Dowels Punga: momo, tono, GOST

I tēnei wā e kore e taea te mea i kore te hanga whakahoutanga ranei kahore te whakamahi o toromoka pērā i punga toko. Tēnei wāhanga konganuku e whiria nei, whakatakotoria paraharaha ki te poka rite i roto i te turanga mārō ranei.

Enei toromoka e rite nui he wahi i roto i te mahi hanga, me te hanga, pērā i whao pokekore ranei. he fonu ki ngā momo rerekē o taua wāhanga te mākete. He aha te mea he punga, i ngā momo he reira me te wahi ki te tono?

He hītori iti

punga punga Tuatahi i whakaaro, ka arai i te kaipūkaha D. Rawlings i 1913. A i 1958, tona tauira German Artur Fisher whakaaro nairona ringaringa mo taua toromoka. I mua ki taua whakamahia rakau "Chopyk".

He aha te mea he kēmu?

whakamaoritia te punga ko i German rite "punga." Tenei huānga putanga, hoahoa nei ki te pupuri i tetahi whakaaro i roto i te turanga tautoko. Whakatika o punga i roto i te whenua puta tika ki roha o te wahi waho, na roto i te kopikopiko tonu tanumia ki reira dowels raka ranei ranei. whakarato taua āhuatanga te hononga kounga pono, me te teitei. E taea e ki te hanga i te kawenga tino nui ratou.

Ko te toko punga (GOST 28778-90) tito te o rua nga wahi. Tenei Atahanga Atahanga ranei nga wahi. Kei te mahi i te tuatahi. E faarahi te reira i roto i plugging tea ranei a reira āta putanga pono. Hoki te punga toko he soté e ārai rumaki ki te poka. Ka taea e te reira countersunk, ki te whai i te āhua rerekē: a tawhio porotakaroa ranei.

Types me whakarōpū o punga

rerekē fakamau toromoka i whakaaro, momo o tāutanga, rauemi ahumahi. Ko te tino māmā te whakarōpū. Ko te kupu, e wehea nga kōhao punga tikanga ki e rua momo. Tuatahi - tenei whakarite i runga i te pūtake o:

• Hoki ngā rauemi rau (kahupapa, OSB, GCR, papa maramara). Taua dowels Kei te paingia mohiotia rite "pūrerehua" no te mea o ratou āhua motuhake. kēmu fakamau peheé tika ana mō whakapuru whakaaro marama i runga i te taiepa tuwhera. Hoki whakatika o waihanga taimaha o rauemi whārangi me te whakamahi i te punga ki te miro waho. E whiria huānga Active ki ngā rau GCR me atu humarie mau tetahi hanganga.
• Hoki turanga maiengi pūtau ranei. He pereki tuwhera, poraka tuwhera, pahuka i, etc enei .. e hanga o rauemi kirihou ngohengohe ēnei dowels. he wahi elongated o te Atahanga i ratou.
• Hoki ngā rauemi mātotoru te tāroaroa. ngā raima, pereki, kohatu, me te pera i runga i enei. Ka taea te hanga momo N. o toromoka mo taua turanga e rua i whakarewa me i kirihou. E ratou he roa, e kore wahi o te Atahanga.

Ki te whakaaro ki te whakaaro mo te whakamahi, i runga i taua mea, taonga taratahi, anga me dowels paruru. huānga Ngā taa'eraa mō rauemi mātao wera, kaihanga i te hāngai e kīia ratou ki rite "harore". E hanga ēnei momo o toromoka o kirihou. E ratou he pōtae whānui, hangaia ki te hono i te papa mātao ki te tïpako. E elongated Mua me anga kōhao, e kore wahi o te Atahanga. E hangaia ratou hoki whakapuru o ngā hanganga taimaha. Tuku, te tikanga o te whakarewa.

rauemi o te Construction

I roto i te hanga hangarau o fakamau dowels kia whakamahia ai ngā momo o rauemi. Otiia maha te reira maitai ranei te tahi atu alloys, me kirihou (nairona, polypropylene, me ētahi atu). Ka rite ki te tikanga, kei te whakamahia te whakarewa toko punga mō te whakapuru whakaaro taimaha, e ka tonu ki te kawe i te kawenga. E nehenehe te reira i te matapihi, he tatau ranei i nga mea timatanga o ngā pūnaha paruru, me te ngā huānga hoahoa. E whakamahia punga Steel mō te whakatika i ngā huānga o te turanga. E hanga ana ratou o koranu rino, a ka taea e te tu kawenga taimaha.

E whakamahia dowels punga kirihou mō te whakapuru whakaaro mama. Tenei momo o ngā i te kōtaha mō GCR. Punga ki kōhao nairona kua kitea ano ratou motuhake i roto i te taiao motu. Hei tauira, kei te whakamahia e ratou mo turanga putanga me te ngā āhuatanga o te hoahoa, peita, aho rinena me taura. I roto i taua toromoka whakakapi pōtae matau, mowhiti, me ētahi atu āhuatanga mō ngā take rerekē. I te wa ano e whakamahia te kōhao kirihou mō turanga tuwhera pūtau ranei.

Ngā momo o punga i te momo o te tāutanga

He rerekē ratou:

1. Mortgage. toromoka Punga, e hangaia nei hoki kawenga taimaha. Mounted i roto i te anga o te whare taiepa ranei i roto i te tukanga o tona hanganga.
2. Atahanga. Whakatika whakaminenga whakarewa, i te hangaia hoki mō kawenga taimaha. Popular i roto i te hanga, oti, me te mahi hanga. Eke e tika ana ki ope waku whakapumautia i roto i te huānga hanga (ringaringa circlip ranei) pakaru i te kaupapa paneke o te tutaki.
3. Poro. Tëtahi nga wahi ki te turanga. He he tokotoko maitai ki te wahi Atahanga: sleeve, taper shank me te nati.
4. Maturuturu. I roto i taua dowels whakamahia he titi ki te kāniwha motuhake, e ārai te hokinga mai o tona putanga.
5. Tāpare. Kei te whakamahia toko punga pērā mō te hononga kirihou me papa rakau. Tenei tamauraa mori ki te ahua motuhake o te ahua o te matenga, e taea equalizing hanganga tautoko ki te turanga.

Na roto i-whakapuru tikanga

he pai hoki whakatika huānga hanganga he tikanga taua, ina haere te punga i roto i te "tinana" rauemi dockable. Me waiho Taipitopito mō tenei tukanga iti (poto) wahi o te Atahanga. Me kï reira e me ū te tāutanga haere-i roto i ki te ture motuhake. Me kia Anchor plug roa nui ki 2/3 o te mea i te raro, a 1/3 - i roto i te hanganga tinana. Te kore, he tikanga taua he tāutanga hauarea.

tikanga ekeeke hukihuki

Tenei whakatinanatanga tā te plug whakatika ki te kōwae turanga i runga i te roa katoa. Tāutanga o toromoka i hanga i roto i te rua i mua-tāne. ka waiho tona diameter te diameter o te toko. Length - 3-5 roa mm. Ko te tika tenei tawhē ki te whakarite i taua puehu me te tītipi, i hanga nei i roto i te poka kōhao, kihai i ārai katoa kōhao rumaki ki reira.