Botanical Garden i Saint-Petersburg: whakaahua, utu me te hōtaka

Botanical Garden i St Petersburg - tetahi o nga wahi tino rongonui i roto i te pa, i ona mātanga me te whakapehapeha. I tēnei wā, ka karanga ia ko te Botanical Garden o te Botanical Institute o te V. L. Komarova , Russian Academy o Sciences, a mua i whakawhiwhia e ia te taitara o Imperial Botanical Garden.

Tenei kokonga o te āhua tohoakii tika i aroha o te pupuri me te otaota. Ko tōna manuhiri - noho me manuhiri. Botanical Garden - he mea hanga ahurei e whakakotahi tiaki ngawari me te mahi o te iwi, me te ataahua o te natura pua.

kōrero

I whakaturia Botanical Garden i St Petersburg e Pita e ahau i roto i 1713 rite te kaiwhakaranu e Garden, e tika ki te tupu otaota me otaota whakamahia i roto i te rongoā. I tū te reira i runga i te motu pango, i muri i whakaingoatia te kaiwhakaranu. I āta nui haere te rohe, kei te inaianei reira hipokina te kari hou neke atu i te 16 heketea. Botanical Garden i St Petersburg mai te wa o tona tīmatanga mahi tata ki te momo o ngā rōpū hauora, pūtaiao, me te mātauranga, me hinonga o te whenua, mau te reira kauwhau mō ngā ākonga whare wānanga, ko te whakaaturanga, me haere arahina mō kōhungahunga tamariki.

I te timatanga o te rau tau XIX i te reira i roto i te huru rawakore, ko te tipu iti - anake e pā ana ki 1,500 momo, mahi e rua anake wehenga - huaota me te hauora. I te 1823 ka whakaritea e te kari ki te whakaingoa i te Imperial, na timata mahi i runga i tona whakariterite anō me te whakapai ake. I tua atu, i ki waho tuhituhia ki te tipu hou, hanga ano ka toe langa whare, rohe faahanahanahia. He wahi iti i muri mai ka haere mai tetahi whare taonga me te whare pukapuka. Kua Botanical Garden i St Petersburg kua whakamahia hoki hauora me te hauora kore anake, engari ano hoki ngā mahi rangahau. I te mutunga o te rau tau XIX, hanga tona tokotoko he ope ki te whenua mo nga tauira tipu, kua riro nga whāinga pūtaiao matua.

I te timatanga o te rau tau XX te Botanical Garden i St. Petersburg, puritia i te Academy o Pūtaiao o te USSR, ka hanga mahi te Botanical Institute i roto i tona whanaketanga me te whakaruru. Ano, kua whānui ngā mahi rangahau. whai wāhi USSR kaimahi pūtaiao i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā āhuatanga e tika ana mō ngā tipu rerekē, raruraru o tupu me te kumanu,. I roto i te pakanga i tukua e te kari i te poma, a tukua parekura nui. Tata i ngaro te kohinga katoa tipu, rawa onge momo pārūrū o tipu, rākau, puawai hothouse, me te ake. I roto i te wa o te whawhai kua pakaru te kōhua me otaota wera-aroha katoa ngatangatá ngaro. Tiaki whakahaere ki momo i te torutoru noa e kua whakaorangia e kaimahi: kua kawea wā onge i roto i roto i te fare i mahue ranei i roto i te kōtuhi iti, e te mahana i te oumu. I muri i te whawhai, te kari āta faaho'ihia mai. O te akoranga, ka mau te reira i te wa roa, me te utu o te kaha nui o te kaimahi katoa me te iwi tau'a noa.

Tari o te Botanical Garden

Hoki te mahi angitu atu o ngā mahi katoa kawea atu i roto i te kari huaota e wehea ki tari rerekē, me te poi o te mahi. Botanical Garden i St Petersburg - te reira te park kore anake, engari ano hoki i te torutoru greenhouses e tipu hakari o te āhuarangi pārūrū me pārū, Arboretum - Garden whakapehapeha, i reira e rave rahi mano momo o rakau, kohikohinga herbarium, arā, o rau o herbals, hanga e te pūtaiao-ata ki runga ki mō ngā tau e maha.

