Tuhinga - he aha te mea te reira? Tuhinga: awheawhe, taputapu, utu

He pono utua ia o koutou whakarongo ki te tito karaihe kanapa e whakapaipai i nga tatau matapihi o te mau hiero i tahito ra, me wharekai hou. E ratou e kore e ahei kia pahemo te tau'a. Ka taea te kite i taua ataahua i roto i te roto o whaitua hanga whakaata i runga i pātaki karaihe, baguettes hoki peita, tatau roto. E huaina ēnei āhuatanga whakapaipai kupu ngaro "Tuhinga". He aha te momo o te ara ki te waihanga pikitia karaihe, e tamata tatou ki te kitea i roto i muri i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Ko te tikanga ahurei o te karaihe ōpure

Ōpure He whakapakoko mārama, tauira, pikitia, kua hanga nei o whatiwhatinga ranei i runga i te mata karaihe. A, no te hanga i te aronui huānga here poke ko te kōtaha whakarewa. e toaati e te tikanga o broaches angiangi pupuri tonu hanganga katoa mongamonga karaihe tae. Kua waihangatia e te hītori roa o te toi ōpure te rota o huarahi rerekē o te hanga o te whakapaipai taketake. hangarau Modern hanga ōpure tekau karaihe.

He tikanga o te karaihe rewa

Tuhinga - he aha te mea te reira? Na ka karanga a reira tetahi o nga tikanga o te karaihe tukatuka mō ōpure. mai technique i te ingoa Ingarihi o fusing (whakawera, rewa, sintering) me tohu te mauri o te tukanga. I raro i te mana o te pāmahana teitei, ka taea e te tahi mau huānga karaihe humarie hono ki tetahi ki tetahi i roto i te hanganga taemaha rerekē. I mohiotia enei whakapaipai ki nga Ihipiana i tahito ra tae noa hoki rite ahau rautau BC. Otiia i runga i nga tau i tenei tikanga o te hanga kei te kore e tata whakamahia i roto i te toi o te ōpure.

Kua whakawhanakehia Tuhinga tikanga kua ka pai ake i roto i nga nineties o te rau tau whakamutunga. I roto i Germany i hanga he oumu motuhake mō te karaihe rewa. I roto i tenei whenua, ka ora ake te tikanga, me te he tino lahi.

fusing hangarau: ngā wāhanga me ngā āhuatanga

Kei te tukanga whakaputa o te maha hikoinga, ia o nei e whakaaro tatou i roto i te taipitopito.

• Hea ki te tīmata. I roto i runga ki te tikanga tīpakohia he preform karaihe. Ko te thoroughness me te tika o te ohipa faaineineraa he tika ti'aturi i runga i te hua mutunga. Na, ko te karaihe fusing hua ki te taahiraa i muri mai. Tenei maimoatanga wera.
• Whakawera. whakanohoia hua āhua-oti ineine te i roto i te oumu motuhake, kua oti te tahu e te ki te pāmahana e hiahiatia ana. rewa Karāhe me āta riro te hue whero-karaka. piri tahi mongamonga Tuatahi tamaruhia, a ka hanumi ki te katoa kotahi.
• Te hau. A, no te pa i te maui mo te wa tomu'a, te pāmahana mōrahi o te hua karaihe (2-4 haora). Ko te wāhanga tino nui, e haere fusing tenei. Eaha te auraa o tenei mo te heke mai o te hua? te rongo roa i raro i etahi tawhā waiariki whakarite whakapati tino, me te mōrahi kongakonga pereni tunu.
• Te meangiti. A, no te riro te preform karaihe te āhua e hiahiatia, tahuri te oumu te atu. te matao o te hua kei te ki te pāmahana rūma āta, te kore tango i te reira i te oumu.

tikanga sintering

Tuhinga - e ko e founga tupu te reira? Kei te wehea tukatuka hangarau sintering karaihe ki e toru ngā momo:

• Tuhinga Full - te rewa karaihe tino i raro i te mana o te pāmahana teitei (700-900 ° ^C). Ki te te whakawera kaha o nga papa o runga o te rauemi i raro i ona ake te taimaha iho, ka tareka i roto i te raro.
• Polufyuzing sintering primetochnoe (500-550 ° ^C) ranei - rewa wāhanga ki te huringa iti i roto i te āhua. e toaati nga huānga takitahi, te pupuri i te mata nuinga.
• Ko te puku - huringa o te puka o te karaihe i raro i te mana o ona ake taimaha. A, no te tamaru t 600-650 ^C. rauemi me e te ahua o te mata ki runga ki i kei te. Tïpako he taonga o rauemi whakangutungutu (te raima, te uku).

Tuhinga

Ko te tino rongonui i roto i kaihoahoa whakamahi te sintering planar. kia mahi maheni tuhinga nukurau kotahi rite te ōpure, peita whakapaipai rihi taketake (rihi, paepae) ranei. Hei waihanga ahanoa i fusing pūtake hiahia karaihe, me te huinga o ngā āhuatanga takitahi. Ka rite ki te tïpako whakamahia ranei te tikanga matotoru karaihe tae 3 ki te 5 mm o.

I roto i te hanga o ngā tūemi mō tito ake nei e taea te whakamahi ngā rauemi: .. Pieces o frit karaihe, granule, etc. e whakaritea ratou i runga i te rererangi i roto i runga i te whakapakoko karakōnui. Hoki ngā āhuatanga o te rahi e hiahiatia ana me te āhua whakamahi i te cutter karaihe me Kuku.

