Kai tarutaru: ru, clover, alfalfa, clover reka o koati. āhuatanga whai hua, māra

pātītī pewa te ā-koiora ranei - kai tino e kua tupu hoki whāngai kararehe. Āhuatanga e te tukua pai, uara kai tōtika, me te whai i te tūranga tino nui, me te pūkenga i roto i te whakapakari i te turanga kai. Tupu ratou i runga i pewa te matomato, matie, haylage, he tarutaru, tarutaru kai me rite ahurea karaihe.

Tarutaru forage - he tino kai nā te mea kei reira te pūmua, te warowaihā, te muka, a ngā huaora me ngā ōpapa e he faufaa mō te whanaketanga noa, me te tupu o te kararehe. Tei Ko tōna uara ōhanga i runga i te kai tōtika, hua, palatability o kararehe, me te te lahi i roto i ngā rohe rerekē.

Ngā momo o pātītī forage

I roto i to tatou whenua ngakia te neke atu i te 80 ngā momo o tenei tikanga, a ki reira e pā ana ki te 5,000 nga whenua māori.

E wehea tarutaru kai katoa ki 4 ngā rōpū:

• pīni;
• pata;
• wiwi;
• forbs.

Hoki te roanga o te ora o te tarutaru kai e taea e-ä-tau, me te Perennials.

Ko te whānau o ngā rekiumu

kitea Bean pewa te tarutaru ki nga whenua pewa te o to tatou whenua i roto i te moni iti, engari he āhuatanga whāngai tika tiketike: he taonga i roto i te pūmua te ahurea, me te e kai pai i te kararehe. Ko te tino whānui clover (whero, ma, māwhero), Lotus corniculatus, alfalfa, kōwhai, wiwi, etc. paetukutuku.

Ko te whānau o ngā pātītī

Ko tenei rōpū whānui i roto i tata katoa ngā wāhi (anake koraha) me whakarato te nuinga o te puku o te wahi kai he pewa tarutaru ranei (maha ake ki 80-90%). Te nuinga o pata i te tura kei tiketike, ina koa i roto i te taitamariki ratou huru. I roto i senouborki i roto i maroke e pai tiaki rau enei otaota, e ko te wahi tino faufaa. Ko te pata tino whānui pērā i huruhuru, quackgrass, Ostrets et al.

tarutaru kai wiwi

Ki tenei rōpū o otaota ngā tipu o nga hapu Cyperaceae me Juncaceae. E whakaaro ēnei ahurea ki te kia o iti uara i roto i te mahere kai, a kaua kino kainga e te kararehe, engari i roto i nga rohe o te raki o te rohe ngahere maha hanga ake te nuinga o te tarutaru (wiwi wai, Carex pūhihi, me ētahi atu). A i roto i te koraha, me te āhua-koraha, he tino tipu pewa te maha wiwi.

tarutaru paipōro

Tenei rōpū ngā katoa atu whānau tipu huaota. Pātītī - tarutaru pewa te wiwi, e taea te tahi mau taime e ki runga ki te 60-70% o te tu. He hiranga nui ōhanga o te wahi matua o ratou. Plants o tenei rōpū atu kai atu pata, engari te nuinga o ratou e nui iti kainga e nga kararehe no o te kawa reka, thorniness, pubescence me etahi atu. Pātītī ihirangi iti (soté, aihere, kumine, me ētahi atu) I roto i te tu (20%) - minaminatia ki te whakamahi i te mea whakapiki i te hanganga kohuke palatability me whangai ana kararehe.

He maha nui o otaota e rōpū i roto i te whakamahi tarutaru tarutaru ko tino houhou, no te mea:

• whakakingitia reira nga rekiumu atu faufaa me pata;
• i roto i te pātītī kitea tetahi rota o ngā tarutaru (mara bindweed, he tumatakuru ana kōwhai me ētahi atu.) me te paitini (Buttercup paitini, hellebore, tohu aconite paitini me ētahi atu.) tipu.

Whangaia pātītī ā-tau

Ko te taa o te pewa te ā-tau pātītī e oti ratou huringa whanaketanga kei roto i te tau, a ka mate ratou. Whakatokia mō kawakawa i runga i kai, matie, me te ki te whakarato i tētahi kai takiwa. pātītī ā-hoatu e loto tiketike o te papatipu matomato, i te uara nui kai, i te wa poto e tipu.

