Academician Glushko Valentin Petrovich - Designer tino o ngā pūnaha tākirirangi: biography, te utuafare, whakahonore te mahara

ka haere mai te hanga tino nui, me te tino rongonui o missiles o te Soviet Union ki te ora ki te kaihoahoa whānui, ko tona ingoa tu i roto i te hītori, me te nui tino mo te whenua. Te reira i academician Glushko, nana nei i hanga pinepine o engines kōpana kaha. Valentin Petrovich, ahakoa ana runaruna maha, te mea matua i roto i tona ora tautuhia rite te tamaiti.

timata

Whanau academician Glushko heke mai i roto i Odessa i 1908, a i roto i 1924 puta ia i te kura umanga "Metal" ingoa o Trotsky. I tekau ma rima, kua ko ia i roto i te pukumahi, e waru nga tau i roa, reta ki Tsiolkovsky ia, e tonoa mai nei ki te tamaiti ana mahi hou katoa. Tenei tangata taitamariki ngingila tonu matara i tona tau kua whakaputaina tuhinga e pā ana ki te hōpara ātea, me te tākare tuhituhi te pukapuka e pā ana ki te raruraru o te faaohiparaa o te aorangi. I roto i te pia ma o te rau tau rua tekau, ka kore i rererangi me te nuinga o te iwi i kite! I roto i te tau 1925 ka haere te taitamariki Glushko ki Leningrad ki ako i reira i te whare wānanga, hoki te mohio ko reira tika mo te whakatutukitanga o nga moemoea katoa.

ako Matatini o te ahupūngao me te pāngarau manga! Ae me te whenua i te wa uaua - whakaora te whakamoti e wehingia ana. Otiia e kore e te academician Glushko heke mai amuamu e pā ana ki te kore o te moni, kihai i ia he waka ākonga wetekina ana, a ka mahi i roto i te mahi pūtaiao. Matekai, makariri, me te toenga o te fakamasiva ki tenei whakamārama e raruraru ana ia i te iti. A tino utua reira atu: i roto i te tau 1933 ka Glushko Valentin Petrovich upoko o te tari o te paari rangahau tākirirangi, a toru tetahi tau i muri mai - i te tino kaihoahoa o te engines kōpana.

Atu i te prying kanohi

Mai hanga 1933 seti wai e te kaihoahoa ngingila, tupu te maha o akatuke'anga. Na ka ka whanau ahau te rongonui OPM-65 engine, whakaritea nei ki te tāuta i aerotorpedy rite patu rererangi me te te tauira o missiles hou - me rererangi tākirirangi. I roto i 1938, i te heke mai academician Glushko kua tata ki tona utu pono.

Tona huna, whakataua "mo te auru huna," rite nga Engineers ārahi katoa, me kaihoahoa o te whenua. Tautea ki e waru nga tau i roto i te puni, ka tonoa "i roto i te sharashka" e he CB kati ki te whakahaere rangahau anō. Tuatahi, i roto i Tushino i rererangi tipu № 82, hangaia ai Valentin Petrovich i launchers tākirirangi eke i runga i manureva. Mau tākirirangi pūtaiao, i roto i tona ahua parakore, kei te kore ano i kite i rite te mea whai hua, engari puta ke hohoro mea katoa.

i mua i te wikitoria

tukua Glushko Valentin Petrovich i roto i 1944. ka mau tonu ia tiaki o te mātanga, ranei, pai ki te mea - kapeneti hoahoa motuhake i roto i Kazan, te wahi i whakawhanakehia motors motuhake. I 1946, ko ia i roto i te hunga e kua ako i roto i Germany, te whanaketanga Tiamana i roto i te rohe pere.

Hoki mai i reira ki te whakaaro hou, Glushko i mahi kua i roto i te ului OKB-456 i te wheketere rererangi i roto i Khimki, te wahi i roto i te tau 1948 i reira ko te tuatahi o te RD-100 engine mo te tākirirangi, a ka atu me he tini o ratou mo te momo o ahanoa rere. Glushko Valentin Petrovich, tona haurongo he katoa e hāngai ana ki ngā pūkaha jet, reira ka meinga te rangatira motuhake i roto i to ratou hanga.

