Chudakov Aleksandr Pavlovich: haurongo, auaha me te ngā meka

Chudakov Aleksandr Pavlovich - tetahi o nga wetereo tino ngā, fakaangá tuhituhi me kaituhi o te Soviet Union, te whai o nga iho o philology mātauranga.

Te nuinga o tona mahi tuhituhi, Alexander Pavlovich whakatapua mahi o Antona Pavlovicha Chehova. mahue tona matenga ohorere maha pātai me mahi oti.

Family me te mātauranga

Waho i te reira i te pakeke 1938. whanau Alexander Pavlovich i roto i te utuafare hinengaro i roto i te pa iti o Shchuchinsk i Northern katatānga (ka te Kazakh Soviet pāpori Republic). Ehara i te mea hinengaro noa te utuafare, kaiako me te whānau - tetahi o te torutoru i roto i katoa te pa. Ahakoa o te tūranga puritia, tona hapu maha tōraro korero e pā ana ki te mahi o te kāwanatanga Soviet me e pā ana ki te ārahitanga o Stalin. Heoi, i te tāpiritanga o tūkunga pai, kua kore i mau matua whiua mea ïa no te mea o te meka e ko tata anake te kaiako i roto i te pa iti o Kazakh ranei.

Heoi, ki te wa tino ngā tīmata i roto i 1955, ka tae Chudakov Aleksandr Pavlovich i Moscow, me i te nganatanga tuatahi tae i te Philological Faculty o Moscow State University. Mai i te tīmatanga, ka tomo ia ki nga ākonga runga rima o te akoranga, ka tu i roto i, me tona kāhua ahurei o te whakamārama, me te whakaaro faahiahia.

I ako i MSU, maheni he uluaki Alexander Pavlovich ki te wahine rawa ngā - Marietta Khan-Magomedova, i marena i muri, ka noho tona ora katoa.

ara auaha

E whā tau i muri mai, i muri i tu'ite i wānanga, me te kura puta, timata Chudakov Aleksandr Pavlovich mahi i te Institute o te Ao Literature. I tua atu, i whakaako ia i te Moscow State University, Institute o Literature, State Russian Humanitarian University. I muri mai, i karangatia e ia ki te kauwhau i ārahi whare wānanga i roto i Europe, USA ko Ahia.

Te riroraa i te whakakapi o te iho o philology mātauranga, whakanohoia Alexander Pavlovich faufaa i runga i te reo me te kupu, ka tamata ki te pupuri i te tuku iho, te reo Russian kaha, e kore te whakakapinga mō ngā ariā kōrero.

Chudakov Aleksandr, nei i tapahia he mea pa whakarere poto haurongo, kua whakaputaina ake atu i te 200 ngā tuhinga, monograph me rangahau i runga i tuhinga Russian. I roto i ngā, nui o tona mahi i oti rawa ia A. P. Chehovu. Tona mahi rongonui o 1971, "Ko te Poetics o Chekhov o" meinga rawa he pororaru i te ao o philology, a riro nga ngakau o rua fakaangá me kairangahau.

I tua atu, i te tikanga o te tuhinga ako whiti o Pushkin ka whakatapua he ako katoa i runga i "piwa kara" Evgeniya Onegina.

Kōrero ki te nui

"Interlocutor nui" - na maha huaina Alexander Pavlovich. Ko te no te mea i matau te philologist mo ana ngā pūkete e whakaponohia, me te whakahaere wairua wana ki te fakaangá tuhituhi nui o te rau tau 20. Sergei Bondi, Lydia Ginzburg, Victor Shklovsky, Yuri Tynyanov - ko te rārangi pahara o hoa tuhituhi tenei. I roto i tona ora kawea e ia he pukapuka i roto i nei ki te tuhituhi katoa whakaaro, kōrero, kōrero me faahitiraa parau o philosopho rongonui.

Te mahi i roto i Seoul, tukua Chudakov Aleksandr Pavlovich mahi "Rongo. ahau ako ahau. ui ahau. E toru kōrero ". Ko tenei whakaputaina he pukapuka onge i putanga o tika 10 kape. whakaata te reira i te kōrero me ngā whakaaro tuhituhi, tīmata ki te 20, me te mutu ki te 70-mi o te rau tau XX.

