Aquifer. Ko te hohonu o te aquifer

Aquifer pae ranei - he torutoru papa o toka he uruhanga tiketike. Kei te ki tonu o ratou kōputaputa, kapiti atu feāvaaki ranei ki manawa whenua.

ariā General

kia hanga i maha ngā aquifers pūnaha aquifer, ki te he tūhonohono ratou hydraulically. Whakamahia mō te supply wai i roto i te ngahere, irrigation o nurseries ngahere i roto i te mahi ohaoha. A, no te puta koe ki te mata, ka taea e waiho e ratou he puna o mākū rohe. kia whai wāhi ana tēnei ki te hanganga o repo raro me tauwhirowhiro.

uruhanga

huru no te aquifer e te uruhanga o kamaka. Tei Water uruhanga i runga i te rahi me te maha o nga kapiti hono, kōputaputa, me te te pire toka kōmaka. Ka taea te rerekē te hohonu o te aquifer i 4.2 m ( "ka noho") me ki runga ki te 30-50 m (wai kōhatu).

Ki te kamaka pai permeable he:

• kirikiri;
• pōhatu;
• onepu pokepoke,;
• puai toka whati, me te Karst.

nekehanga wai

Ko te take mo te nekehanga o te wai i roto i te kōputaputa taea e rave rahi:

• te kaha o te mahara;
• upoko waipēhi;
• ope capillary;
• ope capillary-osmotic;
• kaha adsorption;
• rōnaki pāmahana.

Tei runga i te hanganga arowhenua o te kamaka aquifer taea e isotropic i roto i te pā ana ki te filtration, arā. E. uruhanga i tetahi ahunga o te taua. Ka taea e toka e anisotropic, i roto i nei take e āhuatanga ratou e te huringa ōrite i roto i te uruhanga i roto i ngā tohutohu katoa.

Ko te hohonu o te aquifers i roto i te rohe Moscow

Puta noa i te rohe o te rohe Moscow o hōhonu tepu wai raro rerekē, pera hoki te haratau o ona wehea ki rohe hydrological. He maha ngā wāhi wai-amo:

• rohe Southern. Ka taea e te taumata wai kia i roto i te whānuitanga 10-70 m. te hohonu o te puna i roto i tenei rohe awhe i 40 m ki te 120 m.
• rohe ki te Tonga-hauauru. pae te wai he rerekē profusion. Ko te hohonu toharite o puna he 50 m.
• Central District. Ko te reira i te rohe nui o te tapawha. Ia, i roto i te tahuri, kua wehea ki nui, me te Iti. Ko te matotoru toharite o te pae, ko te 30 m. Nga wai konei pākawa waro, pākawa waro-ngāwhā.
• rohe Eastern. Ko te hohonu o te aquifer i roto i tenei rohe ko te 20-50 mita. Water, fele, kaha mineralized, na te wai taea.
• rohe Klin-Dmitrov. Kei a ia ko e rua pae pākawa waro runga: Gzhel ko Kasimovsky.
• Täingäwai District. Ko te hohonu toharite o te aquifer ko 25 mita.

Ko te whakamārama whānui o te rohe tenei. He ako taipitopito o aquifers, tukinotia wai āhua apa, tona kaha, te auau rere motuhake, te kiato hohenga me te rite. D.

E tano ia tapao e te hydrogeology o te Moscow Region tukuna tetahi pūnaha aquifer, kua wehea nei ki te maha Horizons o putunga waro Paleozoic:

• myachkovskogo Podolsko apa waro waenganui;
• Serpukhovskoy aquifer ko Oka raro ngā waro;
• Kashirsky aquifer waro tuarua;
• apa waro runga Kasimovsky;
• Gzhel waro aquifer runga.

Ētahi aquifers e iti waiwai wai me te ihirangi kohuke tiketike, na e kore e tika ana mō ngā mahi te tangata ratou.

He whanaunga kaha mōrahi ki ētahi atu aquifer Aquifer Serpukhovskoy Oka me raro ngā waro - 60-70 mita.

Ka taea e Moscow-Podolsky aquifer tae te mōrahi o te 45 mita i roto i te hohonu, he rite ki te 25 mita tona kaha toharite.

Me pēhea te ki te whakatau i te hohonu o te aquifer

aquifer Sandy - .. Ingoa herenga, arā, ki te pae kia ngā o kirikiri, onepu i konatunatua ki te kirikiri. A ani i rerekē aquifers mana onepu, rerekē hoki ratou hohonu.

Ki te whakaaro tatou te hydrogeology o te rohe Moscow me ngā wāhi pātata, ka taea e tatou te mea ki te tino e taea te kitea i te wai raro i te hohonu o 3-5 mita, i runga i te tiketike whanaunga o te wāhi ako rānei. Ko ti'aturi i runga i ngā āhuatanga hydrological o tata hoki te hohonu o te aquifer: awa, roto, repo.

Tata ki te apa mata e kīia ki rite "ka noho". e kore te Ko tōna whakamahi wai tūtohutia i roto i te kai, t. K. te mana o tenei paparanga he tika ki te ua, te hukarere rewa, a na i runga i. G., Na konei e taea ngāwari te tiki poke kino. E mea pinepine, Heoi, ko te wai "ka noho" e whakamahia i roto i te whare, a ka karanga i reira noa "tukanga wai".

te wai tātari He pai he i te hohonu o 8-10 mita. I te hohonu o te 30 mita e kei te pera-ka karanga "wai kohuke", mo te hanga o e kua hangaia boreholes.

Hei whakatau i te aroaro me te hohonu o te aquifer runga ko ngā ngāwari. He maha ngā huarahi rongonui: e te tikanga o te tokotoko i te anga whakarewa ranei, te whakamahi i te oko paru, he tikanga o te mātakitaki i te otaota tipu i runga i te rohe.