Existentialist - he kaupapa o te existentialism ...

Philosophy o te oraraa e te wahi motuhake i roto i te whanaketanga taketake o te rau tau 20. Ahu reira hei whakamātau ki te hanga i te tahi mea hou, rerekē i te whakaaro o te whakawhanake i te tangata hou. E ti'a ia tatou ia ite e tata tetahi o nga whakaaro e kore i whakapau ki te existentialist. Ko te tata ki tenei ariā ko Sartre nei tamata ki te whakakotahi tahi te matauranga katoa i roto i tona mahi tika "Existentialism - . He Humanism" Me pēhea te ki te whakamāori i te ariā o "haere noa" philosopho existentialist? Pānuitia raro.

Whakaaetanga rite te kaupapa motuhake o te existentialism

I te mutunga o te Heoi iwi i ite i te wā motuhake. Ko te tangata i titiro rite te ahanoa matua o kaupapa, engari ka mau te reira i te aronga hou mo te whakaata o te ara hītori hou, e taea e whakaata i te āhuatanga i haere i roto i Europa i muri i te whawhai, te kimi ratou i roto i te raruraru aronganui. Kua puta ake tenei hiahia e tika ana ki te ite i te mau hopearaa o te hōia, heke ōhanga, tōrangapū me te morare. Existentialist - he tangata e whakaata ana i te pānga o fakatamaki hītori, me te titiro hoki he wahi i roto i to ratou whakangaromanga. I roto i Europe, existentialism au rawa ake ka rite ki te rapunga whakaaro ko te ahua o ngā ahurea huatau. Tenei tūranga ko te iwi i pā irrationalism.

History o te wā

Ko te hiranga hītori o te wā iho rā hoki ki te 1931, ka Karl Jaspers whakaurua te ariā o te kaupapa existential. tuku ia ki reira i roto i tona mahi tika "te āhuatanga pae varua o te wā." Te philosopho Danish Kierkegaard ingoa i Jaspers kaiwhakarewa nāianei ka whakaritea ai he ara etahi o te tangata. He kaimātai hinengaro pai-mohiotia me hinengaro existential R. Haratua i kite reira hoki rite hei kaupapa ahurea e hopu ana i te hihiko aronganui me te wairua hohonu i roto i te wairua o te tupuraa o te huru. whakaatu te reira i te hoê taime hinengaro i roto i nei i te tangata, ko te minutely whakapuaki te mau fifi ahurei, ki nei kua ia ki te kanohi.

Ko te ihirangi o te whakaako

philosopho Existentialist faateitei i te takenga mai o tana mau haapiiraa ki Kierkegaard me Nietzsche. whakaata te ariā nga raruraru o nga Rīpera o te raruraru, e whakawhirinaki i runga i runga o hangarau te ahunga whakamua, engari e kore e taea e ki te tāutu i te kupu ora kerekere ano iu. Riro mau mana'o aronganui upooti'araa tamau: te mana'o o te i roto i te hepohepo, me te hepohepo. Ngako kaupapa existential he taua pā ana ki te rationality, e faaite ake i roto i te tauhohe ritenga. Nga kaiwhakatū me kau muimui tohe aronga o wehewehe i te ao ki te whāinga me te taha tuakiri. Kua kitea faaiteraa katoa o te ora hei ahanoa. Existentialist - Ko te tangata e kite mea katoa, e hāngai ana i runga i te kotahitanga o te whakaaro tuakiri, me te whāinga. Ko te whakaaro taketake: te tangata ko te aha whakatau ia ki te kia i roto i tenei ao.

Me pēhea te ki te matau koe

whakahere Existentialists ia ite i te tangata kia rite ki te kaupapa, e tahuri i roto i te āhuatanga tino. Hei tauira, ki te wheako wehi mate i tūponotanga tiketike. Ko reira i roto i tenei wā o te mōhiotanga ao riro tata ki te tangata mariko. whakaaro ratou ia ara i te pono o te mohio ki. Ko te ara matua ki te haere ki tetahi atu ao he pūmanawa.

Me pēhea te ki te whakamāori i te ariā o "haere noa" philosopho existentialist

He wahi motuhake ko te kaupapa o te existentialism, e whakarite te waihanga me te otinga o te raruraru o te haere noa. kite ratou i te reira rite te whiriwhiri tino o te tangata i te miriona taea. mea Kaupapa me kararehe kahore haere noa, no te mea ratou tīmatanga i te faufaa. Hoki te tangata i homai te he ora ki te tūhura i te reira, a ki te matau i te tikanga o to ratou oraraa. Na reira, he takitahi whaitake kawenga mō ia mahi mahi hoki, me te kore e taea te hanga noa te hape, tautāwhi etahi huru. philosopho Existentialist whakapono Kei te whanake tonu te iwi te kaupapa mo e haere noa - ko te tikanga o te wehenga o te takitahi me te hapori. tikanga te ariā i roto i ngā o "haere noa o whiriwhiri", engari e kore "te wairua noa." Ko te matau untouchable o nga tangata ora. Ko te iwi nei i te iti rawa i mua pōtitia, e waiho i raro ki te tikanga hou - whakaoho mo te tika o tona whakatau. Tenei porohita nanakia e whai ana i te tangata tae noa ki te wāhi whakamutunga o te taenga - whakatutuki tona ngako.

