He paturopi te whakatupuranga hou o whanui-hihinga

I roto i te raau taero noho te wahi nui whakatupuranga whakamutunga paturopi kaha ki iroriki maha. E whakamahia ratou mo te maimoatanga o pathologies hopuhopu, e tino heke te tahuti o tūroro i te banal ki pneumonias rā me te pyelonephritis. Nā paturopi hoki whakahaerehia, ka whakatere ora i roto i te Bronchitis, pakohu kakā, a meinga ana e ia taea ki te mahi i ngā tukanga hāparapara matatini. Kei te pai te tukinotia mate Ahakoa maru ia i te ki te paturopi.

paturopi whanui-hihinga (ABSHS)

Tenei kāwai ngā āpiha antimicrobial kaha ki karamu-kino, me te karamu-pai kaiao. Ko nga āpiha fakatupu o mate intestinal, pathologies inflammatory o te urogenital me te tuatahi pūnaha romahā. meinga nuitia kaiao Gram-pai mate marutanga, me te takawaenga i te takanga o pōauautanga postoperative i roto i te pokanga.

ABSHS Rārangi wā tuku rerekē

Ētahi rongoā paturopi tūāwhiorangi whanui o te whakatupuranga hou e kaha ki mate protozoal. Ko ētahi tauira ko pārōnaki nitroimidazole - tinidazole, metronidazole me ornidazole. Ko te metronidazole tino whānui whakamahia hoki o utu. Tona orotahi piha - tinidazole - hihinga o mahi antimicrobial rite, engari parenterally kore tono. I roto i te whānui, e te aroaro rōpū katoa o paturopi whanui-hihinga e whai ake:

• penicillins māori;
• ingibitorzaschischennye aminopenicillin;
• penicillins pseudomonas, tae atu ingibitorzaschischennye;
• cephalosporins III whakatupuranga cephalosporins whakatupuranga IV ;
• rōpū aminoglycosides;
• paturopi tetracycline ;
• paturopi macrolide;
• maha o paturopi carbapenem;
• chloramphenicol;
• fosfomycin;
• rifampin;
• dioxidine;
• sulfonamides;
• quinolones, fluoroquinolones;
• rōpū nitrofurans;
• nitroimidazole raupapa paturopi.

e kore e hoatu tenei rārangi nga ingoa o ngā rōpū o paturopi kuiti-hihinga. He motuhake ki te maha iti o papapūata ratou me he whai hua ki a ratou. e kore e taea te whakamahi taero kuiti-hihinga mo te maimoatanga o te superinfection me kahore e tono empirically. E whakamahia ratou rite te paturopi raina-tuatahi i te tukumate whakaritea.

Ko te rārangi o whakatupuranga mua ABSHS

Ko te runga ake māngai antimicrobial no ki te whānui o raau taero momo. Ko te rārangi katoa o ngā rōpū o matū ki mahi ki karamu-pai, me te karamu-kino huakita tenei. Heoi, kei te rārangi te whakatupuranga hou e rua o paturopi me ngā māngai mua o te rōpū. O nga māngai o te whakatupuranga hou o te runga ake e te whai ake ngā rōpū o taero:

• aminopenicillin e te hunga ātete ki te beta-lactamase ( "Sulbactam", "Ampicillin", "clavulanate" "Amoxicillin");
• cephalosporins o whakatupuranga III me IV ( "Cefotaxime" "Cefoperazone" "Ceftazidime" "ceftriaxone" "cefpirome" "Cefepime");
• whakatupuranga III paturopi aminoglycoside ( "Amikacin" "Netilmicin");
• macrolides 14 ava'eo me 15-membered āhua-waihanga ( "Roxithromycin" "Clarithromycin," "Azithromycin");
• Natural 16-membered paturopi macrolide ( "midecamycin");
• fluoroquinolones III me IV whakatupuranga ( "levofloxacin" "sparfloxacin" "Gatifloxacin" "Trovafloxacin" "Moxifloxacin");
• carbapenems ( "meropenem" "Imipinem-cilastatin" "Ertapenem");
• nitrofurans ( "Nitrofurantoin" "Furazidin", "ersefuril").

Paturopi e kua waho i te rārangi

Ēnei penicillins antipseudomonal tiakina mua i te whānuitanga o te mahi whanui, Heoi, tono anake ki a P. aeruginosa i te tirohanga o te hiahia ki te whakaiti i te whakapā pea ki te rā hou me paturopi puai. ārai tenei te mōrea o huakita tarukino-ātete. Ko te miramira nui ki Pseudomonas mate faaite "tazobactam." He wā "Piperacillin" me "clavulanate" whakamahia rite te whakatupuranga hou o paturopi mō te kakā meinga e taumahatanga hōhipera o te tukumate.

i runga i te rārangi hoki he kahore paturopi whakatupuranga whakamutunga rōpū o penicillins tūturu me anti-staphylococcal. Ko te mua e kore e taea te whakamahi i roto i te maimoatanga manawanui e tika ki te hiahia o te whakahaere rō-uaua intramuscular ranei auau. Puka e tukua ki a ratou te tango-waha, e kore e tīari. Kei te pēra ki cephalosporins. Ki te tūāwhiorangi taua o mahi rite nga penicillins, e kore e taea te whakahaerea ratou waha no te mea te whakangaromanga i roto i te kopu.