Kaiaka

I roto i te 1974 tīmata ia te mahi whakahaere rawa hou, ahu e academician Glushko, - "Energía", i ngā te OKB-456 OKB-1. Kaihoahoa General whakamuri akoranga tukua ki a ia e te kamupene tino. Ko Ko te aha katoa te hōtaka wāhi Russian, tae atu hou, pau tenei tangata ki tata katoa. Ko ia te tangata e hangaia nga engines waka ātea "Te Tai Rāwhiti" - i te rere tuatahi ki te wāhi i mua i te whakatūnga o te teihana i roto i te ohuraa. Te kore reira, to tatou whakatutukitanga wāhi e kua tino rerekē kua. Mahalo kihai ratou i pai ki te waiho i te katoa.

I reira pumau te reira i roto i Odessa tohu o Valentin Glushko, i runga i te huarahi ataahua ano, huaina te ingoa o te tangata "runga-ngaro". A i runga i cosmonauts Alley hoki kua he tohu i roto i Moscow. Heoi, e kore e taea te amuitahiraa tona takoha ki te fatherland. Valentin Petrovich Glushko - Hero o-pāpori Reipa (rua), kua ia rima Ota o Lenin ko Whero reva o Reipa ko Oketopa Revolution, he maha mētara. Ko ia te toa o te Lenin me State Taonga o te USSR.

Korolev

mahi atu OKB-1 ki te kaihoahoa tino tohunga nui, i riro ia i roto i te tari i runga i to ratou ake (whakaaro pehea tenei herehere moku, e taea ai e). Tenei iwi rongonui: Umansky, Zheltukhin, Rau, Coil, Strakhovich, Zhiritsky me te tini ke atu. I roto i te 1942, i te tono o Tumuaki Designer Glushko kē i roto i Kazan i whakawhitia e ia ki te tangata tino rongonui, e patua wāhi.

Glushko Valentin Petrovich me Korolev Sergey Pavlovich tahi whakawhanake i te taputapu tino hōia, i kawea mai wikitoria te whenua. engines Rocket Kua tāuta i runga i Pe-2, a tonu i runga i te tere i 180 km ia haora. I whakamatauria ki te Yak-3, La-7, Su-7. auau o te tupu i faahiahia - ki runga ki te rua rau kiromita ia haora. Ko te kupu, mā te whakamahi i te pūkaha jet wai kua puta ke hangarau whakarau pere rawa.

Whanaungatanga ki te mana

Stalin mua o "fakatau'atāina'i" Glushko ka nekehia atu te whakakitenga i roto i te 1944. Otiia i roto i te ora hoahoa o tenei whakatau e kore i puta ke whakaritea tetahi mea. Ia te tonu, ahakoa o nga kaipuke, ko te tangata o te whakarōpūtia ka kopakia ana i te toenga o te taiepa nui o te mahi auaha e hiahiatia e te me te whenua e rapua e te ngakau, me te wairua. Ko Glushko whakamahia tika tenei tohu Stalinist. tukua e ia te rangatira he rārangi o toru tekau iwi nei i hoki tukua wawe ka waiho mo te mahi i roto i te KB. A pera tonu te meatanga. Te nuinga o enei iwi i maka ratou rota ki te Glushko ake ake.

A mai 1945, whakahe i te whakamutunga hoki ka maha nga tau iwi te matenga o te tari i roto i te Kazan Aviation Institute, te wahi mahi ia i runga i engines jet me te whakarite kaiāwhina tika hoki ia, me tona pokapū. More taa, whakataua inanahi te tākirirangi ako i roto i Germany "no te auru huna" me te tau hawhe (1945-1947 tau), he i runga i te haerenga pakihi. Tohu - pūtaiao tākirirangi German - te kaihoahoa, o te akoranga, maongo. Otiia ano e pā ana ki te hononga i waenganui i te mana me te ope auaha tenei take, rawa, ka mea ahau nui. Ki te Stalin i te Glushko i wha hui tūmataiti roa, i kōrero te tākirirangi motu. ka ui te rangatira pātai atamai, maramarama, tohu.

wāhi

I te 1953 i pōtitia Glushko ki te Academy o Sciences, he mema ōrite, me i 1957, kahore te parururaa i te tuhinga whakawhiwhia hạc ia he toketā. Ko te wa ki te hoatu moe a ratou tamariki. whakawhanakehia Valentin Petrovich he hōtaka whānui o topu teihana orbital, ara whakataunga kaupeka, ki puta tona ringa te marama waka ātea mati. Ia tino mahi i runga i te whanaketanga o Venus ko Mars, whakaritea rerenga ki Asteroids.

