Andrey Ivanovich Shtakenshneyder - Architect: haurongo, mahi i roto i te St Petersburg me Peterhof

Stackenschneider - kaihoahoa, ko tona ingoa ko maheni ki te iwi maha i roto i Russia, a ki waho. Ngā mihi ki tenei tangata pūmanawa hangaia i maha whare kingi, whare, me ētahi atu urupa ahurea o St Petersburg me Peterhof. Ko te tangata faahiahia whakaahua tatou i roto i tenei whakaputanga tenei.

kaihoahoa Kōhungahunga

Fanauhia i Shtakenshneyder Andrey Ivanovich 22 Pepuere 1802 i runga i te rohe o te marohirohi Russian Empire. Ruau o te kaihoahoa heke mai ko te Māori o tetahi o nga pa nui rawa i roto i te raki o Germany - Braunschweig. Ko ia he ariki rongonui, taea ki te whakaputa i te whānuitanga o ngā tūemi i te kiri kararehe tūturu. A, no te tae te rongo o tona pūkenga te Russian Hiha Paora, i karangatia e ia ki te whakapaipai. I muri, ua faaoti toku papa ruau ki noho i roto i Russia. marena ia a i whanau papa, Andrei Ivanovich.

whanau Andrew ia i roto i nga taiepa o te pāmu a te whānau, i reira noho i mua te utuafare katoa Shtakenshnejdera. Tata katoa o tona tamarikitanga pau he kaihoahoa iti i te mira, te wahi mahi tona papa. A, no te nga rangatira o te tau o 13 heke mai, i tonoa e ia ki te ako i te Imperial Academy o Toi. Heoi, e tika ana ki te meka i te taranata motuhake e kore ia whakakitea, i muri tohu mātauranga, i tāutuhia e ia nga mahi komiti me ngā hanganga waipēhi. Ko reira e to tatou kaihoahoa Stackenschneider mahi ia mo te ia, e pupuri ana i te tūranga o te whakaīngoatia noa.

He momo o ngā mahi ngaio

I muri tau e wha o te mahi kia rite ki te whakaīngoatia to tatou hero riro te tuku moni e tika ana ki i ka ia he mahi hou. Tenei wa tūmanakohia e ia te tūranga o te kaihoahoa-kaipeita.

Na ka ia i runga i te hanga o te Cathedral o St. Ihaka, arahina e te kōmihana motuhake i runga i te hanga. Here whakanuia e ia ia kia rite ki te kaihoahoa pūmanawa. Stackenschneider i muri purepure e tetahi kaihanga rongonui me te kaihoahoa Anri Lui Auguste Richard. Ko ia te tangata e karangatia to tatou hero ki te mahi i runga i te Winter Palace.

Unu i mahi, me te mahi tūmataiti

I te tahi vahi, ua faaoti te kaihoahoa Stackenschneider e te reira te wā ki te whai wāhi i roto i te mahi tūmataiti. I roto i te tīmatanga o 1831 rihaina ia i te Komihana, a ki te pai nui mahi i roto i te hanga tūmataiti. Ko tētahi o te motuhake tuatahi o tona mahi ko te hoahoa o te whare ducal. no te whenua ki AH Benkendorf.

Kia to tatou hero pai te tāia ki ki te mahi i roto i te mua o ia, ka korerotia Earl e pā ana ki reira ki te kingi. Ka rite ki te hua, i karangatia kaihoahoa pūmanawa ki tetahi o nga whare taonga o St Petersburg. Stackenschneider wāhi tata riro tonu o Nicholas I.

Piki, ka anga ia ki te riro whakahau takitahi i te Hiha. Na etahi wa i muri ka reira ngā anake te kaihoahoa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hanga i kore anake te whenua nui, engari te rangatira, whare kingi. A pera ko reira tika ki runga ki te mate o te kaihoahoa. mahi ia mo te wa roa, me te hangaia te taonga kingi me tangata fana'o, riro te taitara hōnore o te kaihoahoa whaiaro o te whare o tona Kuini.

tohu Tuatahi me te ako ki waho

Ki te whakapono koe te mōhiohio i te haurongo, tuatahi riro Stackenschneider āhukahuka i roto i 1834. I taua wa, mahi ia i runga i te kaupapa "te whare iti o te Hiha," mo e riro te taitara whaihua o te academician.