Nā ki te meka e puta te taiohitanga otaota tapahi i āhua 50-60 ra, he mahuinga hoki kai takawaenga enei ahurea, i roto i te tokorua pukumahi.

E wehea pātītī ā-ki e rua momo:

• pīni;
• bluegrass (pata).

Annual legume hua pewa te e whakatokia i roto i te tīmatanga o te puna. Ko te tipu tino faufaa - te puna me te vetch hotoke, te ana'iraa, kai rūpene, ornithopus.

pātītī totokore e atu ä wera-aroha, e whakatokia ratou i roto i te oneone pai-wera mo te purapura o kai puna wawe. Ko te tino tino e: Sudan tarutaru, aitua, Sorghum, ryegrass ā-tau, rai Siberian, peara rai me ētahi atu.

pātītī pewa te koiora

Te koiora tarutaru forage - rui tipu herbaceous, te tümanako ora o e neke atu i te kotahi tau. E tupu hoki whāngai kararehe.

Te ahurea ngā neke atu i te 50 ngā momo o ngā tipu. E whakatokia ratou tino nuitia i roto i te puka o te tarutaru ngā ranunga, e kua he pānga pai ki runga i te kounga forage me te hua oneone. Whakatokia hua rite parakore, me te hanga wahi kai mahinga he hua hurihanga.

I te tuatahi o nga tau o te ora, kei te whanake tino pōturi, ki ng a ki taru pātītī te koiora, me te ahei te hua e loto iti. Na reira, kei te tūtohutia ratou i muri i rui pata hua rarangi ranei i roto i te whakawairakau composted oneone ranei.

E wehea pātītī te koiora, me te kai ki:

• Poa (tarutaru). Ko te tino noa: Timoti, Brome, ryegrass te koiora, witi tarutaru, ryegrass roroa, Kentucky bluegrass, ryegrass mnogoukosny, wheatgrass pūhihi, kari tarutaru, bentgrass ma, me fescue whero, foxtail me etahi atu.
• Rēkiumu: alfalfa, white clover, clover whero, clover māwhero, sainfoin, Lotus corniculatus.

Hei waihanga i tētahi tarutaru hiahia tino hua ki te hanganga ture herea ki te mahi ahuwhenua matua o te ahurea māra.

ru o te koati

pā ana Kozljatnika ki te otaota te koiora o te hapu o rēkiumu. Kakau whakatū rārātini, te tikanga tae te reira i te teitei o te 1 m, me te hua oneone e taea ki te tupu ake ki te 1.5 m. Ko te pūnaha pakiaka he momo tokotoko, tīnaku me 80 cm i roto i te hohonu. I runga i te pakiaka matua o te maha o te uri hua. Tuatahi, whakawhanake whakapae ratou ki te 30 cm, me te ka whakarau me te hanga i ngā tātā hou.

Rau tīmata imparipinnate tipu, ki runga ki te 30 cm.

ru o Goat - pewa te tarutaru ki puru koma puawai puru e titiro rite pere, e kua kohia i roto i te inflorescence-paraihe ranei. I ia kakau reira e taea te hanga e o 3-5 nga wahi. puta fruiting i roto i Mahuru, me Oketopa. Pīni rahi iti (2-4 cm te roa), karaka pouri, tata parauri, 3-7 i roto i purapura hua. ru o Goat he tupu pai puhoi, a ki te kahore he reira tae noa tupu te ngahuru ki te 20 cm i te tiketike, ko reira tino maha whakawhiti te workpiece te ki te tau i muri mai.

E taea e ki te mau tonu i te kounga o te germination ki runga ki te 8 tau Seeds.

ru o Goat he tipu huka-ātete rawa e taea te aro ki te pai ara toetoe rawa pakeke.

2 mohiotia momo o tenei tipu rāwhiti ru o koati (otaota kai), me te rongoa.

ryegrass ā-tau

te tipu pewa te Tino nui, hoatu kai matomato pai me te tarutaru. Kei roto i te papatipu matomato 3.2% pūmua, 2.3% pūmua, 8% muka kai. Tona vēkeveke kai e kararehe, i roto i te tua, ko reira he kai pai mō manu kāinga. Annual ryegrass tarutaru kai tötika tarutaru e kore iho o aitua, Sudan tarutaru me te tahi atu hua totokore. kai pai me te kakau witi Animals. loto Annual o tarutaru - e pā ana ki 7-8 t / ha o te papatipu matomato - ki te 20-30 t / ha, te uri - 0.5-0.6 t / ha.

