentation tika ki hononga hormonal o te rāpoi ngota ki melanotropin.

A, no te tohua corticotropin te taikaha haere tahi te whanaketanga o Cushing hua pai i roto i te cortisol i te adrenal. huaina ana tēnei māuiuitanga ko rapae o o Cushing. mahi rapae o iti whakaoho kore o glucocorticoids. Kei te haere tahi te reira e huri pūkoro whakahuatia huru me te ino o te ātete ki te taiao o waho.

Gonadotropic mahi rapae o

Whanaketanga o pūhui motuhake i nga pire pūtau rerekē huringa motuhake i roto i rua tangata me nga wahine. Rapae o taumahi whakatinana i roto i tenei take e te pūnaha adenylate cyclase-puni. whakatika nei ia ratou mana matua te i wāhanga fakasekisualé. E kore te te mahi iti ki te hanganga me te secretion o hormones, engari ano hoki i runga i te mahi o nga testes me ovaries mā te here ki receptors pūtau follitropin ruahuru primordial. arata'i tenei ki te pānga morphogenetic motuhake, e faaite ake i roto i te puka o te tupu o follicles i te kura kākano me ngā pūtau granulosa tini i roto i nga wahine, ka rite ki te pai kia rite ki te whanaketanga o te testes, spermatogenesis, me te whakawhānui kē atu o ngā pūtau Sertoli i tane.

I roto i te hanga o hormones sex i roto i te follitropin kitea he pānga p∂p∂ tauturu anake. Nā ki te hanganga o te secretory te faaineine ia mo te mahi lutropin. Ano, whakaongaongatia whākōkī biosynthesis pūtaiaki. Lutropin pāngia e kano me te whanaketanga o te luteum He kuhu ovarian, a i roto i te testes whakaongaonga pānga i runga i ngā pūtau Leydinga. Kei te whakaaro ia he kī mātauranga whakahohenga pūtaiaki me androgen, te taiaki me te estrogen. whanaketanga paetahi o nga gonads me te hanga o steroids whakaratohia e te mahi synergistic o lutropin me follitropin. I roto i tenei whakaaro, e maha ngā ratou i raro i te whānui ti'araa "gonadotropins".

Thyrotropin: mōhiohio whānui

kawea secretion o tenei taiaki glycoprotein te i roto i tonu ki te rerekē ka makona ratou koi puta noa i te ra. Ko tōna kukū mōrahi kitea i roto i nga haora e mua moe. whakamana ana te ture e te mahi pāhekoheko o te rapae o me te thyroid repe. whakarei ake Thyrotropin secretion tetraiodothyronine me triiodothyronine. urupare Kati rite ki te taumata o te hypothalamus me rapae o mahi tika. I roto i te take whakamutunga e korero tatou e pā ana ki te pehanga o TSH. Hoki pōturi reira iho te secretion o glucocorticoids. Ko te nui haere te hanga o TSH mata puta i raro i te mana o te faateiteihia e te pāmahana i runga i te tinana. Āhuatanga pērā i rehunga, te mamae whara ranei, tautāwhi i secretion.

Ko te mana o te thyrotropin

Ko te ahei o te here ki te receptor motuhake i roto i te thyroid ngā pūtau follicular ka häpaingia tauhohe pūkoro tēnei taiki. whai wāhi Thyrotropin ki te huri i nga mea katoa o te pākia e, tere te whakatinanatanga konutawa hopu o steroids me kōtuitui o te thyroid thyroglobulin. Ko te hua i roto i te thyroid taiaki secretion puta i roto i te faaitoitoraa o te tauhohenga wai o thyroglobulin.

piki taimaha tinana Thyrotropin tika ki nui haere RNA me te kōtuitanga pūmua. Te taiaki puai mahi vnetireoidnoe. faaite te reira i nui ake hanga o glycosaminoglycans i te kiri, kiko subcutaneous me te zaorbitalnoy. puta te nuinga o tenei e tika ana ki te kore o hormones, hei tauira, ki iodine hē. secretion nui o TSH tenga, nui haere faaiteraa thyroid hyperfunction thyroid pūtaiaki ihirangi (hyperthyroidism), exophthalmos (pucheglazija). huaina tenei huihui katoa te mate Graves '.