Ko te kari kua ona ake whare taonga, te wahi whakaaturanga o nga mano o te tipu onge, me te matatoka. whakaaturanga Museum whakakiia noa nei, whai wāhi reira maha pūtaiao, ōmataora i tau rerekē, whika rangatira o te pūtaiao me te huaota. Ko te maha o ngā tūemi e nui ake 80,000! He neke atu i te 600 mahi te whare pukapuka. hanga haapiiraa evanelia Botanical Garden mō te wā.Tuarua purapura me tangohanga i ngā tipu tāwāhi me te puawai. Kua koiora Laboratory kua rangahau i te āhuatanga o ngā tipu. Mai 1901, timata i te Botanical Garden ki te whakaputa i ona ake hautaka. e rave rahi taime ke tona ingoa i, engari i roto i te 1933 faaoti ki hanumi ki te whakaputanga o "Botanical Journal o te USSR." I muri mai, i te mutunga i huaina e ia "Botanical Magazine".

FYI

E puritia Various whakaaturanga me ngā tau-a tawhio noa, engari ki runga ki te wa rānei e tū i roto i te tari rerekē. Tirohia te Botanical Garden i St. Petersburg, ka taea e puta noa i te tau, a i roto i te wa katoa e waiho e koe i te reira i te mana'o hohonu. Ko breathtaking i te mano o ngā tipu whaipua, onge me tāwāhi Summer. I roto i te ngahuru dazzles park te ataahua o rau tae, whakapaipai mahi Conservatory i roto i te hotoke. E patua ana haere Mātauranga te haerenga ki te aratohu i roto i te papa rēhia me greenhouses, Lolá, taea anake e koe te haere ki te papa i roto i te wā i Mei ki Oketopa.

ngā haerenga

rōpū haerenga e hanga e e te haaputuputuraa o te 15 iwi - he reira watea hoki manuhiri. Ka taea e koe te pukapuka haere i roto i te mua. Ko te rongonui tino o ratou - "Plants o nga rohe pārūrū o te whenua", "Plants rohe pārū o te whenua," "Haere i runga i te Arboretum" i Palm Whare me te kōtuhi Water. Botanical Garden (St Petersburg) - he whakaahua o ngā manuhiri e mataitai i te fakangalongata'a me a Tūrongo i roto i to ratou ataahua me te kororia o te tipu me te puawai.

Mahi wā me te utu

Botanical Garden (St. Petersburg) mahi e whitu nga ra i te wiki, i 11 ki te 16 haora. Ko te okotahi anake ko Mane. He wahapu o te tipu whenua tuwhera ki 10 ki te 18 haora whakatuwheratia Botanical Garden (Saint-Petersburg). utu tīkiti whakawhirinaki i runga i te whakaaro o te haerenga: he haere i roto i te papa utu 40 moni mo te tīkiti pakeke, te tomokanga ki te Conservatory - 220 moni. Whakaahua me te shooting ataata, rawa, utua, i 90 moni me te teitei.

Ētahi o ngā kohinga me haerenga

Mai i tōna tīmatanga, te Botanical Garden kapi ratou kohikohinga anake ki nga whenua ke - hokona purapura me tipu i roto i Ingarangi, Germany, Holland. Timata i te 1830, whakahaeretia e ngā haerenga motuhake o pūtaiao i roto i te Caucasus, te rohe o Kapiana, Baku, Kamchatka ki kapi nga kohikohinga kari, me te ki te whakatairanga i ngā mahi rangahau. Mai i ngā haerenga ki waho kawea otaota i te motu o Saint Helena, Rio de Janeiro, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Brazil.

Kua whai wāhi Botanical Garden i te taputapu o ratou ake misioni kore anake, engari misioni o te tahi atu kamupene me ngā rōpū. I tua atu, i kawea mai ki konei nga otaota maha haere noa - ki te hiwi o te Tien Petehana, Issyk-kul, i roto i te rohe Ussuri.

Ko tētahi o te tipu i riro hou, e whakamanamana i te kari huaota - here, kawemai i Japan. Ko te mahere mō te heke mai e tata ana ki te waihanga i tētahi ahurei Alley Sakura.