Pūmanawa: tauira. Whanaketanga o te pūmanawa

He aha te mea pūmanawa? Tauira o tona whakamahi mahi matou te whakatau i nga ra, e noho ana i te rorohiko. Ahakoa he kaupapa ohie o te kiore puta noa te mata - ko te hua o te pūmanawa tenei. He aha e nga momo o te pūmanawa? Kia pehea te ko te whanaketanga o te pūmanawa?

Pūmanawa: Theory

kawea te mahi rorohiko i roto i te utu o te katoa whakamahi o te taputapu me ngā pūmanawa. I raro i te tuatahi ko te huinga o maramara, papa haaati me ētahi atu wāhanga, me ngā pūrere hiko e hanga ake te PC. I raro i te tuarua - te hōtaka rorohiko e kua hangaia ki te tukatuka mōhiohio me te mahi i ngā mahi whai hua te whakamahi i te PC. Kei te maha i huaina piua Tuatahi te "pūmārō", te tuarua - ". ngohengohe"

Tarapeke ake i runga i tō rorohiko i roto i te tāutanga - whakatakoto i te kōnae e tika ana i runga i te kōpae. I roto i ētahi wā he mea e tika ana ki te whakahou i te pūmanawa. te, i roto i te meka, anō-tāuta te reira i putanga pai me te ake hou o te pūmanawa. Hei tāuta i te pūmanawa, e hiahia ana koe ki te whai i te "tohatoha" pera-ka karanga. Ko te pūtāuta hōtaka motuhake.

E rua ngā momo matua o te pūmanawa - pūnaha me te tono. Ko te momo tuatahi taea te PC ki te mahi ki roto i ngā o ona mahi taketake: tīmatanga, download, me te whakatinanatanga o te taumata-iti ngā mahi tātai. whakaaro nga momo matua o te pūmanawa pūnaha e ki kia te pūnaha whakahaere (OS), me whakahaere i hoki nga wāhanga taputapu rorohiko, me o ratou tautuhinga.

pūmanawa Taupānga - he hōtaka i roto i nei te tata hanga he PC nui kaupae. Hei tauira, patopato, whakaripanga, tuhi, wāhi ipurangi, me te pera i runga i. D.

Ki te faaohie koe te reo, e taea te whakarāpopoto i te reira e whai ake: pūmanawa pūnaha - mō te tono PC - te kaiwhakamahi. Ko tētahi atu huarahi ki te whakamārama i te rerekētanga ngā ohie: te mahi o ngā hōtaka pūnaha, te tikanga e kore e kitea. mahi ratou o ratou mahi, kahore "whiriwhiri" ki te kaiwhakamahi i roto i te aratau puku. I roto i tahuri, i te anake ki te whai wāhitanga tika o te kaiwhakamahi rere te pūmanawa tono. Tauira o e rua o ratou, ka whakaaro matou i tenei ra.

E, o te akoranga, me "rorohiko-kore" momo o te pūmanawa. Ka taea te whakahaeretia ratou e te ahua rerekē o te pūrere - hei tauira, papa, smartphones, pouaka whakaata. He pūmanawa pūnaha mana āhuarangi, whakaurunga ahumahi, a na i runga i. D.

He aha te mea te pūnaha whakahaere?

OS - ngā Basic o te mana whakahaere o te momo PC o te pūmanawa pūnaha. Aha no reira ki tenei kāwai o pūmanawa? Ko te take i te pāpāho, hanga pūnaha whakahaere rere katoa atu te pūmanawa rorohiko (e rua nahanaha, me te tono). OS Ko te turanga hoki te mahi o te PC. Ki te kahore he pūnaha whakahaere, e kore e kore atu hōtaka e mahi. Kua huna nga tukanga matua o te OS i te kaiwhakamahi.

Ko te pūnaha tino noa whakahaere i roto i te ao mo te PC - Windows (te rongonui tino, i reira e pera maha putanga o reira - 7, 8, XP me etahi), Linux, MacOS.

