Pakihi, A ani i te tohunga
316 Infantry Division o General Panfilov. History Division hoia feat
iwi Young e inaianei maitai mōhio o kaiwhakaari rongonui me kaiwaiata, kaitōrangapū rongonui me te iwi ki te rave i te tahi mea tekau tau nui i mua, he kore hiahia i roto i reira. Otira kua mohiotia te pai te whakatupuranga pakeke hoki 316 Infantry Division o General Panfilov, haea ki to ratou oraraa tango fascists i Moscow. I roto i te whawhai, me te he vahaataimi tau o te Division tuhituhi ahau maha niupepa, a murimatetia meinga te katoa 28 Panfilov Heroes o te Soviet Union. e mea he e reira kia kia he? I muri i te feat o iwi a'oi reira. Otira i reira nga rauemi, ana kahore kino me kore i pai ake i te tahi atu wae ko te 316 Infantry Division, constraining nga kau Nasí i runga i nga waho o Moscow. I roto i ia o ratou toa patua matou hoia, e hoki etahi take ta kahore tetahi tetahi, engari o te 28 Panfilov kihai i mate te katoa. Ano, e kore katoa o ratou i toa, etahi o ratou ara ka tinihanga. He aha te mea te reira - tametame te itoito o hoia Soviet, te hiahia ki te ite i te parau mau ki te iwi ranei? I roto i tenei tuhinga, e hāngai ana i runga i ngā tuhinga tūturu tatou waihanga anō i te akoranga o te mau ohipa o te hunga tau, ki e rua kua te taitamariki me te pakeke whakatupuranga ako te pono e pā ana ki marohirohi.
General Panfilov
Ko te rangatira o te 316 Infantry Division, te rongonui IV Panfilov, he tangata no te faahiahia. I whanau ia i runga i 20.12.92 (kāhua tawhito) ranei 1.1.93 (hou), pera kitea me te revolution, me te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. I te tau 1915 ka whawhai ia i roto i te ope Tsarist, engari i 1918 ka te Army Whero, whawhai ki nui Chapaev, a mohio ki a ia fakafo'ituitui.
Ko te whanau o te Infantry 316th
I puta ia i te kura hōia Kiev ka Panfilov ki Central Asia, te wahi arahina e ia i te whawhai ki here tahae. Na nga wahi katoa, ara i roto i nga wāhi maunga tino mōrearea muia Basmachi, muri ki a ia ko tana wahine aroha, me te hoa tino taiva Masha, Maria Ivanovna. I konatunatua i roto i te whawhai, he toa, maia me te i te wa hoia whakaaro nui taua o te Soviet Army I. V. Panfilova i 1938 i whakaritea commissar hōia o te Kirghiz Soviet Republic. Na i roto i tenei tūranga ia wahi o raiona o whakarongo ki whawhai taitamariki, engari e kore e iti ki te drill whakangungu engari ano hoki nga hiahia o to koutou whare, e kore te mea moku, ki rangatira katoa e.
I te timatanga o Hōngongoi 1941 ka haere a I. V. Panfilov ki Alama-Ata, te wahi tīmata te hanganga o te kōwae whawhai kaha, Nō "316th Infantry Division". fakatāutaha tīpakohia Panfilov te iwi i roto i reira, hiahia nga activists Komsomol me taitamariki Kominiusi. Na te hanga i te taua kōwae nui, tona matua mahi ko ki te whawhai i te kau Nasí, e kore Panfilov wareware e ona whawhai - rawa iwi, a anake ka hoia, na te patototanga ratou tikanga noa o te noho, supply kai, taonga e tika ana, ara te whakarite hoki ratou kōnohete waiata, me nga wahine katoa i hanga e te issuance o tokena me remu hei utu o tarau me footcloths.
