"Worm Morris": te hītori o te putanga o te huaketo, te parau tumu o te mahi, me te ngā meka

I ohovale Amerika, no te tata katoa o te rorohiko i whai wāhi ki te ipurangi (i roto i Amerika), e pā ana ki te waru haora i roto i te ata te tuarua i roto i Noema 1988, rite mea ratou, "raru." Tuatahi, kua pēnei ai ki te arā o te pūnaha mana. Otira ka, ka reira ko te urutā meinga e te "Worm Morris", ka reira mārama i huakina nga terminals e te unknown i te wa te hōtaka kei roto waehere e kore e taea e e e moni wetewaehere wātea. No miharo! Ahakoa te rorohiko hono ki te Internet, taua anake i roto i nga mano tini (āhua 65,000 terminals) me mo te wahi tino māngai i roto i porowhita kāwanatanga kāwanatanga ranei.

Huaketo "Worm Morris": he aha te mea te reira?

Ko te huaketo o tenei momo ko te tuatahi o tona ahua. Ko ia te tangata e riro te tupuna o te tahi atu hōtaka katoa o tenei momo, he rerekē i tenei ra i te mea kaha nui te tupuna.

Robert Morris "kutukutu" ratou hanga, e kore noa i mohio e pā ana ki te mea rongonui e riro ia me te aha te huru o te kino i taea e meinga te ōhanga. I roto i te whānui, rite ki te whakapono reira ko reira, pera mea ratou, he moni pono hākinakina. Otiia i roto i te meka te whakataki o te whatunga APRANET ka ao ki nei, rokohanga, kua hono, me kāwanatanga me ngā rōpū hōia, kua meinga he ru taua i nei kihai i taea e Amerika ora mo te wa roa. E ai ki ngā whakatau tata tuatahi, he huaketo rorohiko "Morris kutukutu" meinga kino ki etahi US $ 96,5 miriona (me e te tika te nui, mohiotia i puna mōhiohio). Ko te moni e whakaaturia i runga ake, he mōhiohio. A e kore e te taua kiia hoki, pea, a kahore i raro ki te whākinga.

Ko te kaihanga o te huaketo rorohiko "Morris Worm" Robert Morris: he torutoru meka i te haurongo

Tonu whakatika te pātai e rite ana ki te hunga i tenei poto kaihātepe, e whakahaere hoki i te torutoru ra ki pararaiha te pūnaha rorohiko o te fenua Amerika Te Tai Tokerau.

Te ora taua aroha "Wikipedia" tohu e i te wa, ko Robert he ākonga paetahi i Cornell University, R. T. Morrisa (tupono tāpiritanga ranei?), I te Faculty o Rorohiko Engineering.

Ko te hītori o e fakatupú, me te putanga o te huaketo

Kei te whakapono te reira i e tuatahi i roto i te huaketo kihai i roto i tetahi riri. ako Fred Cohen te "kutukutu Morris" i runga i te pūtake o ana tātaitanga o waehere kino, a kitea ana e ia he āhuatanga ngā. tahuri te reira i roto i e kore ko te hōtaka kino tenei.

"Worm Morris" (ahakoa i tenei ra te whakaaro reira ki te waiho i te huaketo ki te take o te Taparima) i te tuatahi hanga rite te tikanga o te whakamātautau i runga i te pūtake o "ipurangiroto" pūnaha whakaraeraetanga (e kore e maere i tukua e ngā kaiwhakamahi APRANET tuatahi).

Ka rite ki te huaketo pānga te pūnaha rorohiko

Sam Robert Morris (kaituhi huaketo) i roto i nga ara e ngana ana ki te faaatea iho i te mau hopearaa meinga e tona "brainchild" o te United States, kī e whakapataritari te horapa whatunga he hapa i roto i te waehere o te hōtaka. Hoatu e te mātauranga riro ia i te whare wānanga, rawa i roto i te Faculty o Pūtaiao Rorohiko, he uaua ki te farii i tenei.

