Parenga iahiko: he aha te mea te reira hoki? Me pēhea ahau e mohio ki ta hiahiatia te ārai te?

A, no te hanga iahiko hiko kaimahi maha āhuatanga. Ētahi o te whakamahia tino, kahore nei he reira tata e taea ki te mahi i - pūparenga reira. He aha e he ratou? He aha ngā momo kei reira? He aha te mea ratou tawhā tino nui? Na he aha ngā āhuatanga i reira e i roto i te raupapa, me te hononga whakarara?

He aha te mea resistance?

Na ka karanga huānga hāngū iahiko, e whakarato ana ātete ki nāianei i roto i tona rere. I roto i te kaupapa nui e whakamahia atu pinepine atu i tetahi atu huānga hiko. He mea nui ki te whakarite aratau rītaha transistor ka whakamahia i roto i te wāhanga tīwerawera. Ko te mahi tino nui o te mana mohio me te ture o te ngaohiko me ngā i roto i iahiko. Ka muri whakaaro matou he aha ratou momo he. Hei wāhanga o te tuhinga ka arotahi ki runga i te 5 matua, e e tino whakamahia nuitia, engari i reira kia kia ētahi atu. A, no te tātai tatou nga parenga, ka kia mohio ki te aromatawai pehea hiahiatia mana te.

E hiahia ana koe ki te matau te mea e hiahiatia ana i roto i te take ngā?

Me pēhea ahau e mohio ki ta hiahiatia te parenga te ka hanga kaupapa? I te tīmatanga, kia mohio ki taua mea e he nāianei te matauranga e hiahiatia, ranei te uara o te parenga kawenga. Hei wāhanga o te kōwhiringa e rua pā ka whakaaro nga āhuatanga o te tuhinga iahiko:

1) Ki te kore koe e mohio ki tetahi mea, ka tango matou i te ārai tāupe a hono reira i roto i te raupapa ki te kawenga. Tītaka te puku noa te kau, no te kore e whai tatou i te ngaohiko tika. Na, hei utu o te ātete tāupe hono tonu ki te tawhā e hiahiatia ana. Whanganga te nāianei e haere mai ana i muri i te parenga, me te whakamahatia te uara hua ki te ngaohiko tono e te. Na ka mohio tatou me pehea ka wahi ki te tono.

2) He mea tika ki te mohio tohua i mua uara o nāianei, me te kawenga. Hei whakanui i te tika tātai, me he minaminatia hoki reira ki matau i te uara o te parenga ā-o te supply mana.

Kia whakatau o te tikanga mahi paku rerekē. He he he parenga rite te kawenga, ture a Ohm, me te hiahia ki te tātai i te parenga e hiahiatia o te ara iahiko. Ko reira tino he wāhi ngā, a ka tika ia ki te kia whakarongo utua ki a ia. He aha i whiriwhiria tenei fakalea? Ko te meka Ko e te iwi e tika timata ki te whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o kaupapa, rawa maha ui tenei pātai. Ko, Aue, ko te wahi he te aho o te whakaaroaro ana, e te hunga ratou,. Tātaihia te uara e hiahiatia ana ki te ture kotahi Ohm o kore mahi i konei. He mea tika ki te whakamahi i ato'a atu tātai parenga iahiko tātaitanga: RRT = CH (NPC-HH) / nn = CH (x-1). Kia titiro tatou te tātai:

RRT - atu resistance iahiko;

NPC - supply ngaohiko;

CH - kawenga resistance;

X = NPC / nn;

LV - ngaohiko e he e tika ana ki te farii i te kawenga.

whakamahi tatou i tenei tātai. Me kī e te ātete i roto i ohms RRT 1 Ka e 0.6 Ohms. Ki te hoatu e matou te 5 Ohm, te hua whakamutunga ka waiho 3.3 ohms. He aha tenei katoa? Ko e tika ana ki te meka i te iti te taupū ko te ātete utanga, ko nga āhuatanga nui o nāianei o te ara iahiko tenei. Tenei ka moumou te supply te mana, no te mea te reira hanga hoki etahi pokanoa ki te wahi o te nāianei. A hoatu e ka whakaiti tenei te ngaohiko, huri i te reira i roto i taua hiahia tatou he parenga raupapa ki te āhuatanga iti ki te whakaputa i te ngaohiko e hiahiatia ana. Ko te mau tenei ngaohiko "i runga i nga maihao". kia waiho te reira uaua ki te mahino aha me pehea, engari tamata koe.

ārai pūmau

Na ka karangatia e whakaaro e he kau ma'u uara resistance tamau. e kore e tenei āhuatanga o te parenga huri i raro i te mana o āhuatanga o waho (pāmahana, rere o nāianei, te marama, ngaohiko tono) i roto i rohe whaitake. Ka taea te mea Ki te pera kitea i roto e pā ana ki nga āhuatanga iraruke katoa e whai ratou ngangau ā, me te tapepe tika ki te mana tuatoru-rōpū. Otiia te tikanga te reira katoa na iti i waiho nga hikohiko irirangi runaruna, a hanga ana e ia tikanga anake ka hanga koe pūnaha tino matatini, e kore te mea e ara te meka e e haere wahi tika i teie nei.