Pūmanawa Pūnaha: Driver

Tuarua, pea te momo tino nui o te pūmanawa pūnaha - atekōkiri. E hangaia ratou ki te whakarite i te mahi tika o te wae pūmārō. Ki te kore koe e tāuta i te kōpae atekōkiri, na e kore e mahi i te reira. Waihoki - whakairoiro kāri, kiore, pouwhanga, a tae noa te pūtukatuka. haumarutanga whatunga pūmanawa Angamaheni - te taraiwa o te pouara pouwhanga ranei. te nuinga o mai tenei momo o te pūmanawa kaiwhakanao taputapu (me i roto i te maha ngā take, he wahi o te pūnaha whakahaere).

Ko te uho o te pūmanawa pūnaha tenei. Next i roto i te rārangi i tatou - pūmanawa tono, tauira o te rongoā tino rongonui, me te āhuatanga matua e kua tapaea ki ngā kaiwhakamahi.

pūmanawa Taupānga: wheori, taputapu

momo Common o te pūmanawa tono - he wheori me te taputapu tenei. Kua tikanga ana te mua ki te tiaki i te PC i ngā hōtaka kino e taea mono atu pūmanawa pūmārō ranei wāhanga o te rorohiko. Ētahi o te pūmanawa o Russia tino rongonui wheori - NOD32, DrWeb, Kaspersky. E hangaia taputapu ki te whakarite mahi pūmau o te rorohiko, kia mau ara o te nui o te mahi tika pūtukatuka, kōpae, mahara, me ētahi atu wāhanga taputapu o te rorohiko.

Popular tono. Microsoft Word

Ko tēhea o nga tauira pūmanawa tono motuhake e te nuinga i roto i te tono i tenei ra? Tuatahi o te katoa, pā tenei ki ngā hōtaka mō te tukatuka kupu. Tenei ahua o te mahi i runga i te rorohiko - mua i te tuatahi. Ko tētahi o ngā hōtaka o te ao tino rongonui mō te kupu tukatuka me te mahi o ngā mahi e pā ana (tuhi tepu, kauwhata, aha ...) - Kupu. Kua whakawhanakehia te reira i tetahi o corporations nui rawa o te ao - American Microsoft. Ko te tuhi Russian whakaaetia, e tangi rite "hōtaka Kupu."

Na tawhiti tukua e rave rahi putanga o te pūmanawa. He rerekē nga mahi o ia o ratou, ko te taketake (me tino ui i roto i te mahi) mahi whakamana e MS Word i tetahi ara i tetahi atu whakarerekētanga ranei - hōputu kuputuhi, whakaora reira ki te kōnae, me te pūmanawa (ki te tika) tona putanga tika ki te pūreretā.

Microsoft Word: whai wāhitanga

taea ki te mahi i te maha nui o ngā mahi "hōtaka Kupu" ko. ara:

- hōputu pūāhua me ngā kōwae (kōwhiringa o te rahi momotuhi hiahiatia me huanga taketake - underlining tuhi maia, tītaha, mokowā raina, etc ...)

- mahi o whārangi waho o te puka (taumahi tae me te tauira i roto i te papamuri, tāpiri whakairoiro, pikitia, aha ...)

- te tāpiri tahi huānga kuputuhi (tepu, hoahoa, ngā ata, a pera atu.).

Ako e founga ki te whakamahi i te kupu tino māmā. E rave rahi o te hōtaka whakahaere pūmanawa. Hoki utu te tuhituhi ko kua whakaratohia e Microsoft, i tukua Kupu, tona whakatau ki te pūnaha tokoni taipitopito, tirohia ki te kaiwhakamahi e taea, mā te pēhi i te F1 papapātuhi.

tono Popular: Microsoft Excel

He tauira o tetahi pūmanawa tono rongonui - Microsoft Excel (i roto i te Russian - "hōtaka Excel"). Tona whāiti - tātaitanga te whakamahi i te ripanga. Ko nui māmā ki te mahi ki tau tenei ahua o te whakatau.