Whakangungu o ngā pūkenga hōia
Ko te rongonui 316 Infantry Division e kawea rau o mahi, i te tuatahi e kore i te pai-whakaritea wae whawhai, kia rite ki wāhanga o ona whawhai e iti matau i roto i te toi o te whawhai, he tokomaha i wehi noa tāke. Na reira, mahi matua IV Panfilov o ko ki te hanga whakangungu hōia o tona hanganga kara, i homai e ia kotahi anake marama. Mai i rangatira kamupene me te ope taua kī ia ki te whakaako iwi ako, te manawanui, me ki taua mea, i homai e te hanganga o te 316 Infantry Division ngā iwi 34 Iwi (reira i ara iwi e kore matau i te kupu i roto i Russian ranei), tohu atu te maimoatanga motuhake o hoia ki te whakakotahi ia ratou katoa i roto i te utuafare hoa. ngā te whakangungu o te hīkoi i akina roa, whiti nga awa, tango tiketike-whiti, te kari o ngā rua me te awa pakanga, te hanganga o whitinga. I roto i te tikanga ki te hinga i te wehi o whawhai i roto i ratou tāke, whakaritea Panfilov whakaeke tarakihana whakangungu, i roto i nei i te hoia i roto i nga rua, a tatari mo tarakihana ka haere ki runga ki a ratou, a ka maka ratou pohū whakangungu.
iriiringa o te ahi
Oati o hoia o te Division Infantry 316th ka tango i runga i te 30 o Hūrae, ka tae ki Novgorod, a piri i roto i te 52 th Army i 18 August. Ahakoa kahore i runga i te raina mua, i te wehenga i te maha o ngā mahi whawhai reconnaissance. Rawa rūtene taiea o te kingi, me tana paratunu, i mau pu te "reo", he pū mīhini, me te whakangaro i te torutoru Tiamana. Ko ratou wahoo whawhai tuatahi, oti wairua kaha o whawhai nei i whakaara pai.
Ko nui-tauine ngā mahi hōia e tata ana Leningrad 316 kihai i Infantry Division mau i roto i te tīmatanga o te ngahuru i whakawhitia ki te rohe Moscow, i roto i te 16 Ope Rokossovsky. Panfilovskaya 316 Rifle Division kia te ārai i te ara i runga i te Volokolamsk me parepare i whakahoki i runga i 50-maero mua wāhanga. Here i roto i te wehenga tomo Artillery Regiment 857 th Kurganova, engari kihai i nui taputapu tonu anti-hōia Panfilov, ahakoa i roto i te akoranga i ara anti-rererangi pū, me to tatou Katyushas kororia.
tātai Military Panfilova
a Panfilov tino me rangatira, me whawhai o te whānui, 316 Infantry Division te rota o te whakarongo whaiaro utua, ko reira pai mōhio o te whīwhiwhi o te mahi. Hei whakanui i te tupono noa o toa, whakamahia ia tona ake whakawhanakehia tātai o te pakanga, tohe te tokotoko o taua huarahi, ara i roto i nga āhuatanga tino ohorere korero pai. I muri mai, tenei tikanga ka whakaora i te ora o rau o nga tangata, i roto i te meka, e whakakoia ana tona ture matua Bati, e kua toutou mea kihai i nga tangata e hiahia ana te mate ratou, e hiahia ana ia ora katoa o ratou.
Ko te tika tetahi o te maha tauira kororia taiea te wahi taha Rūtene. ka mau tona kamupene he skyscraper, engari i tangohia i roto i te whakakai mätotoru o tāke, me te hoia o te hoariri. Taha, he mea meake ki te mate, ohorere haere i runga i te ino, a kahore noa whawhati te mowhiti, engari ano hoki i huna 3 tāke me te tokomaha nui o kau Nasí, a ia ki te whati kamupene i roto o encirclement. Ki mui ai, tuhituhi tetahi o nga Tiamana e whawhai beat "mohoao" ko tino uaua Division 316th, no te mea ratou mahi tonu ohorere, i waho te raro ki tetahi ture o te pakanga.