ārai tāupe

Na ka karanga ngā pūrere e taea te huri te whakamahi i te pene motuhake nei ātete uara (kia mau ai ki he rēreti, he pātene momo hurihuri ranei). He aha e hiahia ana koe i tenei momo o te iahiko? He tauira pai o te whakamahi o tenei huānga ko te mana rōrahi mō kaikōrero rorohiko waea pūkoro ranei.

rite-hanga iahiko

E pā ana te reira ki te aratau whakahaere pūrere e anake te huri wā. Hei whakatika i te uara ātete, he mea e tika ana ki te ketia te mokamoka huriwiri, e kua he parenga. He aha te mea te reira hoki? tohatoha Whānui riro ratou i runga i te PCB o te reo irirangi rite te nāianei kaiwehewehe ngaohiko ranei.

photoresistor

He whakaaro motuhake e taea te huri i tona uara ātete i raro i te mana o te marama enei. E hanga Photoresistors o ngā rauemi Semiconductor. Ki te hiahia koe ki te tauhohe ki te aroaro o te marama kitea whakamahia te selenide me cadmium sulfide. Hei te rēhita iraruke pōkākā te whakamahi i germanium.

thermistor

Tenei taputapu motuhake, i nei ki te ine i te pāmahana o te taiao o waho. Kei te whakamahia hoki te thermistor i roto i te iahiko stabilization waiariki mo te wāhanga transistor. Ka rite ki taea e koe kua imi, kia huri i te ātete i raro i te mana o te pāmahana. I roto i ngä kohanga i hoki heihei, greenhouses, whakaaro ahumahi - hea e taea e kitea e koe i tenei iahiko. He aha te mea te reira hoki? E i te tetahi rohe pāmahana ngā whakawera \ tautauā.

mana toreretanga

Tenei pūngao whenumi Ko te parenga iahiko i hanga e te nāianei, me te ngaohiko. Nā ki te meka e puta reira toreretanga, e kore te tiaki, a ka huaina te pūrere te hāngū. Nā ki tenei e taea e tatou e te kōrero e pā ana ki te parenga iahiko hei huānga kaha, e rite taea te mahi i roto i AC ara iahiko me ngā DC.

Ti'araa tohanga mana

Me pēhea e mohio koutou e taea te hanga he ārai whakaritea? Ki te mahi i tenei, me titiro e koe ki tona tapanga:

1. A, no te reira e rua ngā rārangi matahao, te mana toreretanga he 0,125 Watts.
2. He he kotahi te tuwatawata matahao - he rite ki te 0,25 Watts mana toreretanga.
3. Kotahi raina whakapae - te mana toreretanga o 0.5 Watts.
4. Kotahi raina poutū - te mana toreretanga 1W.
5. E rua ngā rārangi poutū - te mana toreretanga 2 Watts.
6. E rua ngā rārangi matahao e hanga te pukapuka V Latin, - te mana toreretanga ko 5 Watts.

Tīmata i te Watt kotahi, mo te ti'araa whakamahia tau Rōmana.

hononga raupapa

A, no te hanga reira tikanga ki te whakamahi i tenei huarahi? Ki te hiahia koe ki te tiki i te ātete nui, engari i reira he he parenga ki te uara iti iti, ka whakamahi i te hononga rangatū. Hei arotake pehea me nga mea i meatia i roto i te kaupapa, he mea e tika ana ki te huihuia ake ratou āhuatanga.

hononga whakarara

Hea e tika ana, tenei huarahi? Here, he rite ki te moni, i te mea inversely hautanga ki reira te katoa parenga o te parenga. Kei te tuku ano hoki tenei uara ki rite "kawe ia". kia waiho koe hei uaua iti ki te matau he aha arata'i te reira i te kaituhi, na whakaherea tatou he titiro i te tātai e whai ake nei (C - Ātete):

1 / P _katoa = 1 / P ₁ + 1 / C ₂ + ... + 1 / C _x.

tono

Na mohio matou e te parenga taua, hoki te mea te mea te reira. Photos whakairi i roto i tenei tuhinga ki te mārama me pēhea te titiro i te reira. Ko te hiahia tatou ki te whakarongo me te whakamahi i ona. Ko te kupu, parenga iahiko. He aha te mea i roto i te motokā? Ka rite ki matau koutou, whakamahi te motokā te nui nui o te hikohiko. Tenei ko te ki te whakahaere i tona mahi, me tona whakamahinga. He aha e hiahia ana koe i te umu parenga i roto i te motokā? kite matou i te whai wāhi ki te huri i te mana tautuhinga me te pāmahana? Ko Ko te aha i reira ko te whakamahana resistance! I muri i te katoa, kahore reira i taea te whakauru i ngā tautuhinga anake tāuta-mua me te mea katoa. Na, whakaaro e pā ana ki te aha e hiahia ana koe he parenga mo LED? Ki reira ka taea e koe te whakatika i te wherikotanga o tona mura. Ka rite ki a koutou kia imi, ki te āta pānui koe i te tuhinga, kua hiahiatia te whakahoki ki te pātai o te mea ahua o parenga mō te LED - tāupe!

mutunga

Ka rite ki a koutou e taea te kite, he parenga - ko reira he mea tika, me te whai hua, e kua he whānui o ngā tono ngā. I roto i te ariā, ka taea e mahi koe i waho te iahiko i roto i te taiawhio ohie mo o kōrero he tokorua, ahakoa te meka e pūngao ka kia rawa tika whiriwhiri. Ko he pea tenei, a ki te whakatutuki i nga uara e hiahiatia ana o enei tawhā ka whai i te wa roa ki te tiki ia ratou ake. Ko ki te faaohie i te tukanga me te parenga e whakamahia, no te mea ratou tukua hoki rerekētanga mahi nui, te whakatuwheratanga i te taea o ara maha o ratou huringa.