Ahakoa te meka i whakaaro te hōtaka kei te ki te waiho i te ngaio, ako nga tikanga taketake o te mahi ki a reira e taea ara kaiwhakamahi tauhou (me kua aha ia riro rongonui ao).

Microsoft Excel: whai wāhitanga

Ko te mahi tino ohie ki Excel - ko te whakaatu o te kuputuhi me ngā tau i roto i tepu. Ko te mara te mahi o te hōtaka, i roto i te meka, titiro rite te maha nui o ngā pūtau, ia o e taea e te tahi mea ki te tuhituhi. He tukanga atu uaua - whakaaro, te whakataki o tātai. Operations e rapu utu whakangungu - hōtaka o pera-ka karanga "tonotono" (he ahua o ngā hōtaka ā-), tātaitanga engineering.

whakarārangi tatou i nga momo tino noa o raruraru i roto i te mahi, i te mea e taea ki te whakaoti "Excel te hōtaka":

- tātaitanga pāngarau te whakamahi i te uara tau i roto i ngā pūtau i te tepu (tua, tangohanga, whakareatanga, wehenga, hanga ahu, aha ...);

- ki te whakamahi o ngā tātai whakaaunoa te pūkete;

- faaineineraa o pūrongo, puka, pātai, me ētahi atu tuhinga, e ko te titiro tino whakamarie i roto i te puka o tepu;

- Tūtohi, mātakitaki o tatauranga ki te awhina o ngā hoahoa.

Just rite i roto i te take o Word, he tino ngāwari ki te ako i runga i to ratou ake te whakamahi Excel. te nuinga Mana pūmanawa Program. Kei te whakaratohia hoki tenei momo o te pūmanawa ki te pūnaha tokoni taipitopito (e taea e whai hua ki te kaiwhakamahi tauhou kahore anake, engari ngaio hoki).

tono Popular: Adobe Photoshop

E mea pinepine kaiwhakamahi Me whakatika i roto i te mahi i te hōtaka ngā - "Photoshop". Hoki Windows 7, 8, ranei XP vai te reira i roto i te rota o putanga. Mana, ka karanga i tenei hōtaka ko Adobe Photoshop. Ko te tikanga mō te tuhi (e huaina taua whakataunga "ētita whakairoiro"). Kia pai te reira, pera i roto i te take o Word ko Excel, pehea kaiwhakamahi tauhou me ngaio: kaihoahoa, ngā tukutuku, kaihanga o te pakiwaituhi.

E pā ana Photoshop ki ngā hōtaka, tukanga te whakapakoko i roto i te aratau "matawai" pera-ka karanga. Eaha te auraa? Ka taea e tatou te mea e te kāwai o "Raster" nona te nuinga o whakairoiro rorohiko nui. Ko tenei he ahua arā, o te tau nui o ira iti (mahara, kia rite ki te pikitia i runga i te mata TV me hanga - ko te taua te parau tumu). Ki te awhina o "Raster" ētita whakairoiro taea te waihanga tino tetahi huānga whakairoiro. Ko taea ki te utu i te whakaahua o te tangata, te whare, te whenua - mea katoa. I tua atu ki "Raster" whakairoiro i reira e "pere." Ka taea te hāngai Images runga reira, i roto i te tahuri, ki te hanga i anake i runga i te tātauira whakatakotoria iho i roto i te hōtaka.

Adobe Photoshop: whai wāhitanga

Ki te awhina o Photoshop, e kore koutou e taea e te waihanga anake whakaahua, engari ano ki te hanga huringa i roto i te kua oti. No reira te wā "otfotoshopit". Ka taea e koe, hei tauira, ki te whakarerekē i ngā i roto i te whakaahua, te tahi mea ki a ia pririsovyvat, retouch - ki te rota o te wheako ki Photoshop taea katoa te tiki rawa reka.

mahi Adobe Photoshop ki te nuinga o ngā hōputu kōnae whakairoiro tika ki te aroaro o te huinga nui o pūtahuri mō hōputu rerekē. Tata tahuri mōhiohio kauwhata o te hōputu kōnae i roto i ona ake kaiwhakatika hōputu Adobe Photoshop ka pānui mai i te kōnae. A, no te tuhituhi ki te pūtahuri kōnae mahi kōaro panoni.