Fighting i te Volokolamsk
Kua maha kaupapa whakaurua e te rangatira o te Division Infantry 316th. Kotahi tikanga ara Nō "te Panfilova koropiko," ka timata ki te whakamahi i roto i te tahi atu rāngai o te mua. Heoi, ahakoa te kaha katoa, i te 316th reira i patu ano. Na, i runga i Oketopa 15, whakarewahia nga Tiamana he whakaeke kaha, hoatu Panfilov wehenga, he maha nui o tāke. Anake i runga i te taha maui, te wahi whawhai itoito 1075 th wiki, i reira i neke atu i te 150 wae. Ko tino taimaha te whawhai, engari te 316 Infantry Division ki te karo i encirclement, whakangaro mahere Nasí rite Panfilov whakahaere i roto i te wa ki te āwhina i tana 1075 th te rota o anti-tank pū.
I muri i te 4 ra, tomo piri nga Tiamana ki a Moscow, a ka mau etahi o te kainga. I roto i enei whawhai, whakakitea te itoito teitei Kāpene Lysenko, kia mau te korero o te kainga Ostashevo Kāpene Molchanov, me koperea iho ratou whawhai 6 tāke. Otiia i vēkeveke ki Moscow nga Tiamana, ahakoa o ratou parekura. Kua i runga i Oketopa 25, maka e ratou i roto i te Panfilov Division e pā ana ki 120 tāke. Hei whakaora i ana hoia whakahau Panfilov ki whakamuri me te tuku Volokolamsk. Mai i te taraipiunara mō tenei mahi ora ia Rokossovsky me e o te pere - Zhukov.
Whawhai hoki Moscow
Faauruhia e te angitu o te Tiamana tonu ki whakaeke. Haere mai Whiringa 16, te ra o te kino (e Zhukov mea) te whawhai mō te Moscow, a hanga te ra ratou feat inä 28 whawhai 316 Infantry Division. haere nga Tiamana mo te pakaru, ka hoatu e te Wehrmacht kua 2 taua wehenga Volokolamsk aronga. Te āwhina ratou ki wehenga hōia. E ai ki nga pukapuka o ora whawhai, ko ratou tāke, i runga i nei noho te hoia, a arahina te ahi haere tonu. To tatou hoia e kore noa i whakaarahia tona matenga ki te titiro, i reira ki te maka pohū. I te wa ano, i runga i te tihi o ratou manureva tupitahia. haukotia tenei horonga katoa o te mate kotahi 316th Infantry wehenga Panfilov.
Ki te ata o te whakaeke kaha tino timata i runga i Dubosekovo, te wahi te 1075 th Infantry Regiment. whakahau ratou Ilya Vasilyevich Capri. I roto i tenei kamupene 6 th mau Shiryaevo, 4 - tika Dubosekovo, 6 - whenua i waenganui i Petelino me te teitei o 251. I te kamupene 4 o te hoariri maka e pā ana ki 60 tāke, a ko matou anake 1 me 2 anti-tank pū paratunu PTR !
Ko te a'ee ko 4:00. I roto i tenei wa, koperea iho Panfilov 18 tāke hoariri, a huna e rave rahi rau hoia. Ko te putanga e pā ana te: patu 28 hoia katoa kamupene, engari i mutu te hoariri. I patua ano e ia me te haapii tōrangapū, e toru tekau Vasiliy Klochkov, e no ki te kīanga rongonui e pā ana ki te meka i he nui, engari wahi ki whakamuri Russia, rite Moscow kei muri ia matou.
