Akoranga o te tātari pakihi o tona ihirangi me ngā whāinga

Heoi, ina koa i roto i te rau tau whakamutunga i roto i to tatou whenua, tenei tātaritanga o mahi ohaoha kihai i paingia o te hinonga. nui wāhi ana tēnei ki te tukanga i roto i te ōhanga, ka kore te whanaketanga o hinonga meinga i te mākete noa, me te whakaritea ngā tukanga i te ōhanga whakahau. Na reira, Kaute nuinga tahuri ki te ahua o te huānga o te mana i runga i te hinonga.

Heoi, ko te tiango o te kāwanatanga Soviet kua arahina maha economists ki te titiro faahou i tauira ōhanga mō te whenua katoa, me te hinonga kotahi. Ko te aha i roto i nga 90 o rau whakamutunga, te pūtea mahi ohaoha , atu āta, puta o te hinonga te tukatuka o nga hua rite tetahi o nga taputapu mo te whakapai ake me te arotautanga o ngā tukanga whakaputa me te vahi whakahaere. i roto i enei tau, timata i te reira ki te hanga i te huarahi tuatahi, te whakaaro o te mea ki te hanganga me te tukatuka raraunga, e taea ai te tātaritanga o ngā mahi ohaoha o te hinonga. I roto i tenei take, hoatu i roto i te wahi tuatahi mua kaute (toenga), rite i runga i taua mea e taea te mahi me te pehea, ki te whakahou pai i roto i te ao o te hanga me te whakahaere.

I roto i te hauauru, i te wa ano arahina e te wā pērā i "tātari ōhanga", engari te tikanga o te wā me te mahi tūturu i roto i te ako rerekē mārika i i ia atu. I roto i te meka, te tauira Western, te ariā o e ngā tātaritanga o hinonga pakihi whakawhirinaki atu i runga i "ariā ōhanga", i te mea whai hua te nuinga hoki whakaahuatia tenei whakaaro i roto i te mau papai o kaituhi pērā i Schumpeter, Samuelson.

Ko whakamārama te pūtaiao tātari motu te ariā o "tātari ohaoha" (tātari o te mahi ohaoha o te hinonga) ki te whānuitanga he whaiti i te hauauru. Ko te pūtake mō tenei tātaritanga ko te AD mahi Sheremet, SB Barngolts, MI Bakanova, S.K.Tatura. I te ngakau o te tātari motu o atu riirii ko te whakamahi o ngā tikanga me ngā tūāhua o tātaitanga i roto i te tātari i te taumata hinonga me i te policy- pera-ka karanga tauira ōhanga. Ko te aha tenei momo o te tātaritanga kua he maha o ngā rerekētanga i te tikanga tikanga me ngā puka i roto i te ao. Tuatahi, e hāngai ana tenei tātaritanga te i runga i te kaha e wātea ana, me te whakapae e mahi i roto i te ōhanga pū whakamaheretia, ka whai wāhi te hautanga iti ki nga tikanga ōhanga mākete free, me te tūturu. Kei te whakahaere te reira i roto i te āhuatanga ki muri.

I roto i te tātari kāinga o tohu o mahi ohaoha o te hinonga kua wehea ki e rua ngā rōpū matua: nga hua o te pukupuku, me tohu o te mahi, me te he tohu tauwehe deterministic.

Tenei huarahi ki te tātaritanga kau kore tata na nui mahi pūtea, i whakaritea e o te nui ki te whakaputa i te natura rerekē (ki te mata o te tirohanga o te kaikaute ranei kaiwhakahaere pūtea) ngā āhuatanga o te mahi i roto i te hinonga.

I roto i te tikanga e e hanga i te ako o te tātari pakihi taimaha atu pūtaiao i whakaingoatia toutou ia i raro i te taua mea rite "tātari ohaoha". I roto i te aamu o to tatou ahua i whakamana te utu taua rua. Ko te wā tuatahi i hoki i roto i te 70 o o rau whakamutunga, me te tuarua kua i roto i te 90 te wā. I roto i tenei take, ki te te wā tuatahi puta he wāriutanga taua i roto i te ōkawa pono, tika ki te taumata ingoa. Kua pa te rua te wa taua he anō me nga rire o te ako. Ko te nuinga e tika ana ki te tukanga tango wahi i roto i te ōhanga o te wa i ngā mo te hanganga o te tauira ōhanga ki te mana ki te ōhanga mākete tenei. Na reira, e ahurei ki te ōhanga mākete etahi ariā, mātātoa whakatinana i roto i to tatou tauira ōhanga.