Elena Chukovskaia: biography, te ora te taata iho, te utuafare, tangihanga

riro Elena Tsezarevna Chukovskaia rongo rite te aivanaa me te kēmihi. I tākiekina tona ora i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, anō, me ētahi atu wā kanapa matatini i roto i te hītori Russian.

valevalé

August 6, 1931 i roto i te hapu o Hiha Volpe me Lidii Korneevny Chukovskoy tamahine, i huaina Helen. He tau torutoru i muri i te whanautanga o whakarerea ona matua, marenatia tata tonu tona whaea he Matveya Bronshteyna.

whanau Elena i roto i Leningrad. Heoi, i roto i te kōhungahunga pau ia i roto i tenei pa wa iti. I roto i 1937, te ahupūngao Soviet, i mauheretia, mahi ana i te kupu te mate i muri i te tamataraa poto. Ko te kaupapa here o te rōpū i te faatere i roto i te whakapai i te tangata nei i kitea he o te whakatau i te taea o te hopu me te whanaunga, i roto i tenei take i te whaea Helena. Ko te tumu ua faaoti Lidiya Korneevna Chukovskaya ki te waiho Leningrad, a haere ana ki te ora i te wa o tona papa Korney Chukovsky.

Life i roto i Tashkent

I roto i te pakanga Elena Tsezarevna ki tona whaea i whakatahia tata tonu reira ki Tashkent. Fakataha ki a ratou, a ka eke whanaunga.

studentship

Ko te ahunga matua o te mahi ngaio Elena whiriwhiri matū me i muri i te whawhai i roto i te 1948 ka tomo ia ki te Faculty o Matū i te State Institute i Moscow. I tenei wāhi, tana koroua mahi i runga i te maramataka tuhinga "Chukokkala" aha i roto i te mate tauturu ia te mokopuna.

E papa ruau Ua tauturu te rota rawa o mana i runga i te heke mai o te fakaangá tuhituhi. I roto i tona rātaka whaiaro tuhia Korney Chukovsky e He pai te whakaritenga tana mootua tamahine, me te mārama wehe te pai i te kino.

mahi ngaio

I muri i 6 tau o whakangungu Elena Chukovskaya, tona hapu i haere i roto i nga wa pakeke, puta ia i te whare wānanga i roto i te 1954. Tata tonu, tangohia ia i runga i te mahi i te Institute o Organoelement pūhui, i reira mahi ia tae noa ki 1987 Rangahau.

Puta noa i te wā katoa o ia whakakitea ia rite te kēmihi pūmanawa. I raro i te aronga o Robert H. Freidlin Chukovskaia i 1962 ka awhina ia tona tuhinga, ki te whiwhi o te tohu pūtaiao o kaitono o sciences matū.

kua i roto i kua tuhituhia te akoranga o te whanaketanga mahi e rave rahi pepa pūtaiao e pā ana ki te matū waro, ka Helen he tahi-kaituhi o te pepa.

Ko te kōwhiringa o te Faculty o Matū

I roto i tetahi o ona uiuiraa korerotia Elena Chukovskaya pehea ko te kēmihi. E ai ki a ia, ko te nuinga kōpeka te whiriwhiri. I hono ia ki te meka i oti te kura i roto i te 1949 - he wa e wehingia ana mo nga humanities. Kua kore i whakaputaina he rota rawa o nga raruraru i ite e tona whaea, me te koroua, te hunga i peia i nga wahi katoa, me a ratou mahi. ue'i enei tūkunga ki tīpako tona tono mahi.

Hoki Elena mahi o tona papa ruau "Chukokkala" kua riro te reira i te ora-kope pono. Ko reira i muri i te matenga o te kaituhi, me te tupu o te maramataka kua ui reira te whare whakaputa "Art", ka timata taka mo ki te hua tā. I tenei wa, ka reira he mahi tuhituhi tino: te kēmihi e te tikanga i ngā ki te mahi ki ngā kōnae me ngā kōrero, mahi hanga. I roto i tenei wā tutaki ia ki a Solzhenitsyn. Etahi wa i muri te raupatu o ngā pūranga noho Aleksandr Isaevich i tuatahi i roto i te whenua, a ka i roto i Chukovsky fare.