A he tokomaha o ana moe, pronesonnyh roto itehia te ora katoa. Ko te whakarewatanga o te pee'utari tuatahi ki te āmio i te ao kua pana te whenua ki te whanaketanga tere o te tākirirangi. Karere ki te whenua ka anga ki te tautoko i te teihana orbital "Mir", "Oha atu" i te waka ātea topu "Soyuz" me kaipuke waka "Fakalakalaka", e te whakawhanakehia Valentin Petrovich Glushko. Otiia kihai i tokomaha i rite na tawhiti.

marama

arahina Glushko te whanaketanga o te teihana kaupeka, e pai kia tonu i reira nga iwi. mahi pouri "ngaro runga" kore e tukua te iwi whānui ki te whakatenatena i tenei whakaaro, a reira, ka muri rōnihi tutuki o te hōtaka kaupeka H-1 i katia, ka pouri ano tangata, engari tino kaihoahoa. A ara e nui e tupu te reira katoa, kihai i ahei te whakamarie ia ia tae noa ki te mutunga. A haere mai i te reira ki te haere? Neke atu i te rima tekau whakarerekētanga engines wai, e e te tono nei ki te whitu tauira o te wāhi me te missiles hōia. Ko reira i raro i tona kaiārahi i engines tākirirangi whakarewahia teihana aunoa ki Mars, Venus me, kua tāutatia ano ratou i runga i te waka ātea topu "Soyuz" me "Te Tai Rāwhiti" te marama, me te nui o tāwhaiwhai marama me āmiorangi hoatu ki te ohuraa ki o ratou awhina!

He waka ātea "Buran", whakawhanakehia i raro i te kaiārahi Glushko, te waka ātea tangohia ngāwari ngā te rererangi i te rauemi wera-paruru hou, i tātaitanga rorohiko ki te o nga mano tekau o tuhi, me ki te pūkaha, te kaha te nuinga o tenei ra - RD-170, Glushko tamaiti, e kore e iti iho, a i roto i ngā huarahi maha pai ki te ara i te "Shuttle"! Ko tino arero te pūrere! Otiia e kore e ... e matomato rakau aporo i runga i Mars, kahore i runga i te marama aroturuki to tatou ara. Kaua e tatari mo Valentine Petrovich. I roto i te 1989, ka mate ia, ko tona ingoa ko International Arorangi Union ingoa te rua i runga i te taha kitea o te marama. Pea tika te tetahi me vlok i te po ki a ia i tenei moemoea nui, me te kaha.

wahine

He tino aroha o Glushko Valentin Petrovich hoki Women. Family na ko matara i anake ia, i roto i te noa'tu o te "muna", Kapo roa i roto i "sharashkas" taehae, me te mahi. Ko te wā tuatahi i Ua faaipoipo ia i iwa, i te ākonga i te University o Leningrad. Ko te waka e kore ko ia tango uta, engari i te mea tino hiakai, he hanga MOONLIGHTING iti o whaitua, te wahi kitea e ia te kotiro Odessa mua Susanna Georgievskaya, he kaituhi heke mai. Eaha tei tupu i waenganui i te tokorua, he aha i whakarerea e ratou, noho he mea ngaro. Ko e mīharo nga huru. I whara Valentin e te Pū. Mea e te take - whāwhā whakaarokore. Aru e te whakarere.

He he he wahine hou ki te marena e kore e meatia e ia - Tamara Sarkisov. Heoi, ko te tamahine a Eugene wa ki te e whanau i. i mataku hopu Glushko Tamara, a kua whakarerea e whanaunga katoa. Na reira, ka whakatika te faingamālie, Glushko i kore hoki mai ai - e kore te mea ngāwari. I roto i Germany, a ia he kaiako i huaina Magda, a i whanau nga tamariki - Yuri ko Elena. Na me kua ia te tahi mea atu, e pā ana ki te mea he puku hītori. ko tino ngā, me te hanga noa iho Glushko tangata, a whiti poto āwheo i runga ia Torotika. Otiia i roto i te 1959, ka ko te kaihoahoa puta rima tekau-tetahi i roto i tona ora Lydia Naryshkin, he kotiro o waru, e mahi i roto i tona CB "Energomash" i roto i Khimki, ki nei noho ia mo te rua tekau-waru nga tau e toe ana, i kawe mai he tama pai.