Kikohangatia: tohumate, take, maimoatanga

I runga i te pūnaha romahā titau hauora tiaki i te wawe tau. Ko tonu te tinana tangata i raro i te whakaekenga o huakita ngā, wheori, iroriki. Rawa te mōrea o piki mate i roto i te rangi maeke, me te rangi maeke, ke ratou mahana, ra paki.

hau parahanga, paowa, whakahōhā te huru, ka tukua mate ki te tomo nui hohonu ki te awa romahā. pānga mate te pūnaha romahā o runga. Ratou ngoikore, ngā ki te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai mate ki te te tu atu te whawhai o tukumate arata'i ki te whanaketanga o pathologies nui i roto i nga wehenga o raro. Ko tētahi o ratou ko te kikohangatia o te pūkahukahu.

He aha te mea mate? He aha e nga tohu āhuatanga o te mate? Me pēhea te ki te mahi ki a reira me mēnā taea whiua koe tenei māuiuitanga tohe? mea Tuatahi tuatahi.

Āhuatanga o te mate

He aha te mea te kikohangatia o te pūkahukahu? Tenei māuiuitanga, i nei te parariraa o te pūkahukahu kiko - necrosis. he tukanga taua he pūāhua e pirau. e kore te purulent hononga o te papanga iti ki tetahi wahi. taea ki te rere, hipoki ngā wāhi hou te tukanga pathological he. Ka taea e te mate pā e rave rahi matamata, i ētahi wā atu i te reira ki te pūkahukahu katoa.

āhuatanga parauri kikokiko Pāngia. Roto paetata pirau fetid. Necrosis kua kahore āhua tino, a rite whakahuatia i runga ake, kua he hehema ki aano.

Kei te wehea māuiuitanga ki 2 momo:

1. kitea localization mate lobar: Distribution.
2. Rāhuitanga: kitea tauwāhi segmental te. E mea pinepine whakaahuatia tenei tukanga te rite te whēwhē, mau i te pūāhua olotou.

meinga ana te mate e microorganisms pathogenic. Whēwhē me kaikai, he tino te taua tukanga kaupae. Heoi, iti te rerekē o mua tukanga mate purulent i roto i te kopa. tākuta rei me pulmonologists kōrero ki enei pathologies te puka uaua tino me mōrearea o te whakangaromanga.

Nuinga o ngā wā, pāngia te mate i roto i nga tangata waenganui-pakeke.

Kikohangatia o nga pūkahukahu - he mate tino kino. Reira maha arata'i ki pōauautanga mate:

• whakangaromanga purulent o te kiripūkahu;
• toto pūkahukahu;
• suppuration taiepa pouaka;
• sepsis;
• rahunga okana maha.

Mō 60% o tūroro anga taua hopearaa mate.

Ko te take o te mate

He aha i reira he kikohangatia? Ko te take o te mate i huna i roto i te kotahi take kotahi - te mate lesion kiko. Pinepine microorganisms e whakapataritari mate he huakita anaerobic.

Ka taea e te mate e te māuiuitanga motuhake putanga o haurangi ranei. Ko te kupu, i reira e he maha o tikanga taua mate fakamamahi, ano he.

Ko te etiology o te mate, ko te rite whai:

1. Whakapataritari tomo ki koiora ki te pūkahukahu, me te kēne bronchi mate kapia, niho pū ihu. I raro i taua tikanga tohaina iho te airway ahei microflora pathogenic.
2. I te tahi taime i reira te kătahi ki te pūnaha romahā o te nui wahi o rere i te ihu me te tirotiro korokoro puku ranei ka Reflux, dysphagia, i roto i ruaki. Kei te maha te āhuatanga whakamutunga pōreareatanga e wharanga matenga haurangi ranei. Ngoto ki te tirotiro puku pukuriri bronchi ai tukanga necrotic i roto i te kopa.
3. kia hua te māuiuitanga i ventilation takarepa. maha puta te huru taua ka romia ngōrahi tinana ke puku ranei. I runga i tenei pae i reira he papapūata, ka tīmata ki te hanga i abscesses me kikohangatia.
4. Take o te mate e taea riro purulent mate o te pūnaha romahā. Ko nga mate e whai ake nei enei: bronchiectasis, kakā, pūkahukahu whēwhē.
5. E hoki Funds whanaketanga kikohangatia tikanga pāmamae. Whiwhi i tētahi mate i roto i te pouaka kia meinga ai e ongó patunga.
6. microorganisms pathogenic taea ki te horapa ki nga pūkahukahu i te pūnaha, me te toto oko lymphatic. Ka taea te kite i tenei i roto i te tapû-, sepsis, repe, rewharewha, me te tokomaha atu pathologies.