"Lies uhia ki runga ki te atamira tawhito"

Kei te pai mohiotia reira mo tona pūrākau - haamana'oraa o te tamarikitanga, me nga ora o tona hapu i roto i te katatānga. Ko reira horoa te kaituhi te huru Chekhovian e taea e kua tiaki kua i roto i tona hapu.

Tenei pukapuka - te mau haamana'oraa e kore anake o te utuafare, me te tamarikitanga haamana'oraa o tenei wā, te iwi ki te rakau o te varua teitei. i taea ki te hinga katoa me ki te ora i roto i te rerekē, ao tauhou o te whakaraua o te pa iti ratou. Kia inaianei ki te hanga i te whare ratou pūkenga i, hoatu te oumu, me te tupu hua ki te whangai ia ratou.

Chudakov Aleksandr Pavlovich, biography nei tino hoatu ki te tuhinga Russian, tuhituhi e ia he idyll pukapuka. I whakaputaina te reira i roto i te buka aamu "Banner" i roto i te 2000, tohua hoki te Booker paraihe me kua riro te tohu "Russian tekau tau Booker" i muri i te matenga o te kaituhi i roto i 2011. I muri e rua nga tau, te whare whakaputa "Wā" whakaputaina he pukapuka i roto i te 5000 kape wehe. I roto i tenei pūrākau hokona atu i roto i te torutoru ra tuatahi.

Ruau Alexander Pavlovich

Ko te wahi matua o te pukapuka e te koroua, he tauira o e ko te koroua o Alexander Pavlovich. I tetahi wa ko ia he tohunga, me te orometua i te wa ano. Kua takoha Life ia ki maturuturu mea katoa, me te haere tahi i tou utuafare ki te pa iti i runga i te rohe o Siberia me Kazakhstan. I roto i te reira honoa e ia te whakapakoko o te kaiahuwhenua Russian kaha, me te hinengaro hohonu i te wa ano.

E i ia he pānga maere i runga i Chudakov fakatāutaha me auaha. haamana'o ana hoa, rite te kaituhi, mahi i te whare i roto i te kainga i te pae tino haere ara ki te tuhituhi i to ratou tuhinga. Ko te whakawhetai ki tona koroua faaoti te kaituhi rongonui ki te tuhituhi i te hītori "mātāpunenga o te ora Russian."

'ulungaanga whaiaro

hoa tata me hoa, ko Aleksandr Pavlovich Chudakov he tangata marohirohi i roto i te ora, me te i roto i te mahi. I roto i te 60 tau, i taea e haere ia ki te kauwhau, a ki te aroaro o taua kaukau i roto i te moana, me te pārekareka ki te tūmomo.

Ka rite ki te tangata marohirohi, i taea e ia hei te kaipara pai. Leonid Meshkov, rongonui kaikauhoe Soviet me te kaiako, whakahere Chudakov ngaio haere kauhoe, engari kua noho pono ki te ao o te pene me te kupu te fakaanga tuhituhi.

E taua faahiahia ki te tangata faahiahia ko Alexander Chudakov biography ...

pukapuka

Books Chudakov - katoa tenei "āhuatanga o te ora Russian." whakaahua ana te reira i te mahi o hoa tuhituhi me hoa. Liveliness, te mana'o maitai me te pūngao whakaponohia ngā ki te whakaaro pai, me te whakaaro mātauranga. Ka rite ki te ohaoha, me te tangata o te humanism tiketike, kitea Eccentrics ratou mau mana'o i roto i te mahi. Ko te ihirangi o te nuinga o ana tuhinga, me te mahi i te rota ki te mea tika e pā ana ki te haurongo o te faaino. Ko pono te reira i te tangata ora, ki te tikanga o te whakakatakata, mohio pehea ki te kitea te tino i roto i tetahi, ara meka rawa rerehua.