mate Panfilova
Hoki te feat nui o 316 Infantry Division Panfilova Whiringa 17 ko te Eighth tiaki Rifle. I tua atu, ka whakawhiwhia e ia te Order o Whero Ihowanihi. Panfilov rawa pai e, rite te roa moe e ko tona wehenga te tiaki. I te Whiringa-18, ka tutaki ia ki tana tamahine Valentina, he nēhi i roto i tona wehenga ake. I roto i te hui, ka karanga Ivan ki te tari matua, kei roto i te kainga Gusenevo mō mau a'oraa ki Moscow kaituhi. Te whakahaere i roto i te waka tikohu, a i haukotia e te karere i runga i te fascists tank whakaeke hou. hohoro Panfilov waho ki peke i roto o te waka tikohu ana tangata. I taua momeniti pakaru tata te anga. I roto i te kanohi o te iwi miharo timata General ki noho. Na roto i te tāpiritanga tama'îraa, patua he otaota iti ia tika i roto i te temepara. i tanumia hero kororia i roto i Moscow, te urupā Novodevichy, ka huaina tona wehenga i muri Panfilov.
Tohu me te mate
I roto i te whakahaeretanga o hōia uaua tino o te Pakanga o te Ao Tuarua, i i runga i Noema 16-19, ngaro kore anake te rangatira tino o 316 Infantry Division, tiakina Moscow. Motherland i roto i enei whawhai ngaro mano o ratou marohirohi. Na, i te timatanga o te hanganga o te wehenga 316th ngā o 11,347 tangata, a na 16 Whiringa mahue ratou e pā ana ki 7000. I roto i ngā, i roto i a 1075 Regiment i 1534, i roto i te 1073-m - 1666, me i roto i 1077-m - 2078 hoia me rangatira. I muri i te pakanga nō roto i 1075 Regiment 120 iwi i mahue, tae atu te werohia, i roto i 1073-mita - 200, a i roto i te 1077th wiki nui - e pā ana ki 700 whawhai. Te parekura, a te akoranga, e wehingia ana. Ko te rongonui kamupene 4-th ora 20 anake te iwi i roto i o 140. Just te kohua pouiri Dubosekovo - Kryukovo Panfilov "tunua" i roto i te rua marama. I roto i tenei wa whakangaromia ratou te Nasí hoia 9000 me e pā ana ki 100 tāke, wahia 4 wehenga o Germany - 1 tank, 1 moto hoia me 2.
Afterword ki whakamahi
whakaatu Materials e i runga i Noema 16, patu e rave rahi mano o to tatou whawhai kororia nei ka awhina Moscow. He aha te mohiotia te ao katoa te ki te feat o 28 hoia o te Division Infantry 316th anake? A ki te take o ngā kaimahi o te niupepa "Whero Star" Otenberga, Krivitsky, Koroteeva. Krivitsky uru e whakaaro ia tona tuhinga i raro i te pēhanga o huru. Morehu o te whawhai, te rangatira 1075 th ahau V. Kaprov mana kī e kore i tutaki kairīpoata ia fakafo'ituitui, ka riro kahore mōhiohio e me e i roto i taua whawhai rongonui patua i 28, me te neke atu i te 100 Panfilov. whawhai katoa o ratou, ano he rewera, te parururaa i nga inihi o tona whenua Maori, engari kihai i te feat o 28 iwi. ingoa katoa (etahi whakaaro) o ratou whawhai, e riro rongonui Panfilov, mangai Krivitsky rangatira e taua kamupene 4 Gundilovich, a tupu 2 marama i muri i te whawhai i tenei, me te parau Klochkova Krivitsky tuhituhi ia.