Heoi, ahakoa tenei, ua to tatou hero ia tino kore wheako. I te wa ano whakahaere ia ki te riro i te tautoko o te Hiha, me i te karaati kāwanatanga ki te haere ki waho ki te ako. Na, tae mai ia Ingarangi, France me Italy. A, ka hoki mai i te māngai o te St Petersburg Academy o Toi riro te taitara hōnore o ahorangi o te tohu tuarua.

Mahi i runga i te Mariinsky Palace

I roto i tona ora hangaia Andrey, a hanga ana nga whare o rerekē whīwhiwhi. i taea e ki te haere ki Moscow, te Crimea, St Petersburg, Novgorod, Taganrog, Peterhof me ara Tsarskoye selo ia. I roto i enei wahi katoa e tino pai te mahi i te reira, a mahi. Fakaangá tino whakamoemiti tana mahi, a korerorero e pā ana ki te āhuatanga, me te tino i te kāhua manapori wa ano. Ko tētahi o nga whare tino nehenehe e i taea tonu ki te hanga i te kaihoahoa, ko te Mariinsky Palace.

Tenei whare, kei runga i Square te ataahua St. a Ihaka, hangaia to matou aito i roto i te tau 1839. oti te hanga o te whare i roto i te tau 1844. I te mea whare me whare hanga Stackenschneider haunga tenei hanganga, i te mea i tēnei wā te noho o te St Petersburg Ture Assembly, whakaahua tatou i raro.

Ētahi atu mahi faahiahia o te kaituhi nui

Ngā mihi ki tona ngakau uiui me te whakaaro nui, hanga to tatou hero Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace i St Petersburg. Kia mahara, ko te whare ahurei i roto i te kāhua neo-Baroque tenei, i hanga i waenganui i 1846 me 1848.

I roto i nga mahi maha o te kaihoahoa rongonui taea te kite kore whare anake, engari ano hoki hōhipera o nga tamariki, fare pureraa, kāinga noho raumati me te tokomaha atu. Hei tauira, i te timatanga o 1835 ka whakatauira reira a ka hanga he pātū mohiotia kiriata kaiwhakaari tūmataiti Zhenesa. Rite kotahi tau i muri mai, i mahi matou hero i runga i te hanga o te rohe tapa tāone mō Alyona Zvantsova. A i roto i te 1834, hanga ana e ia te whare whenua MI Mordvinova.

whare nui i roto i Peterhof

ka Peterhof tata me te pa ano tetahi wahi nui mo te faaururaa o to tatou ariki. Tenei te kaha mahi ia i runga i te mahere o pāka taiao nehenehe: mara, me te Kolonistskogo.

Na ka whakaaro ia e pā ana ki te tahi mau āhuatanga o te park Kolonistskogo wehe. Ko te kupu, nona matou kaituhi huahua o e rua teneti: HOLGUIN ko Caricino. Te mea faahiahia, i hanga te ti'ahapa HOLGUIN i te tikanga o Emperor Nicholas ahau me i te honore o tona tamahine. ko tona ingoa Olga. Ko te hanga rawa o te pourewa, ano he Neapolitan, wāhanga kohuki i tona turanga i raro i te wai.

i hanga Caricino teneti taua tino rite ki te tono o te wahine o Hiha Alexandra Feodorovna. Tona waho tohu ko ia atu rite te tawhito whare Roma tawhito, nui atu i te hanga puāwaitanga o Nicholas I.

teneti nui i roto i ngā pāka

ngā Andrey me rua atu teneti i roto i te momona Lugovoy Park. Ko tētahi o ratou - Pink ti'ahapa, te "Ozerki" ranei. E ai ki fakaangá, ko ia te hanganga pokapū o te tāruru katoa. ka anga tōna hanganga i roto i 1845-m, a mutu - i roto i 1848. Ko te tuarua - te Belvedere, ko te whare e rua-papa hangaia o poraka ofa'i tika nui.