He wāhi nui i roto i te whanaketanga o te mate whai he vaivai o te pūnaha ārai mate. I roto i tenei take, e kore e taea ki te mahi ki microorganisms te tinana, a na reira e kore e taea te ārai i te takanga o te kikohangatia.

tu nga āhuatanga mōrearea e whai ake nei i roto i:

• paowa;
• waipiro;
• waranga tarukino;
• HIV mate;
• koroheketanga;
• whakamahi o glucocorticoids;
• mate huka.

tohutanga o te mate

Tika whanaketanga tere āhuatanga e kikohangatia. He nui tohumate. kauneke tere te mate me te huru o te manawanui tino ino roa. Kia whakaaro tatou he aha nga tohu haumanu kite kikohangatia.

Ko te tohu e tohu i te mate e whai ake nei:

1. hūhi fakamamahi i roto i te whaturei. Kei te nui whakarei ia ina mare koe.
2. Raruraru o te manawanui: nui te kirika, Chills, haurangi korerotia.
3. He he he kore o te hiahia, mate taimaha, tae noa anorexia, tachycardia, hāhā o te manawa.
4. haere tahi maremare Kakati sputum huhuka me te pirau. Tohatoha rerekē kakara fetid. whakaatu rātou i te kauruku parauri me te whakarato i te apa pahuka i. A, no te taea pūkahukahu sputum kikohangatia puta matūriki kiko mate, toto.
5. tīmata te manawanui ki kowaowaotia.
6. He he sweating auau.
7. Ko te kore o te hāora arata'i ki hypoxia, e faaite i te integument maihao he kikorangi, kiri o te ngutu.
8. whiwhi ngenge te manawanui hohoro.
9. I te tahi taime i reira he whanoke.
10. hoatu te manawanui ko te manawa hohonu mamae. ai hūhi manawa marino.

Ko te akoranga o te mate

Fakakaukau ki he founga ki te whakawhanake kikohangatia. Ko te pathogenesis o te mate, ko te tino rite ki te rere o te pūkahukahu whēwhē. Ka taea e kikohangatia hauora wehewehe te malodor āhuatanga, me te keno tiketike ki te tukanga hronifitsirovaniyu.

Mate faaite e whai ake nei:

1. I te tīmatanga, ko te manawanui he kirika. rēhita ine pāmahana mahi kaha. Heoi, he mea rawe ki ki aua tūroro kore e nei i hē ārai. He tangata ite kino. ongo'i tohua ia e ngoikore ana, whakapairuaki, lethargy. Pinepine mai ki ruaki. puta te mamae whaturei. E ngana ana ki te tango i te take manawa hūhi nui hohonu. Ki te pēhi koe i waenganui i nga rara, puta te mamae i runga i te wāhi kua pā, i roto i te tangata.
2. te tikanga puta tonu mare. I te tīmatanga ko te reira maroke. Na ka riro te reira mākū. haamata te reira ki te mare sputum, e kua he kakara tino kino. Ki te he rere taua mo etahi wa i mahue i roto i te tank, ka wehewehea reira ki 3 papa. I roto i te runga - pahuka i ki te uku, ka kitea. Kei roto i te paparanga waenganui i te mārama wai. ka maturuturu atu pirau te waipara.
3. Kei te tere ahu tohutanga. tupu te manawanui dyspnea, puta tachycardia, ngoikore korerotia. tukinotia mahara o te manawanui te. I roto i ētahi wā, whakawhanake pōroa. Ka taea te heke te pāmahana. I te tahi taime makaka reira i raro 38 C. Ko te tino nui tenei huru, no te mea te toto unu te he maha nui o tirotiro huaketo.
4. Ki te mau tonu te manawanui tenei wā, i hanga e ia tetahi atu ranei abscesses. Taua kōwhao kei roto pus, i te haafifi i ki te wahi i ki te ngōrahi. Tenei āhuatanga tohu i te wā i muri o te whanaketanga o te mate.
5. E Tūroro he kino, i roto i nei te nui o te maremare te mare. Ki te ringihia abscesses roto i te bronchi nui, tonu te tohaina te manawanui he rota o pirau, i roto i ētahi wā ki te toto. Kei te whakapai ake i te huru hohoro nui. Otiia e kore e he te nuinga o te ringiringi i te ara tika, engari i roto i te bronchi iti. Tenei tino roa te tuku o te pirau i te whēwhē, na ki te kia nui tonu huru o te manawanui. Sputum ki kikohangatia pūkahukahu roaa kakara malodorous rawaka. I te tahi taime kei reira nga wahi iti o te pūkahukahu kiko - sequesters.

tātaritanga o te mate

He wāhi nui i roto i te whakatau i te māuiuitanga whai he whakamātautau tinana. Te manawanui ërä i muri i roto i te tukanga o te respiration o te wahi i pangia o te pouaka, tangi percussion poroa. I roto i auscultation kitea haruru romahā ngoikore, wheezing maroke.

