He aha te mea te pūngao free Gibbs?

Free Gibbs pūngao - ko te uara e tohu te taumata o te huringa pūngao i roto i te tauhohe matū, ka rite ki te hua o te hoatu i te whakahoki ki te pātai e pā ana ki te taea o te tauhohe matū. Ka taea e tēnei pūmanawa e tangohia mo te pūngao pūnaha tonu matū (wai karaihe, a na i runga i. D.). Kei te whakamahia whānuitia Gibbs pūngao noa i roto i te matū me te thermodynamics.

Ko te rere māhorahora o ngā tukanga isobaric-isothermal whakaritea e te āhuatanga e whai ake nei: enthalpy me te piraunga. e pā ana te tuatahi kei te ki te hekenga i roto i hāwera o te pūnaha, i te rua o te taumata e tika ana taputapu ki te hua i roto i te pūnaha e tika ana ki te whakanui ake o tona piraunga. Ko te rerekētanga whakaahuatia take thermodynamic me ko te mahi o āhua pūnaha, i mohiotia te rite pūmanawa isobaric-isothermal, te Gibbs pūngao noa (G, kJ) ranei.

tukanga noa i roto i te pūnaha tuwhera, me te kati whakaahuatia e paearu motuhake, Nō te pūmanawa Gibbs. I roto i te meka, he reira he mahi kāwanatanga. D. U. Gibbs, ka mahi ki te pūnaha thermodynamic, kawea mai tenei āhuatanga i roto i te enthalpy me te piraunga. Gibbs pūngao free taea ki matapae i te ahunga o te rere o te tukanga koiora māhorahora, me ki te aromātai i tona kakama takahi noaa.

Ki te whakaaro ki te rua o te ture o thermodynamics kia whakarāpopoto ai Gibbs whakatau e whai ake: i te pēhanga tamau me te pāmahana i waho mana i waho te pūnaha ka mau tonu i te taumata o te rere noa anake ki ngā tukanga e tupu tika ki whakaiti te uara o te pūmanawa Gibbs ki te taumata e puta i runga i pa ki a ratou iti on. Na, ko te toenga o thermodynamic pūnaha whakatau te pumau o pūngao free. Na reira, ko te pūmanawa o enthalpy noa te Gibbs 'i roto i te pūnaha isobaric-isothermal. Kia whakamārama tatou he aha te mea tohua iti. faataa tenei e te postulate thermodynamics taurite faufaa, e whai ake: he āhua homai i te huru o tamau pāmahana me te pēhanga tikanga e hiahiatia e nga huringa e whai ake nei ki te whakapiki ake i te taumata pūngao, me he taea tenei anake ki te huri ngā āhuatanga o waho.

A he aha te tikanga o te pūngao noa? Na roto i tenei wā tikanga o te tukanga o te whiwhi moni mutunga o te pūngao i waho ranei ki whakapaunga iti o te pūngao. Ko, te pūngao whiwhi i solar, hurihiko, kapohau - ko te pūngao noa, no te mea e kore matou e ururua pūngao i runga ki hinga hihi o te ra ki runga ki te whenua, rere te wai ki roto ki te awa ranei whakatangi te hau. Taua puna a tawhio noa tatou i reira e pera maha, e mohiotia ana ki te pūtaiao tonu te nuinga o ratou. Ko te ki runga ki a ratou i te wa i te wa, me te "tutuki" he kaitito rerekē experimenters ki. Ko tētahi o ēnei mahi ko te pūngao noa o Tesla. E ai ki kaipūtaiao, te pūngao i i riro ia, ka tangohia e tona take i te Etera (korehau). Ko te aroha e kore i tona tenenga kawea ki tona mutunga arorau. Heoi, haere tonu taua āhuatanga ki te kia tukua, e kore e te tukanga mutu. I teie mahana, i reira e he rota o Mua, te pūtake o nei - pūngao free. Ko te taiawhio o tetahi o taua whakaaro, e kite i runga.