Na, ko te pera-ka karanga "Worm Morris" i te tīmatanga e arotahi ana ki te mōhio o kōrero i waenganui i ngā rōpū nui (tae atu ki te kāwanatanga, me te hōia). Ko te ngako i ki te whakarite pānga, ki te whakakapi i te kuputuhi taketake o tonoa ki te whatunga ka APRANET te pukapuka, te tango i ngā pane, me te i roto i te aratau patuiro Sendmail moka waipuke ratonga fingerd-whatunga ranei. Kei te wāhanga tuatahi o te pukapuka te waehere hou, haaputuhia i runga i te kāpeka mamao, a ka titoa te tuatoru o te waehere ā-rua taua, engari urutau ki ngā pūnaha rorohiko rerekē.

I tua atu, kua reira kua whakamahia he taputapu motuhake e āhei ki te tīpako i te ingoa kaiwhakamahi me te kupuhipa mā te whakamahi i tētahi mahi hōtaka uru mamao (rexec), ka karanga i te anga mamao (rsh), e i te taumata whakahau whakamahia pera-ka karanga "tikanga o te whakawhirinaki" (inaianei ake nuitia e pā ana ki tiwhikete).

tere o te whakatö

Ka rite ki huri i te reira i roto i, kihai i te kaihanga huaketo te tangata poauau. Ia mohio tonu e te roa te waehere, te roa e whakaurua te huaketo ki te pūnaha. Ko Ko te aha kei roto i te 'Worm pai-mohiotia Morris "he-rua iti (ko te haaputuhia) raupapa.

Nā ki tenei, me i reira ko te taua boom, i te mea nei i te taumata o te ratonga maramarama kāwanatanga mo etahi take faaoti ki noho puku, ara ahakoa horapa te riri i te tārua iho tata ē (nga kape o te huaketo i taea e ki te waihanga e rua, neke atu rānei o ō rātou ake hoa).

kino

No tetahi, Heoi, e kore e whakaaro e pā ana ki te aha kino taea te meinga e te pūnaha haumaru taua. Here te raruraru, kaua, he aha te mea i roto i iho i te huaketo rorohiko "Morris Worm". Ko te meka Ko e te tīmatanga i te kătahi o te huaketo ki te kāpeka kaiwhakamahi ki te whakatau mehemea kei te pūnaha he kape. Ki te tetahi, mahue te huaketo te motokā anake. Kore - ki te whakauru ki roto ki te pūnaha, me te hanga i te tou i taumata katoa ki te whakamahi i, me te whakahaere i. ko pono o te pūnaha whakahaere katoa rite te katoa tenei, a ka whakaturia ngā hōtaka ritenga me tono āporoiti ranei.

Kei te te ahua mōhiohio, ka karanga te Tari US o (āhua 96-98 miriona tāra te wariu o te kino), āta hoohonutanga. Ki te titiro koe anake i te ra tuatahi e toru, kua kua reira o te tikanga o 94.6 miriona). Neke atu i te nga ra e whai ake nei, e kore tupu te moni kia nui, engari kaiwhakamahi noa pāngia (ko te press mōhiohio me te Tari US o puku tenei). O te akoranga, i te maha o rorohiko hono ki te tukutuku ao, i āhua 65,000 i te US, engari ano no te ratou i tukua tata katoa tuawha kāpeka.

pānga

Ehara i te mea uaua ki te imi e te faufaa o te pānga, ko te ki te whakarite ki te faaere rawa pūnaha mahi i te taumata o te kohi rauemi. Nuinga pā reira ki te kötuitui hononga.

Te huaketo i roto i te take māmā, te hanga ratou ake kape, me tīmata te whakarewatanga o ngā tukanga e whakaahua rite ratonga pūnaha (inaianei ara rere rite kaiwhakahaere i roto i te rārangi tukanga "Kaiwhakahaere Tūmahi"). A ki te tango e kore e taea te riri o reira tonu i roto i tenei rārangi. Na reira, i te otinga o te tukanga e pā ana ki te pūnaha, me te kaiwhakamahi, titauhia tatou ia rave i te tūpato tino.