I tua atu, i te tātaritanga o te pūkahukahu kikohangatia ngā tikanga mauhaa me te taiwhanga:

1. whakamātautau toto. E whakaatu ana te reira i te hua i roto i te maha o leukocytes, erythrocytes taumata iti, te whakanui ake ESR. He hekenga i roto i te katoa pūmua toto.
2. X-hihi o te whaturei. E whakaaturia kikohangatia me necrosis o pūkahukahu kikokiko i roto i te mohimohiraa pikitia. E mea pinepine kitea ki koikoi scalloped ranei mimiti-waha taha. Mohimohiraa mea he ki te whakahörapa tere, me hoki e taea e rave rahi po pā taupa pātata, me ētahi wā te pukapuka katoa. whakaatu X-hihi te takanga o exudate i roto i te kōhao pleural.
3. tomography computed. Tenei tikanga hou o te X-ray. Ko reira tino kōrero i roto i tenei māuiuitanga. Ka taea e Tomogram kitea te tiango katoa o kōwhao e hāngai ki te rohe rewa o te pūkahukahu.
4. Bronchoscopy. tikanga tātaritanga Endoscopic whakatau purulent endobronchitis, obturation. Ko te ako whakarato ha faingamālie ki mau i nga akiaki o te tukanga pathological.
5. Ko te tātaritanga o te sputum. I muri e tonoa tirotiro bronchoscopy me sputum whiwhi ki te whakamātautau taiwhanga. whakamātau tātaritanga kitea te māuiuitanga tukumate me tukua ki a tatou whakatau i te tūtohutanga o microorganisms ki paturopi.

pōauautanga taea

te maimoatanga wā ki te tākuta anake e taea te aukati i tenei māuiuitanga, rite kikohangatia. whakatika fifi, rite ki te tikanga, ki te te haerenga ki te tākuta roa.

I roto i tenei āhuatanga, i reira kia kia nunu'a mamafa:

1. Maroke, effusion pleural.
2. He pakaruhanga i roto i te kōhao pleural arata'i ki te pneumoempyema olotou. Te manawanui he mamae taha whakapeka, hāhā o te manawa, puta displacement ngakau. ino roa te huru o te manawanui. Ko te āhuatanga o te tiango.
3. toto auau.
4. Pyosepticemia. puta te māuiuitanga ki te whakamārama o te whakangaromanga i te pūkahukahu o te oko nui.
5. amyloidosis tākihi. whakawhanake te reira i roto i te take o te ahua ma'i o te mate.

I tua atu, ka marama kikohangatia mōrearea tiketike rawa o te mate.

maimoatanga momo

whakahaere therapy te i roto i te taiao hōhipera.

Maimoatanga o te pūkahukahu kikohangatia ngā o te mehua e whai ake nei:

1. detoxification kaha. Hoki enei take, whakahaere te manawanui kei te pâmuhia wē-whakakapi rongoā e iti te taimaha rāpoi "Hemodez", "Reopoligljukin", "Neokompensan". Vahe ki wē ranunga vodnoelektrolitnye albumin. otinga whakahaere kūhuka (5%, 10%) ki te taiāki, me te inhibitors o proteolysis "Trasylol", "Contrycal".
2. therapy paturopi. Ko te huānga tino nui, i waho nei te maimoatanga o te pūkahukahu kikohangatia e taea noa tenei. I te tīmatanga tūtohu paturopi, me ona whānuitanga o ngā pānga. Ka rite ki te tikanga, ko reira te raau taero e whai ake nei: "Fortum", "Cefepime", "Meropenem", "Tienam". E mea pinepine, e whakahaere tūroro he rongoā paturopi tonu 2. I muri te tāutu i te tukumate tīpakohia te talena maimoatanga atu pau. raau taero huinga "Ampicillin" ki taero "Tseporin", "Gentamycin", "Kefzol", "tetraolean" Ko te tino whai hua.
3. Desensitization o te rauropi. whakaritea te manawanui te rongoā "Suprastin", "Diphenhydramine", "pipolfen".
4. complexes Manakohia huaora "Retinol tāpia" "Huapuhuikowhai" "cyanocobalamin" "Huaorapini" "pyridoxine" "waikawa ascorbic".
5. Ki te reira te mea he upoo- toto tiketike, te manawanui e pâmuhia tarukino "Heparin".
6. Ki te whakarite tika manawa ia wā tonu ranei whakamana inhalation hāora humidified.
7. Ki te tika, te tango i te whawhai ki paresis o te paru, faaapīraa o te rakau tracheobronchial.
8. Tautapa taero maremare. E faaterehia ēnei āpiha e pâmuhia me te whakamahia mō te inhalation. Te manawanui kia kia tūtohutia rongoā "Ambroxol", "Lasolvan", "Ambrobene", "Haliksol", "ACC werotanga."

