Graphite: Melting pāmahana, Ngā Āhuatanga me tono

E pā ana graphite ki kohuke e te hunga rerekē rehe i roto i te whakamahi i ngā. Ko reira tikanga ki te pāhono i te reira ki te mea tae, engari e kore e te tenei whāiti ki tona kaha. I te wa ano e kore e taea e tetahi te korero o te ma'á o whakamahi o tenei rauemi, no te mea o tona hanganga papanga me whakatau hoki te hōkai o te tono. E kore e ki te whakahua i te hiahia mō ngā tikanga tukatuka motuhake. Ko te take i te ira whakakoero o graphite i roto i degrees taea tae 2800 ° C, e titau te whai wāhi o ngā whakaurunga motuhake mo te hanga o ngā hua whakamutunga.

āhuatanga o te graphite

I roto i te āhuatanga mahi taketake o te kohuke rio mai kawe ia waiariki, kia kaha te mahi rite te pēne o te nāianei hiko me te mārū o te hanganga, e, Heoi e kore te mea, tonu he oko graphite me. Ki te whakaute ki waiariki kawe, kia tae ai 2400 W / (m * K) atu ranei. Tenei auau tei runga i te hanganga me te mātotoru o te rauemi. Mea nui, ko te graphite, rerekē te pāmahana rewa i roto i te whānuitanga o 2500 - 3000 ° C, riro te reira hanganga ngawari. Ka taea e kia pai mō te whākinga atu o ngā āhuatanga kohuke o waea tenei, engari te maimoatanga wera tino whakaiti nga āhuatanga kaha tinana. Ka rite ki te hua, e taea e graphite rite whai hua rite te whakarewa i roto i te tukanga hiko, engari no te mea o te fragility ka kia taea i roto i te mahi tino ā.

kohuke te tauhohenga rerekē hoki i roto i te whakapā ki matū urupare, tae atu ki ngā tai me konganuku alkali. Heoi, tei tenei i runga i te tikanga i roto i nei, ko te graphite. kia hua te ira whakakoero o e pā ana ki 2800 ° C (i ai ähua te kohuke e ki te hāora) i roto i te parariraa ki te hauhā hanganga.

ira whakakoero

Ko te tūāwhiorangi o te pāmahana i ai rewa kia whiwhi ai graphite e tino kanorau. Tei nui, hei tauira, i te whāinga mutunga o te mahi. Temperature whakatau hoki nga tikanga taiao, me te āhuatanga o te kohuke ngā, me te tono maimoatanga wera i roto i nga tikanga atu o awe te graphite. Te pāmahana rewa i te mea ka taea ki te whiwhi i te rite ki te whakamahi i graphite, pae i 2600 ki te 3800 ° C. mahi hoki tātaitanga Kelvin. I roto i tenei take, i te reira tae kua 4000 ° K, engari kia nui haere ai tenei uara i runga i te tohu pēhanga rānei. Tikanga, te rewa o te graphite whakaputaina i raro i te pēhanga 105 - 130 pae.

ira e koropupu ana

Ko te hiahia mo te maimoatanga wera ko te mea e rapu pakihi ki te whakarerekē i te mahi o te rauemi i roto i te tikanga ki te hanga i ngā hua whai hua atu. whakamahia Iti nuitia tikanga o mau mai ki te whewhe te kohuke, engari tukua ratou ki a koe te whakapai ake etahi āhuatanga o te hanganga. Ko te pātai o te mea ko te pāmahana rewa me te pāmahana e koropupu ana o maha tā graphite whakapūtā te whānuitanga taua - i 3800 ki te 4200 ° C. Te paepae raro tautuhi ana te āhua o te rara, me te runga - rauemi kohua. Ano, i runga i nga āhuatanga o te graphite me ona rerekē tikanga o waiariki pānga i roto i te āhua e hiahiatia ana o te kohuke whiwhi rānei - koropupu ira whakakoero ranei - ka taea e te kōrero.

hangarau te fariiraa i

Tata e ngohengohe ki ngā mahi tukatuka katoa o ngā hua graphite ki te mutunga-whakamahi. He tikanga mō te whakaputa i te graphite whakatau te ahua o te rauemi. Tikanga, i roto i nga tikanga o te rerekētanga meinga e te mana tika o te pāmahana. Ko te kupu, mā te whakawera i te ranunga o te Coke te ware me te graphite whiwhi achesonovsky. rewa me te pāmahana kohua i roto i tenei take e kia 2800 me 4200 ° C te whakaatu i. whakarato te rongo ranunga Coke tukatuka technique Thermomechanical ki te taua tawhā whakawera - takoto te rerekētanga anake i roto i te whakamahi o ngā wāhanga carbide-hanga. reiti iti o te maimoatanga wera he tikanga pyrolysis rerekē. I roto i tenei take, whakarerekētia graphite taiao te i waiwaro haurehu waihā i roto i te korehau i 1500 ° C. I roto i tenei tohaina tikanga tautauā me tukatuka mō te whakaputa ranunga turanga graphite. Ēnei hangarau ngā te rohe, i roto i nei te tautauā puhoi i te rino taimaha.

Ko te whakamahi o te graphite

āhuatanga graphite, rite kua tuhia, kua tukua ki a ia kitea tono whānui i roto i ngā mara. Kei te whakamahia te reira i roto i te hanga o electrodes, pene rākau, safeners, rauemi tohutoro ruri, me te noa ano he hinu. whakaritea Thermal kohuke kounga tona whai take rite te wahi o nga hanganga oumu. Hei tauira, i te mau api ararewa graphite me hanga crucibles. Ko te nui tei runga i te momo ngā, e he hakari graphite. Ko te ira whakakoero o etahi momo o rauemi he 2600 ° C, hei tauira, ka taea ratou te whakamahi i roto i nga ruma tukatuka waiariki ahumahi. Ko 'ulungaanga iahiko tukua te whakamahi o te nuinga o ngā hua i graphite rite nga mea timatanga kaiwhakahaere o te hanganga.

mutunga

taea te tiro rauemi graphite rite te anga hangore mo te whakamahi i roto i ngā ahumahi. Kounga kawe ia hiko, me te waiariki, ahakoa taha i te taha ki te fragility tinana, me reiti tano o te tika aunoa, engari he whai wāhitanga nui hoki te tono o te kohuke tino motuhake. Mai i te hi'oraa o paerewa tukatuka ahumahi, graphite pāmahana rewa i roto i nga nekehanga, i te mea he toharite o 2800 ° C, e kore te mea tino. A faanaho i te tukanga rewa kohua o te rauemi e kore e taea noa te hinonga iti mahi i roto i te hanga o te ngā iahiko ranei. Ko tētahi atu mea, ko te e titau te hanga o ngā hua whakamutunga hanga o graphite maimoatanga wera e kore anake.