somatotropin

hua ana tēnei taiaki te tonu ki te 20-30 pakū meneti i roto i ngā pūtau adenogipofizarnyh. secretion whakaritea o te somatostatin me somatoliberin kawea (neuropeptides hypothalamic). production nui ake o te taiki kitea i roto i te moe, rawa i roto i ona tīmatanga.

pānga whaiaroaro

E pā ana ratou ki te pānga o te taiaki tupu i runga i ngā tukanga pūkoro tinana. Te nuinga o nga pānga whaiaroaro takawaenga e motuhake humoral āhuatanga, wheua, me te ate. Ko ratou i huaina somatomedins. I roto i te take o te ofatiraa o te repe i roto i te puka o nui haere, ka roa secretion o te mahi taiaki o āhuatanga humoral runga wheua ngohe tonu. Heoi, te kitea huringa i roto i te lipid me warowaihā pākia. Ka rite ki te hua, whakaihiihi taiki Hyperglycemia tika ki te pirau i roto i ate me te uaua glycogen, me inhibition o tikanga kūhuka i roto i te kopa. Nā ki tenei taiaki whakanuia ana taiāki secretion. I te wa ano, whakaongaonga taiki te insulinase whakahohenga.

Mea mahi deleteriously whākōkī i runga i taiāki, whakapataritari ātete ki reira i roto i te kopa. Tenei huinga o ngā tukanga ka taea e tīmata i te tīmatanga o te mate huka (huka).

puta rapae o mahi, me te i roto i te pākia o lipids. He he he te whakaritenga (peneitanga) te pānga o te taiaki tupu i runga i nga pānga o glucocorticoids me catecholamines. Nā tēnei whakaongaongatia lipolysis o kiko adipose, nui haere free kukū waikawa ngako i roto i te toto, i reira he hanganga nui o tinana ketone i roto i te ate, me te ara tona kookuhutanga.

taea taiāki resistance te pā ana ki disorders fakamatala'i zhirovgo utu. I roto i te take o te ofatiraa o te repe, faaite nei i roto i secretion nui o taiki, ki te faaite i te reira iho i roto i te kōhungahunga, whakawhanakehia gigantism ki hanganga hautanga o te kātua me wahi. I roto i te paari, me te taiohitanga i te wa taua i reira ko te tipu haere tuhaa o te tupu epiphyseal o wheua kōhiwi, ngā wāhanga o te ossification oti. huaina ana tēnei tukanga ko acromegaly. A, no te tupu taiaki hē dwarfism congenital āhua o te take, e mohiotia ana ko rapae o dwarfism. e karangatia taua iwi, me te Lilliputians.

prolactin

Tenei Ko tetahi o nga hormones tino nui e hua i te repe. ka mea Functions i roto i te tinana mahi rerekē pūtaiaki. Te nuinga pānga ki te repe mammary. I tua atu, tautoko reira taiaki mahi secretory o te tahua luteum me te taiaki production. whai wāhi Prolactin te i roto i te ture o te pākia e te wai-tote, te whakaiti i te excretion o te wai me te electrolytes, whakaihiihi ana te tupu me te whanaketanga o nga whekau, whakatairanga reira te hanganga o te parapara whaea. whakarei ake taiaki amplification atu kōtuitanga pūmua o te ngako i tohatoha warowaihā e ai taonga postnatal taimaha.

Rear me ngā wāhanga takawaenga: he whakamārama poto

Neurohypophysis mahi te nuinga o te pūtea mahi. I roto i tenei tari huna ana hoki neurohormones paraventricular me karihi supraoptic i roto i te hypothalamus - oxytocin me vasopressin.

Ko te wehenga takawaenga, i reira te hanga e melanotropin. synthesized tēnei taiaki te faarahi melanin te nui o ngarahu noa i roto i te kiriwaho, haapuai te tae kiri, me te huruhuru. Melanotropin mahi te mahi o ngā tukanga neurochemical peptide roro i roto i te mahara.

I roto i te mutunga

Ripanga "Taumahi rapae o" māngai i raro taea whakarāpopoto rite mahi kōrero okana mā te whakatau i te mahi o nga pūhui whakaputaina e ratou.