I roto i te huru o te manawanui tino aroturuki i roto i therapy. He he he mahi o te pūnaha Cardiovascular, ate me whatukuhu. Ko te mana whakamutunga whakarongo motuhake, no te mea te whakarato ratou te putanga o te rauemi pangia me ngā rongoā.

Maimoatanga o te kikohangatia whēwhē me pukapuka tā te pana kōhao. tangohia taua mahi te, ki te paetata te whēwhē te tata te mata hipoki e te kiripūkahu.

therapy operative

Ki te kore te tukanga ki te ū te therapy momo, ka i reira ko nga tohu katoa mō te wawaotanga tuwhena. Hoki tenei hemodynamic faatanoraa, disorders pūkoro tinana, aromatawai huru o te manawanui (ranei e taea ki te kawe i te mahi).

Pokanga tā tango o kiko pūkahukahu olotou:

• lobectomy;
• bilobektomiyu;
• pneumonectomy.

tiaki te u

Ko te tino uaua mō ngā tūroro, me mo te iwi e tiaki hoki ratou e rua te mate. Tino kaipauna tapae tonu kakara e pirau.

Te whakarato tiaki tika ki te manawanui, i reira kia kia:

1. Ko te whakamahi o āpiha deodorizing. I roto i te tūranga taua taea mahi creosote.
2. Tata moenga o te manawanui me kia tiakina i roto i te spittoon. Ki te whakaiti i te haunga kino, e tūtohu ana ki te ringihia te otinga deodorizing iti. I tua atu, kia waiho reira tino ki te kati i te taupoki.
3. Tūroro e pāngia kaikai, e pängia ana ki te sweating nui. Na reira, ka rapua e te manawanui huringa auau o kakahu moenga.
4. I te tahi taime te pera tupuheke te huru o te tangata, e kore e taea e ara e hanga e ia o ratou ake kai. Na reira, te hunga e tiaki mo te taua tūroro, kia whangaia te manawanui ki te koko.
5. He mea nui ki te āta whakarite i te okiokinga tinana, me te hinengaro oti.
6. A, no te hemoptysis kia te manawanui i roto i te tūranga āhua-e noho ana.
7. rāhuitia te manawanui te ki te kōrero, te inu i te inu wera te kai ranei.

Prediction ora

He aha e tiai aua tūroro pāngia ki te pūkahukahu kikohangatia? Matekiri i matapae anake i roto i te take, ki te kahore he maimoatanga wā. I muri i te mate rawa hohoro E faarahi, hipoki wāhi hauora. Ki te kore therapy momo, a kahore te pokanga kawea atu, mate te manawanui.

Ki te maimoatanga wā ki rata kitea he pikitia tino rerekē. ta Tatauranga e i roto i 70-80% o tūroro katoa perebaryvat kikohangatia me te ora. akoranga tonu, me te tika o te maimoatanga hoki te tangata ki te ora noa.

Me pōauautanga pērā i sepsis, toto pūkahukahu, te aro motuhake rahunga okana maha. I raro i enei mate he manawanui i roto i te hiahia o te āwhina whawhati tata. Ki te hoki tetahi take e kore te reira whakaratohia, te mōrea tiketike o pānga tina heke i roto i te tinana.

Ko reira Na tika ana ki te haapapû kotahi ano te whai ake: i roto i te tikanga ki te akakoromaki i tenei māuiuitanga, kia wawe te kite i te tākuta, me te ki te whakatinana i tino nga tūtohutanga o te kaiwhakaako.