Ko wai te mea te tangata i roto i te mahara o te kaiwhakaū o te nāianei

patua ana Mae ki te tango te tangata kia rite ki te tukanga o te whanaketanga tamau, engari ite raruraru wā. Ko tino koi kite enei taime ahurea Western rite ite he rota o manukanuka, te hepohepo, me te taupatupatu pakanga. Existentialist - he tangata kawenga hoki ia, ana whakaaro, i ana mahi he. Me kia reira na, ki te hiahia te reira ki te noho tangata motuhake. Ano, me whai i te reira te whakaaro me te whakawhirinaki ki te hanga i te mau faaotiraa tika, te kore e waiho te uho o tona heke mai o te kounga e tika ana.

āhuatanga āhuatanga o nga māngai katoa o existentialism

Ahakoa te meka e te ngā akonaki tangohia etahi toka he te kaupapa o te oraraa, i reira e he maha o ngā āhuatanga e te hunga tūturu i roto i te mau melo atoa o te ngā kōrero:

• Ko te raina tīmatanga taketake o te matauranga - ko reira he tukanga tamau o tātari mahi a te takitahi. Anake te taea korero ki a koutou e pā ana ki te katoa o te tangata te tangata. e kore te mea he ariā whānui te pūtake o te ako, me te instantiated tātaritanga o te tangata. iwi anake nei e taea e te tātari i tō oraraa matau a me rave i te reira tonu. Rawa tohe Heidegger runga reira.
• Te tangata waimarie nui ki te ora i roto i te mo'oni ahurei, fakamamafa'i i ana i tuhituhi ai Sartre. ka mea ia e kore e kore mea atu e whai i te ao rite. I runga i te pūtake o tona whakaaroaro ana, ka taea e tatou e faaoti e te mea tika o te aro, mōhiotanga me te māramatanga katoa te tangata. Ko tōna hiahia ahurei tātari tamau.
• kaituhi Existentialist i roto i tona mahi whakaahua tonu te mauri o te tukanga i mua ki te ora noa. Camus, mo te tauira, tohe e ki te kaha ora - ko te uara tino nui tenei. Ka kite te tinana tangata te tikanga o to ratou wāhi i runga i te whenua i roto i te tupu me te whanaketanga, engari anake i roto i te mutunga e taea ki te taa i te huru mau. A mo te tangata katoa he ahurei tenei ara. Whāinga me ngā huarahi ki te whakatutuki i te teitei te pai, me te rerekē.
• E ai ki a Sartre, e kore he reira nga take mo te oraraa o ora rauropi tangata. "I take ia mo koe, koutou whiriwhiri me to koutou ora," - fakamafola philosopho existentialist. высказывания от идей других направлений философии в том, что как пройдет каждый жизненный этап человеческого развития - зависит от него самого. Rerekē te tauākī i te whakaaro o ētahi atu wāhi o te rapunga whakaaro kua pahure e ia wāhanga ora o te whanaketanga tangata - tei reira ki runga ki a ia. Ka hoki āhua Kounga kia pāngia e ana mahi e mahia e ia ki te paetae o te whāinga matua.

• Ko te oraraa o te tinana tangata, hua ana ona whakaaro, karapoti i tapatahi. Kahore he mea ngaro rite rauemi māori e kore e taea te whakatau me pehea e kia tū te ora o te tangata, he aha ture me ngā ture, ka mahi ia, a he aha - e kore.
• Te tangata anake e whakakiia koutou ora ki tikanga. Ka taea e ia te whiriwhiri i tana ranei tona kite o te ao, i makona ai i te reira ki o ratou whakaaro, me te te iritiraa ratou ki mooni. Ka taea e mahi ia te mea e hiahia ana ia. Ko e Ko te uho o ratou i uru i tei runga i whiriwhiri whaiaro. wātea hoki ki tona oraraa katoa i roto i nga ringa o te tangata whaitake.
• Эго. Existentialist - he huru. Whakaaro i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te whai wāhitanga maere mō te katoa.

Rerekē te mau melo o te tahi atu nekehanga

philosopho Existentialist, pērā kaiako, kaitautoko o ētahi atu wāhi (ngā Marxism), i roto i te manakohia o te faaru'eraa i te rapu tikanga whaitake o ngā hītori. i kite ratou kahore take ki te rapu i te ahunga whakamua i roto i ēnei mahi.

Pānga i runga i te mahara o te iwi o te rau tau 20

Mai te philosopho existentialist, i roto i te rerekē ki te Māmá, kihai i rapu i ki kite i te tauira o te hītori, kihai ratou i whai ki te riro i te maha nui o hoa. Heoi, i te whakaaro o tenei kaupapa au he mana nui i runga i hinengaro o te tangata. Ngaahi Tefito'i Mo'oni o te oraraa tangata rite te haere e haere mai ki tona huru mau, tona aho o te whakahaere i roto i te whakarara ki te iwi nei e kore tino e faaite i tenei tirohanga.