Aue, me te tuku iho auaha

Oketopa 3, 2005 i te huru heahea, me te rerekē mate Chudakov Aleksandr Pavlovich. Meinga o te mate - nui whara roro pāmamae. Ko ia 69 tau, a kihai i ora i te marama torutoru ki whitu ia. puta te aituā i te tomokanga o te whare i reira i noho te kaituhi. I runga i te tauranga kaitahu marama umanga i roto. Cranks ake nga kaupae, paheke ia, ka hinga. Nā ki te hinga nui i tukua e ia matenga, a ko e te take o te mate.

E rave rahi o hono to'utangatá, hoa me te iwi tata mea e ko te reira tika te mate materoto, rite i te kaituhi kua he rota o whakaaro auaha, me te mahere e kore i a ia wa ki te whakatinana. Ko tētahi o ēnei mahi - he kohinga o kōrero me ngā uiuinga ki te runga ake nui philologists, philosopho me te whakaaro o te rau tau 20. E whakaaro tonu Eccentrics ki kia kotahi o nga tohunga pai i runga i nga mahi o A. P. Chehova.

meka ngā

I roto i tona ora, ka eke Alexander Pavlovich ki ngā āhuatanga rorirori. I roto i te waenganui-eighties, i roto i Amsterdam ki aku hoa, tae mai Eccentrics ākonga karapu tuhituhi. I reira, ako tetahi o nga ākonga Tatimana e i roto i mua o ia ia - te fakaangá tuhituhi rongonui, ka haere mai mohio i runga i Chekhov ki te ohorere mohoao me ahuareka. Kitea rawatia ake whakaekea ia Chudakov hikareti Hemp. Ka rite ki mohio e te Alexander Pavlovich, ko reira ka e ua ite ia e te rongonui, me te aroha e maha, ka rite ki nga fakaangá huihuinga ākonga noa.

He aha ta ratou e mea e pā ana ki te mahi o te kaituhituhi me te philologist, Alexander Chudakov, arotake? Quotations i ana mahi, te whakawa i nga pou i runga i Ngā Huinga i runga i ngā kaupapa e hāngai ana, rite tokomaha. Heoi, e kore te mea poitirere tenei. Ratou mooni î ki tikanga taumauri me te whakakatakata. Iwi nei i mohio Alexander Pavlovich ia fakamamafai e mohio ia he rota o ngā kōrero, me te taea whakangahau tetahi kata pai kōrero ranei i te ora o kaituhi rongonui. I te pae hopea e hoatu e matou te tahi mau faahitiraa parau i te makau i tokomaha "Lies uhia ki runga ki te atamira tawhito" o te pūrākau. Mahalo te tai'oraa enei ki tonu o auraa hohonu o te parau e hiahia ana koe ki te kia maheni ki te mahi o te Kaituhiwaiata faahiahia ofi ka titiro i roto i te mau api o te tahi atu, e kore e iti iho ngā o ana mahi. Na:

• "Me tatou tiaki i te konä o hou tangata tere tipu fakaaoao o mea, tae, i te ao nohopuku-te huri rawa."
• "Faitotonu Poverty - rawakore tonu ki runga ki etahi rohe. Here he rawakore. Whakamataku - i te tamarikitanga. e kore e morare pinono. "
• "Ko whiu koroua rua, ahau e kore patunga tou matenga, me te - e kore e kihi i runga i te po. Ko te tuarua te kino; i reira tona koroua kotahi tono, karanga Anton noa waenganui po. "
• "... te mea te reira ui Khrushchev te peresideni o Finland, whai ratou ki te tahuti nei. Ka mea ia: "I te roa rite ōrau kotahi rau" ".
• "Titi i roto i te matenga, me te tahi atu mau faahitiraa Babkiny - pea e tika ana ki etahi o ratou maere. - Ka rite ki nga rangatira, i mohio ia mahi tarai. - Ka rite ki aristocrats pono katoa, pai ia kai kuware: hupa, Buckwheat pāreti ... ".
• "Dedov i ohie ōhanga tōrangapū: kei te pahua i te kāwanatanga tukunga katoa. Ehara i te mea mārama ki a ia i reira ko tetahi anake: kei hea he mea he wahine ".