Āhuatanga taiao me ratou pānga i runga i kaiao ora

Abiotic āhuatanga taiao whakaritea e te tikanga huarere me te oneone, me te wai.

whakarōpū

He maha ngā whakarōpū o ngā āhuatanga abiotic. Ko tētahi o te rongonui tino tuwhaina e ratou ki enei wāhanga:

• āhuatanga tinana (marama, pāmahana, te pēhanga barometric, haumākū);
• āhuatanga matū (hanganga kōhauhau, kohuke me te mea organic i roto i te oneone, te pH o te oneone, me ētahi atu)
• āhuatanga pūkaha (hau, horo, nekehanga wai, me te oneone, nga whenua, me ētahi atu).

āhuatanga taiao Abiotic tino pā te tohatoha o ngā momo me te whakatau i to ratou wāhi noho, i.e. wāhi matawhenua, e ko te noho o ngā kaiao.

pāmahana

homai ngā faufaa te pāmahana, hei wähanga faufaa. Tei runga i te pāmahana, he āhuatanga taiao abiotic rerekē rohe waiariki, e kua e pā ana ki te ora o kaiao i roto i te natura. Ko tenei - makariri, e pehi, pārūrū me rohe pārū. huaina te pāmahana i te mea pai mo te ora o kaiao te tino arotau. Tata ki te katoa ngā taea o noho i roto i te whānui i 0 ° - 50 ° C.

Tei runga i te kaha o kaiao ora ki te tīariari i roto i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana rerekē, Whakaröpütia ratou rite:

• kaiao eurythermic taunga ki te tikanga o rerekē pāmahana tere;
• kaiao stenothermal te tīariari i roto i te whānuitanga pāmahana kuiti.

Eurythermic kitea kaiao e ora te nuinga te wahi kaha te āhuarangi continental. E taea ki te tu atu rerekē nui pāmahana (Diptera torongū, huakita, pükohu, kutukutu) enei rauropi. kia hinga ētahi rauropi eurythermal ki te āhua o te moetanga, ki te te "inäianei" tauwehe pāmahana. Pākia i roto i te āhua taua te tino heke (hiako, pea et al.).

Ka taea e kaiao Stenothermal e rua i roto i ngā tipu me ngā kararehe. Hei tauira, ora te nuinga o kararehe moana i pāmahana ki runga ki te 30 ° C.

I wehea te kararehe i roto i to ratou kaha ki te mau tonu to ratou ake ture pāmahana, arā, he pāmahana tinana tamau, i te poikilothermic pera-ka karanga, me te homeothermic. Ko te mua taea te huri tona pāmahana, i te wahi tuarua, ko reira tamau tonu. kararehe katoa, me etahi manu he kararehe homeothermic. Hei poikilothermic ngā kaiao katoa anake mo etahi momo o manu me whāngote. E tata ki ambient pāmahana pāmahana tinana. I roto i te akoranga o te kukuwhatanga o te kararehe, no ki homoiothermal, urutau ki te tiaki ia ratou i te matao (moetanga, hekenga, huruhuru, me ētahi atu).

marama

āhuatanga taiao Abiotic - he reira marama, me tona kaha. He nui rawa hoki photosynthesizing otaota tōna faufaa. I runga i te taumata o te ahotakakame pānga te kaha o te radiation solar, te hanganga kounga o te marama, te tohatoha wa o te marama. Heoi, nga huakita mohiotia me harore e taea te tā i te wa roa i roto i te pouri. E wehea Plants ki te marama-'ofa, teplovynoslivye me wera-te here.

He tokomaha hoki kararehe roa ra nui, e pā mahi fakasekisualé mā te whakanui ake i te reira i roto i nga ra roa, me te whakatupu kino ki poto photoperiod (ngahuru hotoke ranei).

haumākū

Haumākū Ko te take matatini, me te tohu i te nui o te kohu wai i roto i te rangi, me te wai i roto i te oneone. Ko te taumata haumākū tei runga i te tümanako ora o ngā pūtau, a, aua, me te tinana katoa. I te oneone awenga makuku ua, hōhonu wai o tupu i roto i te oneone, me te tahi atu tikanga. hiahiatia makuku te hoki tātau kohuke.

āhuatanga Abiotic o te taiao wai

e kore e hoki iho i roto i te faufaa ki āhuatanga tinana āhuatanga Chemical. tūranga Big no ki te hau hanganga o te kōhauhau, me te te hanganga o te reo waikanaetanga. Me hāora, me etahi rauropi Tata ki te katoa rauropi - hauota, hauwai pūngāwhā me te mewaro.

Tinana āhuatanga abiotic o te taiao, ko te wahi o te hau, i te mea tino nui hoki nga mea ora te e noho i te taiao rōwai. I roto i nga wai o te Moana Black, hei tauira, he rota o hauwai sulfide, e aha whakaaro nei te poka ki te kia kore rawa pai mō kaiao maha. Salinity - he wāhanga nui o te taiao rōwai. Te nuinga o ngā kararehe moana e noho ana i roto i nga wai tote, iti - i roto i te wai hou, a tae noa iti - i roto i te wai paku te tūpuhi. Te tohatoha me te uri o te kararehe moana pāngia e te kaha ki te mau tonu te hanganga tote o te taiao ā-.