Āhuatanga o te hanganga o te kiko epithelial. Kiripuaki o te kopa epithelial

Ia momo o te kikokiko kua he plurality o ngā āhuatanga āhuatanga. takoto ratou i roto i nga āhuatanga o te hanganga, he huinga o ähuatanga, te takenga, te āhua o te huarahi whakahou. Hei tohu e taea e enei kopa i te maha o ngā paearu, ko te tino noa mahi morfofunktcionalnaja hononga. he whakarōpū taua o te kikokiko taea hoki te whānui tino me hāngai ana ki te tohu i ia momo. Tei runga i te āhuatanga morphological me mahi te wehewehe i te whai ake ngā momo o te kikokiko: epithelial (te hipoki), musculoskeletal me te uaua arataukai io.

Rawa te hanganga o te kiko epithelial: morphological whānui me tohu mahi

E pā ana te reira ki te epithelium o te rōpū o papanga, wehea whānuitia i roto i te tinana. Ka taea e ratou rerekē i roto i te take, arā, ki te whakawhanake i i te ectoderm, kiriwai kiriroto ranei, a ka mahi i mahi rerekē.

He rārangi o noa āhuatanga morphological me mahi āhuatanga o te kopa epithelial:

1. Kei a ia ko ngā pūtau i huaina pūtau epithelial. I waenganui ia ratou i reira e mohio āputa intermembrane i roto i nei kahore taonga intercellular. Te reira i, i roto i te tahuri, he matatini nadmembranny (glycocalyx). Ko reira i roto i ona pūtau tomo te taonga, a roto ia e ahu i te pūtau kotahi.

2. Pūtau o epithelial e tino mātotoru, e ai te hanganga o ngā paparanga kiko. Ko to ratou aroaro taea te kikokiko ki te mahi i ona mahi. Te ara o ngā pūtau ki tahi i te tahi e taea e rerekē: mā desmosomes, āputa hoapā tata ranei.

3. hononga me epithelial te kopa, e kua whakaritea tetahi ki runga ake i te tahi atu, ka tuwhaina e te membrane basal arā, o pūmua me te warowaihā. Ko tōna matotoru ko 100 nm - 1 micron. Roto epithelia kahore oko toto, a na reira ratou powered diffusely e te membrane whawhe.

4. hoki nga pūtau epithelial āhuatanga e wehenga tawhiti morphofunctional. Ko ratou te basal me pou apical. Ko te karihi o ngā pūtau epithelial kei ofi ange ki te basal, a tata te cytoplasm katoa ko i te apical. He pea tautau o ngä makawe me microvilli.

5. epithelial te kopa e rerekē kaha pai-tautuhi ki te whakaora. E āhuatanga ratou i te aroaro o te kakau, me ngā pūtau rerekëtanga cambium.

huarahi rerekē ki te whakarōpū

I roto i ngā o te kunenga mai o te pūtau epithelial i hanga i mua i te tahi atu pūtau kiko. Ko ratou mahi tuatahi ki te whakawhāititanga o te tinana i te taiao o waho. I te wā nei o te kukuwhatanga o te kiko epithelial i te maha o ngā mahi i roto i te tinana. E ai ki tenei āhuatanga, te wehewehe i enei momo o papanga: integumentary, momi, puha, me ētahi atu secretory. Whakarōpū o te kopa epithelial morphologically ki pūkete te āhua me te maha o ngā papa epithelial i roto i te hanganga. Na, tohatoha kopa epithelial kotahi, me te maha-paparanga.

Āhuatanga o kotahi-apa, epithelia kotahi

Ko te hanganga o te kiko epithelial, e kiia nei ko te-apa kotahi āhuatanga, takoto i roto i te meka e ngā te awa ki o te paparanga kotahi o ngā pūtau. A, no te e te āhuatanga e te hanganga o te teitei taua e e korero e pā ana ki te kotahi-apa kotahi-rarangi epithelium nga pūtau katoa. teitei epithelial ai whakarōpū muri, kia rite ki nei tohu te aroaro i roto i te manureva tinana, pūtoru me te porotakaroa (prismatic) kotahi-rarangi kotahi-apa epithelium.

Single-kahu epithelium squamous o rohe paetata o te pūkahukahu i roto i te romahā (alveoli), aerodynamics repe iti, testes, waenganui kōhao taringa, kiriuhi serous (mesothelium). I hanga i i te kiriwai.

Tetahi wahi localization monolayer e poro aerodynamics epithelium repe me tubules o nga whatukuhu. whanui te tiketike, me te āhua i te taua pūtau, he porotaka nga karihi, me e kei i te pokapū o te pūtau. kia rerekē te takenga.

Tenei momo o kotahi-paparanga kotahi-rarangi epithelial kikokiko rite te porotakaroa (hanga tīwae) epithelium, kei roto i te wahi gastrointestinal, aerodynamics o te repe, aerodynamics kohikohi tākihi. Ko tino nui atu te whanui te teitei o te pūtau. He he takenga rerekē.