Cephalosporins me penicillins whakamahi parenteral - te reira te whakatupuranga hou o paturopi whai hua mō te kakā. Kua muri MAORI aivanaa i roto i te whakawhanake i te puka inenga o te whakahaere enteral. Heoi, e kore kua rangahau ano hoatu ki mahi, a taea te whakamahi pera tawhiti anake i roto i te whare tiaki hauora pahoho he maha o taero.

paturopi tino whai hua mō ngā tamariki

Exploring te whakatupuranga hou o paturopi, te rārangi o te raau taero tūtohutia mō ngā tamariki, whāiti tino. I roto i te tamarikitanga, anake e taea te whakamahi e ngā māngai o te maha aminopenicillins ( "Amoxicillin", "clavulanate"), cephalosporins ( "Ceftriaxone" "Cefepime"), macrolides ( "Azithromycin", "midecamycin" "Roxithromycin", "Clarithromycin"). e kore e taea te whakamahi paturopi Fluoroquinolone, carbapenems me nitrofurans no o te tukino o te tupu o wheua, ate me te tākihi tāoke.

e kore e nitrofurans Pūnaha tono e tika ana ki te kore o te taunakitanga pūtaiao tautoko te haumaru o te maimoatanga. Ko te okotahi anake ko "furatsillina", e tika ana mō te maimoatanga rohe o patunga. paturopi Modern a tino pai mo te whakatupuranga whakamutunga o tamariki e whai ake: macrolides, penicillins, cephalosporins (ingoa o taero e hoatu i runga ake). E kore e te rōpū o māngai antimicrobial toe tūtohutia hoki o te pānga paitini, me disorders kōhiwi.

ABSHS mō wahine hapu

E ai ki a FDA whakarōpū (US), ka taea e te torutoru anake o nga paturopi whakatupuranga hou kia whakamahia i roto i te maimoatanga o wahine hapu, e he rārangi iti rawa. no ratou ki ngā kāwai A me B, i ko te ati o ratou kihai whakapumautia kahore pānga teratogenic i roto i ngā akoranga kararehe ranei.

taea anake te whakamahi matū ki ngā pānga e keri i runga i te kukune, me te ki te aroaro o te pānga paitini i roto i te take o te nuinga o te pānga haumanu i runga i te taha (kāwai C me te D). rerekē Teuteu X kāwai kï pānga teratogenic i runga i te kukune, ki te tika, no te mea o ratou te whakamahi tika materoto.

I roto i te hapū, te paturopi e whai ake whakatupuranga whakamutunga papa whanui-hihinga: aminopenicillin tiakina ( "Amoklav", "Amoxiclav"), cephalosporins ( "Cefazolin" "Ceftriaxone" "Cefepime"). Macrolides ( "Azithromycin", "Clarithromycin", "midecamycin" "Roxithromycin") e whakaaetia ki te whakamahi i roto i te toru o nga huatū o te hapūtanga tika ki te meka e kore kua ako tino ratou pānga teratogenic, me te kore o reira e kore e taea te unambiguously korero. Ano, wahine hapu whakamahi humarie paturopi rongoā paturopi i roto i te ngaro o mate pāwera.

Ko te whakamahi o paturopi i te maimoatanga o te Bronchitis

paturopi katoa whakatupuranga whakamutunga whanui-hihinga, i roto i te ariā, taea te whakamahi mō te Bronchitis me te kakā ki te ratou āhuatanga pharmacodynamic tino pai mō tenei. Heoi, i reira he kaupapa tino arotau o te maimoatanga kouma o taua mate. tango ratou ki rerekētanga pūkete ngā angitu o antimicrobials ki te whakarite whānui o taumahatanga koiora kapinga.

Nitrofurans, pärönaki nitroimidazole me sulfonamides whakamahi noatia i roto i mate inflammatory o te pūnaha romahā. Ko te huinga angitu te nuinga o te Bronchitis kakā ranei, tiakina rere pūkahukahu te macrolide ki aminopenicillin ( "Amoklav" + "Azithromycin"). Bronchitis roa rapu whakarite cephalosporin hei utu aminopenicillin ( "Ceftriaxone" + "Azithromycin"). I roto i tenei kaupapa, kia whakakapia te macrolide ki tetahi piha tairitenga: hoki "midecamycin" "Clarithromycin" ranei "Roxithromycin".