He aha e nga momo tino rongonui o whakawhitinga e kua hanga i roto i te Photoshop? Ko ētahi o ēnei te whai ake:

- te hanga whakairoiro hou ka whakamahi i paraihe mariko, pene rākau, rangatira, ngā āhua mā te whakamahi i rerekē ngā tae;

- Hurihia te rahi o ngā pikitia āhuatanga takitahi ranei;

- whakakotahitanga o nga tirotiro o whakapakoko e rua rerekē;

- Hurihia te tae o te whakapakoko ona wahi ranei;

- te whakamahi o pānga ataata e tika ana ki te tātauira hōtaka me hātepe hanga-i roto i;

- Transformation o whakapakoko (whakaata, hurihanga, etc ...).

Just rite i roto i te take o Word ko Excel, he ngāwari ki te ako karu ngā mana Photoshop. Na e ka e taea ki te utu tahi mea i te ara kaiwhakamahi ngawari. E rite rawa tokomaha putanga o te hōtaka ki te pūnaha awhina i roto i Russian, i roto i te taipitopito whakaahua ana pehea ki te mahi ki a Photoshop.

momo Popular o tono pūmanawa: pūtirotiro

Pūtirotiro - he hōtaka i roto i nei ngā kaiwhakamahi te uru ki te Internet, lau rongo i tukutuku, tuhituhi karere i roto i whatunga pāpori, mataara ataata - i roto i te poto, te mahi i nga mea katoa e te mea huru o te "wāhi mariko". Ko te tino rongonui i roto i te ao o tenei momo o rongoā - Internet Explorer, Opera, Google Chrome. He he he maha rawa nui o ratou analogs me momoroto. Ko te taumahinga o ia o ratou, i roto i te whānui, i te taua. Te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi hiahia ki te whakamahi tetahi ranei tetahi i runga i te aromatawai tuakiri o te kounga o te pūmanawa hoahoa me te haratau o te wāhi o ngā mana ki runga ki a ratou.

hāngai ana te parau tumu o te mahi i runga i te aronga o ngā pūtirotiro reo Kuputuhiitua tautohua (huaina HTML) me tahuri te reira ki mārama mo te kaiwhakamahi āhuatanga ataata - kuputuhi, pikitia, tepu, ataata, hākoritanga, kōrero ngā puka, etc ...

Pūtirotiro: Huarahi

Ko te tino māmā whakaritea i roto i te tauira pūmanawa taua. Ko te āhuatanga matua o te pūtirotiro - he aho ki te wāhitau o te pae, me te mara matua (i huaina maha "atanga tukutuku", e whakaatu mōhiohio i te Internet i te āhuatanga matua o te hōtaka taua -. Ko he takawaenga i waenganui i te PC kaiwhakamahi me te tahi atu mau taata e te hunga i roto i te wāhi mariko tikanga ahau ,. te whakamahi i te pūtirotiro (kaua ranei, "atanga tukutuku") iwi, i roto i te meka, ka taea e te kōrero mā te te tuku te tahi mea e koe (kōnae kuputuhi) me ki te tiki te tahi mea i ētahi atu. ko ko te Ipurangi i mua i te tenenga o te pūtirotiro? Aupito. Ko te take i te "m tukutuku mata "- e kore e mua te tikanga tuatahi o te kōrero i waenganui i ngā kaiwhakamahi haere mai te reira i muri i nga tau o te harmonization ao o paerewa, e kia whakawhiti." mariko "mōhiohio.