Āhuatanga o te kotahi-apa maha-rarangi epithelium ciliated

Ki te hanga te kiko kotahi-apa epithelial he apa o ngā pūtau o tiketike rerekē, ka e korero tatou e pā ana ki maha-rarangi epithelium ciliated. Tenei raina kiko te mata o nga Airways me etahi wahi o te pūnaha whakaputa uri (wahi huero me jajtceprovodov) hanganga āhuatanga o momo kiko epithelial ngā i roto i te meka e ona pūtau kei o ngā momo e toru: intercalary poto, ciliated roa me te kapu. Kua whakaritea katoa o ratou i roto i te paparanga kotahi, engari e kore e pūtau intercalary tae te tapa o runga o te awa ki. A, no te tipu ake, rerekëtanga ki ratou, ka riro ciliated ranei oko. He āhuatanga ko te aroaro o ngā pūtau ciliated i te pou apical o te maha nui o ngä makawe, e taea ki te whakaputa i uku pūtau oko.

Whakarōpū me te hanganga o te epithelium papanga

Ka taea e ngā pūtau epithelial hanga papa maha. E tū ana tetahi i runga i te tahi atu, na reira, i roto i te whakapā tika ki te membrane basement he reira anake i tino hohonu takoto, te kahu basal o ngā pūtau epithelial. Kei te reira i pūtau kakau me te cambial. Ka rite ki te rerekëtanga ki ratou, ka neke waho. Ko te paearu mō te whakarōpū ko te āhua o te pūtau heke mai. Na tohatoha keratinizing squamous papanga, papanga neorogovevayuschy epithelium squamous me te whakawhitinga.

Āhuatanga o papanga epithelium keratinized squamous

I hanga i i te ectoderm. Mai i tenei kikokiko Kei roto kiriwaho, i te mea te kahu mata o te kiri, me te wahi kāpeka o te tōu. E wātea ana e rima ngā papa o ngā pūtau Āhuatanga o te hanganga o tenei momo o te kiko epithelial: te basal, spinous, potakataka nei, pīataata, me te horny.

Ko te paparanga basal ko te rarangi kotahi pūtau porotakaroa roroa. E piri herea ki te membrane basement ratou me te whai i te kaha ki te whakaputa uri. Ko te matotoru o te papanga spinous i 4 ki te 8 rarangi pūtau taratara. I roto i te paparanga potakataka - 2-3 rarangi o ngā pūtau. pūtau epithelial i te āhua papatahi, matua mātotoru. paparanga pīataata - he maha o mate pūtau 2-3. Tata ki te mata o te corneum whāriki, kua titoa o te plurality o rarangi (100) hanga he pūtau mate flat. Tenei unahi horny, i roto i nei i reira ko te keratin keratin.

Ko te mahi o tenei kikokiko ko ki te tiaki i te kopa hohonu ki kino waho.

āhuatanga hanganga o te papanga neorogovevayuschy epithelium squamous

I hanga i i te ectoderm. I roto i nga wahi o localization ko te taupoki io, kōhao-waha, pū kai, me te wahi o te puku o te tahi mau momo kararehe. E toru papa: basal, koikoi, me te flat. Te kahu basal i roto i te whakapā atu ki te membrane basement ngā o ngā pūtau prismatic he karihi nui porotītaha ahua neke ki te pou apical. Ko te pūtau o tenei paparanga, tiritiri, tīmata atu ki runga. Ko te kupu, kahore e mau ana ratou i roto i te whakapā atu ki te membrane basement me haere ki te paparanga koikoi. He maha ngā paparanga o ngā pūtau o te āhua Tapamaha kōhikohiko, me he karihi porotītaha tenei. riro kahu koikoi te mata - apa papatahi o te matotoru o te 2-3 pūtau.

epithelium tauwhirowhiro

Whakarōpū o te kopa epithelial whakarato hoki te epithelium tauwhirowhiro pera-ka karanga i hanga i te kiriwai. Localization - papatoiake tākihi, awa mimi me te tōngāmimi. He tino rerekē i roto i te hanganga e toru ngā paparanga o ngā pūtau (basal, takawaenga, me paninga). Hoki paparanga basal āhuatanga e te aroaro o ngā pūtau cambial iti o ngā āhua rerekē e takoto ana i runga i te membrane basal. He marama me te nui nga pūtau paparanga takawaenga, ka taea e kia rerekē te maha o ngā rārangi. Tei te reira i runga i te āhua o ki tonu i te tinana te. E ara nui nga pūtau apa paninga, kua āhuatanga ratou e otaota maha, polyploidy ranei, he ahei o te tuku i te hūpē, i ārai mata hanganga i whakapā kino ki mimi.

epithelium glandular

i oti kiripuaki kiko epithelial kahore te whakaahuatanga o te hanganga me te mahi o te epithelium glandular pera-ka karanga. Kei te wehea whānuitia ana tēnei momo o te kikokiko i roto i te tinana, e taea ana ki te whakaputa i a te huna hoki matū motuhake ona pūtau - ngaro. Te rahi, te āhua, te hanga pūtau glandular ko tino kanorau, rite te hanganga me ngaro ite taa'e.

Ko te tukanga i nei ngaro e hanga e feunga puta matatini i roto i te maha o ngā wāhanga, me te te karanga a huringa secretory.

Āhuatanga o te hanganga o te kiko epithelial titoa o ngā pūtau glandular, e tika ana matua ki tona whakaaro. No te mea i hanga tenei momo o te papanga te tinana, te mahi matua o e ka hei te whakatupuranga ngaro. huaina ēnei whekau repe.