E te pānga korerotia katoa o enei paturopi hou-whakatupuranga mo te Bronchitis, ahakoa kia haere tonu nga tohu haumanu o te mate ki te kia reira. Ko te paearu o te whai huatanga o te maimoatanga - te ahua o te mare ki te maremare āta horoia me te tauturu kirika. I roto i te COPD ngoikore hoki dyspnea, hiahia ake, heke mare hiahia auau.

maimoatanga tōtika o te kakā

Kakā o ngawari tukinotia runga i te pūtake o te Bronchitis, engari ki te whakamahi o te cephalosporin me macrolide. A, no te āhua ki nui kakā whiwhi-hapori o te take i whakaritea cephalosporin ( "Ceftriaxone" ranei "Cefepime") ki te maha o fluoroquinolones ( "Ciprofloxacin" ranei "Levofloxacin"). Enei paturopi o te whakatupuranga whakamutunga whanui-hihinga microflora pai Pēhia hapori-riro, a ka he kitea i te rua o nga ra o te maimoatanga te pānga o ratou te whakamahi.

o teie mahana whakatupuranga hou o paturopi mo kakā (te ingoa i homai i runga ake) pā te tukumate, ona mahi faufaa te tämi i patu ia ranei. E huaina ana te matū tuatahi bacteriostatic, bactericidal me nga taero muri. Cephalosporins, me fluoroquinolones aminopenicillin - bactericides, me macrolides - bacteriostats. Ano, te tikanga te huinga o paturopi ki whakawhānui kore anake te whānuitanga o ngā mahi, engari ano hoki ki te ū ki te ture o te whakakotahi i kotahi tarukino ki tetahi bacteriostatic bactericidal.

Maimoatanga o te kakā nui i roto i HITD

I roto i te tiaki kaha, te wahi i reira kia kia tūroro ki kakā nui, me te mate syndrome runga i te whakamārama o te haurangi. Ko te koha matua ki te pakeke o te huru o taua tūroro hanga microflora pathogenic e he ātete ki te nuinga o antimicrobials. I roto i taua āhuatanga, te tono carbapenems ( "Imipinem-cilastatin," "Tienam", "Meropenem") e kore e, tika hoki te whakamahi i roto i te tautuhinga tūroro.

Treatment o pakohu kakā me te pakohu kakā

o teie mahana whakatupuranga hou o paturopi mō te pakohu kakā pakohu ranei whakamahia ki te whakamate iroriki. I roto i ngā take pēnei i, kia kotahi te whakamahi i te rongoā paturopi bactericidal. Heoi, ki te he te uru ki te pae o te mumura antimicrobial pakohu uaua matua. Na reira, ko te whakamahia tino nuitia cephalosporin tarukino. He tauira ko te "Ceftriaxone" ranei "Cefepime." kia hoki kia whakahaerea te reira i fluoroquinolone III whakatupuranga - "Levofloxacin".

Maimoatanga o antimicrobials hou angina

te whakatupuranga hou o paturopi mō nui korokoro e whakaritea mo te whakaaro ano. Ano, a i roto i te pakohu, me nga āpiha anti-koiora taua kia whakamahia i tonsillitis. Ko te rerekētanga anake ko e taea hoki te whakamahi me te i roto i te take o te mumura o te tonsils antiseptics, hei tauira, "furatsillina" - te faaineineraa o te maha o nitrofurans. Ahakoa e taea te whakamahi hoki aminopenicillins angina sulbactam pai te tiaki ranei waikawa clavulanic ( "Amoklav" "Amoksiklav" "Ospamoks"). A kia whakahaerea taero mō te 10-14 ra.

Treatment o pyelonephritis me mate o te pūnaha genitourinary

Nā ki te paru o te mimi i papapūata, te whakatupuranga hou o paturopi i roto i pyelonephritis tika mo ratou maimoatanga. Ko te uara whakaora nui konei he cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones me nitrofurans. E whakamahia cephalosporins i roto i pyelonephritis āhua iti kino, me fluoroquinolones ( "Ciprofloxacin", "Levofloxacin", "Ofloxacin", "Moxifloxacin") - i te ino i roto i te papamuri i te therapy.

Ko te tarukino angitu tino, e tika ana mō te monotherapy e rua, me mo te i ngā ki "Ceftriaxone" he māngai o tetahi maha o nitrofurans - "FURAMAG"). taea hoki te whakamahi quinolone - "waikawa Nalidixic". Tata hanga nohanga tiketike i roto i te mimi me te he kaha ki te āpiha fakatupu o mate mimi. Ano, i ētahi wā ka tono gardnelleze tara dysbacteriosis me "Metronidazole".

resistance Drug me tona pānga

Nā ki te huringa tamau i roto i te rauemi ira o microorganisms, te nuinga huakita, te tino heke maha tōtika antimicrobial. Tiki ātete ki taero, huakita rite kaha ki te ora i roto i te tinana tangata i mediating kinonga o ngā mate hopuhopu. taruke ana tenei kairangahau ki te titiro hoki a hoatu ki mahi paturopi hou whakatupuranga whakamutunga.

I roto i te wā o te oraraa o āpiha antimicrobial whakawhanakehia hoki e pā ana ki 7000 matū i roto i te ara etahi e whakamahia i roto i te rongoā. haere te nuinga o ratou i roto i o te whakamahi tika ki te pānga hauora nui taha no o te rironga o te ātete koiora ki a ratou ranei. No te mea i tenei ra i roto i te rongoa tono e pā ana ki 160 taero. Mō 20 o ratou - ko te whakatupuranga hou o paturopi, maha puta i roto i pukapuka hauora o te therapy antimicrobial o mate hopuhopu nei ingoa.