Pūmanawa: free me utua

Ko tētahi o nga paearu mo te whakarōpū o te pūmanawa - te utu. E toru ngā wāhanga o rongoā. Tuatahi, ko reira tino pūmanawa free. Tuarua, i reira he arumoni. Ki te hiahia te kaiwhakamahi ki te whakamahi i taua pūmanawa, me utu i te reira mo tona tāutanga. Tuatoru, i reira he he momo takawaenga o te pūmanawa - shareware. He aha e ona āhuatanga? I roto i te whānui, i te whai wāhi o taua pūmanawa ko: e kore e hiahia ana ki te utu mo te tāutanga, engari i muri i te whakamahi i te hōtaka mō etahi wa (hei tauira, marama), ka hiahia koe ki te whakawhiti moni mo te whakamahi tonu o te kaiwhakawhanake.

He aha te mea "kapua"?

I roto i nga tau tata nei, riro rongonui nui, te wā "kapua rorohiko". He aha te mea tenei āhuatanga? "Hangarau Kapua" - te, ki te kōrero koe i roto i te reo mania, te pūmanawa tono e taea te rere i te pūtirotiro (fakatatau, Kei te kore tāuta reira i runga i te PC). Fakakaukau angé ki he tauira. Microsoft Word, i whakahuatia i runga ake matou, e rere e te pāwhiri-rua i runga i te icon i runga i te papamahi. Ko reira ko te otinga kotahi, engari te "kapua": kawea te whakamahi o te pūmanawa o tenei momo i roto i roto i atanga pūtirotiro tukutuku. Tikanga, ngā kōnae ki nei mahi te kaiwhakamahi ki te awhina o taua pūmanawa, kei te hoki penapena ipurangi.

He rota o ngā hōtaka i reira e teie nei i roto i te hōputu "kapua". He nga putanga noa o te pūnaha whakahaere o tenei momo. Na e taea tatou te mea e te hōputu "kapua" - e kore te mea mahi anake, engari ano hoki i te pūmanawa pūnaha. pā ana te rongonui o taua rongoā i teie mahana te ki te tere nohopuku o te Ipurangi (he tau torutoru ki muri e kore i tenei), me te penapena wā kaiwhakamahi - kahore he take ki te tāuta i tetahi mea i runga i tou PC. E te ara, he motuhake o te kaiwhakamahi te pūmanawa momo whakahou kapua. He watea hoki reira.

Ko wai whakawhanake pūmanawa?

He he he rängai katoa o te ōhanga, kawea nei i roto i roto i te anga o te whanaketanga pūmanawa - papatono. kaimahi te reira i te iwi ki te pūkete rerekē o te matauranga. Engari faaite ratou i te āhuatanga noa - matauranga o ngā reo hōtaka. Mā te tetahi atu o ratou ranei, te tangata tuhi. reo papatono - he huinga o whakahau e kua mohio e nga wae taputapu o te rorohiko. Tohí hanga i roto i te ara etahi, "te parau" tangata e hanga pūmanawa e whakarato ana "kia" pūtukatuka, ranei, mea, he kōpae PC ki te whakaputa i te ahua o te mahi i runga i te kōnae. Reo, ki te awhina o nei te whanaketanga o te pūmanawa, rau. I roto i rongonui - C ( "C"), Java, Pascal, Ruby-i runga i-te auri tereraa.

He mea uaua ki te ako ki te hanga pūmanawa?

Ehara i i te katoa. Ko te kaiwhakawhanake o te hōtaka e taea e tino tangata tetahi. Creation o te pūmanawa - e kore te mea he mahi rāhuitia tenei. tīmata maha kaipakihi angitu ki te meka i whakawhanakehia te pūmanawa te. Tauira o taua iwi - Bill Geyts, Linux Torvalds, Evgeny Kaspersky. Hei ako taea te hāngai reo mō te hanga pūmanawa i runga i te nui o te tuhinga e wātea ana, tutorials ataata, mā te toro i te akoranga motuhake ranei. Whanaketanga Pūmanawa - tetahi o nga ahumahi tere tipu, me te tupu o tona rongonui te nuinga e pā ana ki wātea whānui.