I te timatanga o 1727, tīmata to matou aito te hanga o te whare me te papa ensemble i tona dacha Emperor Pita II. Na ka hanga e te Tokotoru Tapu te Ekalesia i raro i te arata'iraa o te kaihoahoa, te whare, orangery me te whare mo te kari i roto i te whare, me te papa ensemble o te rau tau XIX. Next ko he whare i roto i Znamenka, Farm Palace me te Niniiraa Lion. Mā konei e mīharo whakaahua tatou i raro.

atamira ahurei i roto i te whare, me te papa ensemble o Peterhof

I roto i te hoahoa o te kaihoahoa rongonui Lower Park tono te parau tumu o te hanga i te puna hūkere. I whakapono te reira i e, i roto i tenei ara, te hanga i te whare i roto i te papa, ka kia kīnaki reira e te wāhi mīharo o te kararehe. I roto i tenei take, tuatahi mahi i runga i te kaupapa pai-mohiotia kaihoahoa Italian Nikolo Miketti. Otiia ki tona whakaaro kati te mowhiti Niniiraa i roto i te Faa Hermitage me kua kore i hoatu ki mahi.

I waenganui i te tau kua tino waihanga 1854-1857 te wā kaupapa. Tenei wa mo tona turanga ka mau te kaupapa AI Shtakenshnejdera. E ai ki te raraunga tuatahi, kua riro te reira hua nui rahi poka wai tuatahi, me te tāpiri tīwae 14, te teitei o ia o nei i 8 m.

I waenganui i nga pou 12 hoki tāuta peihana mapere i rawe ki. Mai i te huānga whakapaipai tawhito faaoti te kaituhi ki te waiho mascarones (whakapakoko kōmeke o kararehe pohewa) me whika nui o raiona, i te mangai o e hi'o ïa i te jet wai. I roto i te waenganui o te Pahiona tīwae whakapakoko te puau ei mingimingi "nymph Aganipa". Tangata katoa e kite i tenei wā, whakaahuatia ana e ia kia rite ki te tahi mea ataahua mīharo, tino me i te wa taua fantastic.

He kupu ruarua e pā ana ki te ora te taata iho o te kaihoahoa

e kore Emergency kaihoahoa mahi i te ārai ia, ka whakapumautia tona ora whaiaro. Te riroraa i i te tihi o tona mahi meteoric, te kaituhi o maha mahi tutaki te wahine, i hinga tonu i roto i te aroha. Ko Maria Fedorovna Halchinskaya.

Etahi wa i muri mai, i muri i noho tahi 8 tamariki i te tokorua. Ko reira taa'eraa e katoa o ratou, ki te kahore hoki te teina Zenaida, e mate i roto i te tamarikitanga, ka tuakiri pai-mohiotia. Hei tauira, ka anga te kaihoahoa Elena tamahine i roto i tona tamarikitanga ririhau ki te tuhituhi i ana tohinoa. I muri mai, ka whakatuwheratia e ara ia i te Salon tuhituhi. Tama o te kaihoahoa Nikolai wa roa noho i roto i Petersburg. pai ia ki te utu, ko aroha o toi hoahoanga, a tae noa hanga he whare i roto i Kharkiv.

puta tetahi atu tama a Andrei Ivanovich Alexander i akoranga whare tapere, a ka tetahi o nga kaitoi tino o te Imperial Theatre. Heoi, he taua tangata pūmanawa rite Stackenschneider, i reira i te tahi atu tamariki nei kihai i horo'ai tona ora ki te toi.

Hei tauira, tika ko tana tama Adrian tenei. I puta ia haere ia ki te mahi i roto i te tari o te kaumatua. A iti i muri mai, oho ia ki Kiev, kua noho hoki te maha o nga tau i roto i te Odessa, te wahi arahina e ia te Kooti o te Ture. heke ano Tama Vladimir ki te ture. pai tamahine Maria ko Olga, a haere ana ki te ora ki waho.

ka ora Memory ake

Kua roa kua mate Andrei Ivanovich. ka mate ia i te timatanga o Akuhata 1865. I te wa o te mate o ana tau 63. Ko te maharatanga ki a ia ora i runga i roto i te ngakau, me hinengaro o to tatou hoa tangata. A ka haere tonu tana fakatupu nui ki te oranga ngakau tūruhi me kāinga.