A Morris?

"Worm Morris" me tona kaihanga i te kau ite tino pai. I momoho te tawhiti te huaketo tautooraa o te kamupene wheori taua no te mea i ratou i te waehere pūtake, e te tuhituhi me te āporoiti.

Morris i 2008, ua faaite te tuku o te reo Arc e hāngai ana i runga i "ngutu", me i roto i te 2010 i tohua mo te taata tei mau, me te ingoa o Tohu weiser.

E te ara, tetahi meka ngā ko e kitea te rōia hāmene tūmatanui Mark Rasch e monokia te huaketo i maha rorohiko i akina te katinga, engari tonu kihai i meinga kaiwhakamahi raraunga whakaae o tetahi taumata o te kino, no te mea kihai i tuatahi hōtaka haamou, me ngana manatoko i te taea o pokanoa i roto i te hanganga ā-o ngā pūnaha ngā. Ina whakaritea ki te mea i te tuatahi te hoariri (nei noa tukua ki nga mana), whakawehi ki te here ki runga, ki te rima tau, me te pai o te 250 mano tara, i mawhiti ia ki e toru nga tau tamataraa, he pai o te 10 mano tāra me 400 haora o te mahi hapori. Hia te ture ua e (i te ara, me te hakari) wa he tito.

e rave rahi putanga

O te akoranga, i tenei ra i te wehi o te riri taua, i te mea i roto i te tīmatanga o te nucleation o taputapu rorohiko kanohi "Morris huaketo", o te akoranga e kore te mea e tika ana,.

Ko te aha te mea ngā. Kei te whakapono te reira e te pānga o te waehere kino e ngohengohe matua o Windows. Na ka ohorere huri i te reira i roto i taua i whakawhanakehia tuatahi te tinana o te huaketo mō ngā pūnaha UNIX-e hāngai ana. He aha te tikanga o tenei? Ae, tika te mea nga rangatira o Linux ko Mac OS, e te parau i runga i te turanga UNIX, he reira taime no te faaineine rongoā (ahakoa te whakapono reira e kore e huaketo i runga i enei pūnaha whakahaere pāngia i te katoa, i roto i te tikanga e kore i ratou tuhituhia). Ko te wahi maha kaiwhakamahi "poppies" me "Linux kaiwhakamahi" rahi hape tenei.

Ka rite ki huri i te reira i roto i, ara i runga i ngā pūrere pūkoro rere iOS anga ki te hei whakararu etahi tuma (tae atu i te "kutukutu Morris"). Tuatahi, ko reira he pānuitanga, a ka - te pūmanawa e hiahiatia, me ka ... - te tūtukitanga pūnaha. Here i oke ai a whakaaro. Otiia i nga takenga mai tu ana o reira katoa te ākonga paetahi, hanga he hapa i roto i ona ake hōtaka-hei whakamatau, i arahina ki te putanga o te mea e huaina kutukutu rorohiko i teie mahana. A e mohiotia e ratou, me te mau parau tumu o te rongo ki te maha ngā pūnaha rerekē.

I roto i te tikanga, taua wheori he torotoro (torotoro), e pūnaha utaina kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te tua ki te kupuhipa tahaetia katoa ki te uru pae, takiurunga, PIN-waehere o nama nama ranei kāri, me mohio te Atua e, kia rite ki te kaiwhakamahi noa taea e kore noa mana'o. I roto i te whānui, he mahi wehe ki hopearaa rawa taumaha te pānga o tenei huaketo me ētahi atu rite ia i tenei wā o te whanaketanga o te hangarau rorohiko, ara i runga i nga tikanga tino hou o te tiaki. A ko reira ki kutukutu rorohiko kia rite mataara.

Ko te he taua kōrero whakangahau, me te rerekē e kore e wareware hoki te wa roa. Interesting me haumaru koutou iri i roto i roto i te kupenga - waho te tahae o raraunga, ngāwari te pūnaha me tetahi torotoro rite "kutukutu Morris"!