Ka taea te huaina He meka ngā e ka ora tona koroua e kore Elena Chukovskaia whai wāhi i roto i tona take. I muri te tuku i te pūranga kua oti rawa ia tona ora i muri mai i tona tiaki me te whakaputa. he rota rawa o te wheako i whiwhi i roto i papai i te wa o te whaiaro whakaputa-a tohatoha mahi Solzhenitsyn e noho i roto i Ryazan. Ahakoa i raro i te riri o te puke, me te pana o mahi whakaputaina puku a hetia wehea i roto i te pane, me te tahi atu pa o te USSR.

ngohe tuhi

Ahakoa te ngākau nui i roto i te ako matū, me te he mahi ngaio kaha Elena Chukovskaia utu nui aro ki te tuhinga. Ka rite ki i tuhia i mua, ara i roto i te tamarikitanga, kua awe reira toku koroua, i hanga e ia Elena aroha o tuhinga o momo rerekē.

I muri hoko 'o maheni ki Solzhenitsyn me ana mahi o Elena Chukovskaia tīmata ki te hoatu ki a ia he ahua rerekē o āwhina. Hei kōrero, ka anga ratou i roto i te tīmatanga o nga 1960, ka haere tonu tae noa i muri i te pana o Solzhenitsyn i te Soviet Union.

Solzhenitsyn e pā ana ki Elena Tsezarevne Chukovskaia

I roto i tona tuhinga "Te Oak me te Kuao" Solzhenitsyn i roto i te wāhanga motuhake i huaina "tangata e kitea" korerotia e pā ana ki te āwhina i te iwi rerekē i roto i te wa uaua. I roto i tenei wāhanga, atu e pā ana ki tona whakahaere ki Elena i te wa e noho ana i roto i te Soviet Union i raro i te riri o te puke reira ta.

Ka rite ki te kēmihi angitu, Elena Chukovskaia, nei haurongo kore kua ngāwari, me te kapua, kōhanga Whakapāho, whakaritea hui ki te iwi tika uiuihia kaiwhakaatu ngā mo te publicity o ngā mahi ture o te kāwanatanga ki Solzhenitsyn, nene'i rima buka mō te 3 tau. E ai ki te kaituhi, ko ia hinengaro rite mo tona hopu, e taea e pānga i runga i te katoa o tona porohita tata o hoa, otiia e kore e he wehi o te tetahi mea. I roto i te kaupapa o te hopu i ia ara mateuteu ki te tikanga i roto i te tetahi kaupapa here whanonga, i hāngai i runga i te meka e te mea matua - e kore ki te e raruraru i roto i te whakaaturanga, me te kore i hiahia ki te whakakahore i te reira. I roto i te tuhinga roa, ka tuhia te reira e i roto i te take o te puke o Elena rite ratou tikanga o te take e tohu ki te whakatairanga tuhinga Russian.

Ka taea te huaina He meka ngā aha e ratou i runga i te kore maha kaupapa i whakaae, engari ahakoa tenei Chukovskaia i āwhina Solzhenitsyn ki taea te whānuitanga.

Mate K. I. Chukovskogo

mate KI Chukovsky i 1968. pūranga katoa tika me mahi tuhituhi riro e tona tamahine me te mokopuna. Heoi, ahakoa te whakawhitinga o ngā tika, ko te rota o raruraru mo nga kainga te whakaputanga o "Chukokkala", i uru i roto i te tuhituhi o Elena i roto i nga tau ākonga. tukua te putanga tuatahi i roto i 1979, a anake i roto i te mutunga o o te 90 Almanac hoki anō a roto te taatoaraa.

roa te hītori o te pakanga mo te whakaputanga mō ngā tau e maha. I whakatapua tenei tuhinga wā "Rōpū i runga i Chukokkala". whakaata te reira i ara te iwi e karapotia te kaituhi i roto i ona tau whakamutunga o tona ora, tamata ki wero te matau o te maramataka me te whakatau ki te kawe a ratou mahi Chukovskogo tamahine ki tona te mokopuna.