ngā Fatal me hōhā
Te feaa, e kore whawhai hautoa noa te 316 Infantry Division, a ki runga ki te pareparenga o kaha tangata, e kore anake whakanuia 28 iwi, me nga tangata katoa. Ko te whakawhetai ki te whakapono kino o te hunga e whai iho kahore he i roto i te ati ia ora, ka haere mai he feat nga hoia katoa ki raro, ki te itoito o te rōpū iti o te iwi. Na, teka Krivitsky e pā ana ki te whawhai i i ahei ki te rongo i roto i te fare ma'i i tetahi o te 28 Panfilov Natarova, e mate tata i muri ia. Otiia kihai i taea e ia te mea i taua, no te mea i te wa o te whawhai rongonui i kua mate hoki 2 ra. I roto i te hunga mate, me te whakawhiwhia murimatetia Panfilov kua Daniel Kuzhebergenov (Kozhabergenov), i roto i te whawhai i nei he herehere o nga Tiamana. Ia rere muri mai ki te ngahere, e haereere ana i reira noa i kitea ai kaieke o te Soviet General Dovatora. Hōnore me tohu i te wa i tuhituhia kē ia, na i hohoro whakakapi tuhinga tona ingoa, me te ingoa Askar Kuzhebergenova, nei i whakawhiwhia ai. Otiia whai wāhi hoki te hoia i roto i te whawhai rongonui, pera tae i te wehenga 316 th anake i roto i January 1942.
He hari nga hapa e whai ake nei. Na, ka te Rīpeka ia Panfilov Paora Gundilovich (rangatira), Illarion Vasilyev ko Dmitry Timofeev, Grigory Shemyakin, Ivan Shadrin. ora katoa o ratou i muri i te whawhai, a ka ratou utu, he i roto i te hauora pai. Gundilovich, kāore, i mate i roto i April 1942, nga etahi whakahaere ki ora te whawhai.
Hero kaituku ranei?
Ko te kororia tino mata'ā'aá te taumata o te 316th Infantry Division, ko te wāhanga ki a Ivan Evstafievich Dobrobabin, rangatira mua o te tari. Gundilovich ka huaina tona ingoa, kihai i mohio he aha i horo Dobrobabin, a haere ana ki te mahi rite te pirihimana, a tae noa ka rangatira o pirihimana, na te itoito rahi kawea atu hono ngaahi fatongia, ahakoa i whakaaro ia he hero o te Soviet Union, rite te toenga murimatetia. A, no te i hopukia ia, ka whakakorea he tikanga i runga i maui ia te taitara, a ka whiua te kaituku ki te 15 tau i roto i te whare herehere. I muri petihanatia Dobrobabin mō te tango i a ia i te taupae, engari kihai tonu. Rehabilitated reira anake i roto i te 1993, i muri i te karanga o te rangatiratanga o Ukraine.
atu Panfilov
whakanuia e kore anake te Kamupene 4 o te Division Infantry 316th iho i runga i te 16 Whiringa-. Hei tauira, ka awhina 120 hoia o te kamupene 1 kainga Matrenin. whakahau ia ratou Rūtene Filimonov. whakangaromia ratou e rave rahi tāke me 300 fascists. O te kamupene 6 e tu tata Petelino, ora 15 anake te iwi i te whawhai. ringa tenei o te torutoru haora ki te pupuri i te korero, turakina nga tāke 5, engari i patua 15 hoia. I raro i te whakahau o te kuao rūtene tū Kraeva 2 Company wharetīoke 231,5 me te tikanga i kahore matā anti-tank me pu, engari te hopoia whakahaere ki te tukituki i te 3 ngā tāke, whakangaromia 200 Nazis tangohia te taonga i te 3 pu me 1 cars. Ko te kainga Sound 20 o to tatou hoia, whakahaua e kawana Islamkulov ko Ogureev, whawhati te ope o Carriers mīhini Nasí.
i hanga mahinga i runga i te tahi atu ra. Whiringa 17 17 hoia 1073rd whawhai Regiment ki te mate i roto i te kainga Mykanino. Patua 15 whawhai, engari 8 i roto o 25 haere mai ki a ratou o i ngaro tāke. 18 Whiringa-1077 11 whawhai Regiment, whakahaua e Rūtene Firstov, e tata ana te kainga o te aho whawhai te torutoru haora (ki runga, ki te tangata ora whakamutunga) atu te whawhai o te ope o tāke, me te kau Nasí. Ko te aroha e nga mahi o enei toa e mohiotia na iti.
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