ryegrass Annual He otavnost tiketike, i roto i te wa e tipu homai 2-3 tapahanga. I muri te rua o nga tapahi tupu taea te whakamahi muri rite wahi kai forage tae noa hinga te mutunga, mai Māna reira hukapapa hinga iti.

melilot

Tenei legume ā-tau tau takirua ranei unpretentious, ki te kaha tupu i runga i te tino rawakore, one, kohatu, me te uku oneone, me te i roto i te hunga wāhi te wahi i reira he kahore purupurua. e kore he wehi o te saline me kawakore oneone clover tipu, engari e kore e aro ki repo waikawa me te whenua taimaha taratahi, me te tatanga pātata o te tepu wai. Ko te pūnaha pakiaka kaha, me te pai whakawhanakehia, kia taea tenei otaota te hoatu i te hua pai i roto i ngā wāhi maroke te wahi tahu tahi atu hua pewa te. A, no te taea tae te nui o te ua te kotinga o papatipu matomato ake ki te 8.7 taranata / ha.

Kei te pai te whakamahia clover tipu i roto i te kai e kore e anake engari ano mo te whakawairakau matomato.

Seeds whakarau i te pāmahana o i te 2 ki te 50 ° C, ka taea e wana te tu mīti -6 ...- 5 ° C, me matao-ātete te koiora e kore te tahi mau momo huka wehi ki te 40 ° C.

clover Sweet Ko te tiketike-te pūmua kai tipu nui, e kore te mea nei i kai tötika iti iho clover, alfalfa me sainfoin. maha e taea te kitea te reira i roto i Marehekepa, rota e takoto kau, roadsides.

Ko te tauraki-ātete, matao-ātete, me te ātete ki te whakato mate me pests e tika ana mō te pupuri, matie me te tarutaru. Ka taea te tupu e rua i roto i ngā ranunga, me te ratou ake.

clover ma

Tupu pai i roto i te one, onematua ngonge waikawa kūpapa ranei soils. I te tuatahi o nga tau o te tarutaru (clover) he taea ki te puawai, me te hua purapura. I roto i te rua o nga tau o te ora mai te whanaketanga tonu. I te wahi kotahi ka taea e tupu ake ki te 9-10 tau.

Tarutaru (clover), makuku me te ra-aroha, haupapa ātete. Kei te pai tupu te reira i roto i ngā wāhi ki te āhuarangi hauhautanga hou, te wahi i reira he kahore tauraki.

Rui clover ma ko he tipu pewa te pai kei roto i te rota o te pūmua. kararehe Pritaptyvanie ka kai e kore e tautāwhi i te tipu, i runga i te anga ke, whai wāhi ai ki te whaanui pai. Whakatō i te legume e whakapiki i hua oneone. Ko tōna whakaurua i roto i te hanganga me te tarutaru ranunga Timoti, ryegrass me ētahi atu tipu whakapiki i kai tarutaru e hepara kounga - nui haere te ihirangi pūmua, ūkuikui, ngako, konupūmā, pāhare pāporo, me te whakaiti muka. Ko te tukua o te papatipu matomato i roto i te wahi kai - e pā ana ki 60-120 kg / ha, tarutaru e pā ana ki 18-35 kg / ha, he purapura 3.0-5.0 t / ha.

alfalfa

Ko te koiora rekiumu tarutaru forage tenei. Whakamahia e rua rite kai matomato, a mo te whiwhi tarutaru kounga tiketike. Kei te whakamahia hoki Alfalfa purapura mō ngā take rongoā. whakapiki i Culture hanganga oneone, me te oneone hauota-taonga, whakangaro i te taru. Āhuatanga e ātete tiketike ki te tauraki me te hardiness hotoke. I roto i te tarutaru kia mau ake ki te 10 tau ranei ake noa. I muri tapahanga āta tupu.

Tenei whakato pai ki te whangai oneone pango, ngahere-steppe one, Peat me parauri oneone hina, me te tahi atu oneone kotakota-taonga. tupu ruarua Alfalfa i runga i te oneone paru waterlogged me taimaha.

Kei tēnei whakatokia he rota o huaora me te pūmua. Kei te pai te digested reira e herbivores. Alfalfa purapura ruia e rua i roto i te puka parakore me i hawhekaihe.