Whare-Museum o Korney Chukovsky

I roto i te Peredelkino, te wahi i noho ia i te kaituhi o "Chukokkala" i hanga e te te kāinga-taonga whakatapua ki tona ora, me te mahi. I te wa o te mate, me te muri e kore nga mana i whakarongo ki te hiahia o te iwi ki te tiaki i te auahatanga me te kaituhi kōrero, engari tona mootua tamahine, me te tamahine hoatu he rota o te kaha ki te whakatuwhera me te mau tonu i te whare taonga. Ko inaianei ia, i muri i, tonu te mate o tona tamahine ki te mahi.

Ko te kaiarahi tuatahi rino, me te mootua tamahine Clara Israelevna Lozovskaya - hēkeretari whaiaro ki te kaituhi.

I roto i te 1996, mate te whaea Elena Tsezarevny Chukovskaia. I muri i te mate a ia, ka anga ia mahi i runga i tona pūranga me te tānga pepa. I roto i na mahi, e tauturu te reira ki zh. O. Havkina.

Publications Elena Tsezarevny Chukovskaia

Ko te mahi tino rongonui, i timata te whakaputa i roto i 1974, e whai ake:

1. "Hoki ki Solzhenitsyn USSR tangata whenua no Roma". tukua Edition i roto i 1988. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te hononga whaiaro ki te kaituhi, te aromatawai o tona huru me te outlook.
2. Kohikohinga o ngā tuhinga e pā ana ki Solzhenitsyn, i i tuhituhia i roto i te mahi tahi ki a Vladimir Gloritserom. Ko te kohinga "kitea e te kupu ona ara" tukua i roto i te 1998.
3. Memories o Boris Pasternak (1988).

Ka rite ki tuhia i mua, Chukovskaia he ora nui tākiekina kōrero ki Solzhenitsyn. Ka kitea tēnei i roto i tona mahi auaha.

Te nuinga o te wa i roto i nga tau whakamutunga o tona ora i oti rawa ia te faaineineraa me whakaputanga o nga mahi e i tuhituhia e tona whaea, me te koroua. Ko tōna huru faatura ki te kōnae meinga te whakaputanga o taua mahi rite "Te Whare o te Poet", "pīhono", "Diary" Korney Chukovsky, me te reta whaiaro papa me te tamahine, nana nei i mahi ki te mahi auaha.

I whakaputaina te reira i te rota o ngā pepa, i te mea he kōrero ki te mahi a to ratou teina. I roto i te tikanga ki te mahino etahi o nga mahi, he mea e tika ana ki te mohio te mea i ratou tuhituhia i roto i te wā o te ora.

Elena Chukovskaia: te aroha ora

I runga i te ora whaiaro o Elena Tsezarevny Chukovskaia mohiotia tata kahore te. uiuinga katoa i hoatu e ia i roto i nga tau whakamutunga o tona ora i pā ana anake ki a ia ngā mahi tuhituhi. Elena Tsezarevna Chukovskaia ora whaiaro hipokina nei e te arai o te muna, i muri i te matenga o tona koroua me te whaea nga mana katoa haumi i roto i te hangaia anō o te pūranga utuafare. anake tatou e mohio e kore nga tamariki e kore e marenatia mana ia i haere mai i roto i.

Elena Chukovskaia: tangihanga

Elena Tsezarevna haere atu January 3, 2015 i roto i Moscow i 83 th tau o te ora. I tanumia te reira i roto i te urupā Peredelkino, e tata ana nga urupa o tona whaea, tupuna me te koroua. hinga Poroporoaki i runga i te hararei Siu Kirihimete, whakaritea he hui i i te Whare o te Russian Diaspora. Ahakoa ki Solzhenitsyn Elena kihai i whakaae i runga i ngā take e pā ana ki te whakapono. Pea na, no te mea ranei o nga Feasts kahore e pupuri tangihanga hahi.