Fusing-phorminx tikanga taea ki a koe te whakatau i tuhinga toru-ahu o whirihoranga rerekē. Ka taea e te hua e hiahiatia ana kia tutuki i roto i te maha ngā huarahi:

• heru - "heru" te mata wera o te karaihe ki te taputapu motuhake;
• Whakairo - atu whakapaipai huānga pikitia takitahi;
• tumuaki de Ver - e maka ana hua ki te whakamahi o ngā puka motuhake;
• painting - whakapaipai whakamahi i te puehu karaihe i konatunatua ki te hanganga piripiri;
• piko - te hanga āhua kōpiko whakamahi reheating karaihe tauta.

Ko te rārangi iti noa o ngā momo o te Tuhinga karaihe tenei. I roto i to ratou mahi, i reira he he maha nui.

Taipitopito mō te rēhitatanga

ruānuku Tuhinga ngaio ki te whakatinana i ō rātou whakaaro auaha te whakamahi i te maha nui o rauemi rerekē e hāngai ana i runga i te karaihe, ko te noa tino i roto i:

• frit - matūriki pai o te karaihe mongamonga;
• kihu - takai kikokore, me te kuiti;
• tītipi, ranei pepa - e kore te mea neke atu i te 0.5 mm matotoru paraharaha porowhita;
• tokotoko - tokotoko karaihe e pā ana ki 15 mm te whānui;
• stringers - miro matotoru o 5 ki te 8 mm;
• pōhatu - matūriki karaihe Roimata-āhua i runga i te tïpako planar;
• Kinaki - te pepa konumohe pai rawa mō te fusing ki te mata.

Ki te whiwhi hua ataahua kore anake, engari ano hoki roa e tango, ki te pūkete te hototahi o te rauemi e whakamahia ana.

Sintering karaihe oumu

te whakamahi i ngā taputapu motuhake ki te whakaputa i pāmahana teitei. whakamana mana Tukanga whakawera oumu e te kōwae motuhake. Here taea e koe te whakatika i te taumata mana, taahi i te taahiraa ki whakaturia te huringa pāmahana me te whakaurunga o te huringa matawā. Hanga-i roto i te pūmana pāmahana programmable taea ki a koe tino whakahaere i te tukanga o te sintering o te karaihe.

mō te fusing oumu i aravihi rerekē me te rahi. Hei tīpako i te momo e hiahiatia tei runga i te whakaaro, me te hōkai o te mahi. tauira o nāianei i tūpuku iti me te mātao tangi, e kua maha ngā painga kitea:

• Ko te matotoru iti rawa - te whakaiti i te taimaha o te hanganga whānui, me te faarahi i te wāhi oumu ā-;
• paparanga rua - whakahaere whāwhā pū o tukanga katoa;
• iti kawe ia ngāwhā - te whakaiti te mana kohi, e hanga ana e ia taea ki te whakamahi i roto i tētahi taiao kāinga.

Ko te oumu whakawera mō fusing nga mea timatanga e whakanohoia i roto i isolators kiripaka, e ārai para i tomo i te karaihe, me te whai wāhi ki te wahi noa o te wera.

utu o ngā hua

Whakaturia he utu mo te hua oti o te karaihe rawa uaua, no te mea ehara i te mea o te natura whakaritea. I runga i te tapeke utu o te Tuhinga awe e āhuatanga maha:

• rahi me te matotoru o te hua oti;
• te maha o ngā tae, me tints;
• kounga o ngā rauemi me ratou utu hoko;
• te matatini o te whakapakoko;
• Me hoki tāutanga me te transportation o te hanganga oti.

He wāhanga nui o te utu o te hanga oti ko ki te whakawhanake i tētahi huahua mo i hanga Tuhinga. Price hoki ngā utu mahi. Kotahi mita tapawha o ōpure hanga i roto i te tikanga o te Tuhinga, e taea te utu i te 30 000 moni. wā āwhiwhiwhi o te mahi o te tikanga taua - kotahi wiki.

Hea ki te ako i te toi o fusing

hangarau production Images karaihe kanohi e sintering tukanga ohie. Ahakoa he nui iti o te matauranga ki te āwhina i hanga koe etahi Tuhinga ohie. Te Kaiwhakaako-piha i runga i te hanganga o ngā hua rerekē e taea te whiwhi mā te ako i ngā pukapuka, me te kiriata e matakitaki ana. Otiia ki te mea ka whai koe i te whai wāhi ki te haere i te mau haapiiraa whakangungu i te ngaio mātanga, e kore koutou e haere ki runga. I roto i tenei take, e kore koutou e taea e mataara anake te tauira e katoa, ko te tukanga rerekē, me te whakaongaonga ki o koutou kanohi ake, engari ano ki te kaha whai wāhi i roto i reira.

Ka hanga ratou ringa ake pikitia karakara ranei te kai whakapaipai, ka ite koe i te hari mafakamatalai o e fakatupú. Ka korero te kaiako e pā ana ki katoa te whaktauiratia me mita o te mahi auaha, ka whakahoki pātai katoa e pā ana ki te tikanga Tuhinga. piha haapiiraa te Kaiwhakaako i roto i te aratau ora o te kōrero e taea te hoatu e koe kia rahi noa ake akoranga, me ngā akoranga ataata.

Ki te ka whakaongaonga i te matauranga riro hiahia koe ki te tino whakatutuki Tuhinga, ka ai pai kia taea ki te mahi i te reira i te kāinga, paitanga ki nga ratonga o toi koe.