Ika-kai ika. He aha a pehea ki te whangai i te ika i roto i te moana?

nohoia to tatou paraneta e māngai mīharo o te wao nui, ia o nei he ona ake huru maitatai ahurei. E matau ana tatou he rota e pā ana ki a ratou: hei tauira, e kore e te Koala inu wai, kite pai ngeru i roto i te pouri, a ka whai nga Dolphins he maramarama tata tangata. Na te aha e tatou e matau e pā ana ki ika, ki te kahore e reira te whakamahia mō te kai, me i reira e inedible katoa a tae noa paitini?

I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka korero matou e pā ana ki te tangata mīharo o te ine raro, he tara: e pā ana ki to ratou oraraa i roto i te rire, me ngā ritenga e pā ana ki te mea ika kai, i runga i te taiao i roto i nei e ora ratou rānei.

Ka hurahia hoki e koe te ao unknown o te kingitanga raro, kei hea he pera marino, me te rangimarie e kore nga mea katoa kia rite te mea te reira i mawhiti tuatahi. Hei tauira, i roto i nga wai ora ika, te kai i runga i ika me te kararehe iti. He hoki rybolyuby-manu me nga kararehe e kore e e ngakaukore ana ki te kai reka korari mau.

Ki ia tona tahua ake

Na roto i te āhua o te whanonga, me te kai ritenga o te ika e wehea te nuinga i runga i konihi, me te rangimarie. Konihi - Ko reira te ika ika-kai, a anake ētahi wā e whakamahia ana i te kai rerekē. tū ratou he riri nui ki te ika-kaihuawhenua, rawa te hunga rahi iti o.

Te rangimarie, i roto i te tahuri, e wätea, benthophages me köurarangi. Fele, te reira te ika e whangai i runga i pükohu.

pau wätea Phytoplankton anake, i roto i te kupu atu - pükohu tere. Benthophages - he ika e whangai i runga i te pūkohu wai e tupu i runga i te hohonu (i huaina phytobenthos) me matūriki organic. Planktophages hiahia ngā rauropi te aumoana, me te kore te vahavaha o te awa.

I tua atu, i reira he pau euryphages - ika e whangai i runga i ika, pükohu me hātaretare iti. Ko te kanorau tino ratou tahua.

ngā tāngata whai te awa

Titiro i te awa, kahore matou e matau te nui o nga mea katoa o mea ora ora i raro i te mata wai. āhuatanga ia rohe e ona "huinga" o wai māori ika. Hei tauira, i roto i te awa i runga i te rohe o Russia e kitea taua māngai rite Bersh, carp, dace, Ruff, sturgeon, taraute, whitefish, kiwikiwi,.

Ka taea hoki e i roto i nga wai Russian kia kitea poorohe, pike, carp, Bream, Kupu. I tua atu, i reira e na aroha e ngā kaihī carp, minnows, carp, Roach, tench, tēnehe, catfish, burbot, perch. A e kore ko te rārangi tino o ngā momo katoa tenei.

awa konihi kaikiko

Te kai i runga i ika i roto i te awa? Ia o ratou kua ratou kai. Tei awa e noho ana tahua i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha: te momo o raro (onepu toka ranei), rimurimu, a tae noa te wa o te tau.

Kia tīmata a ki te konihi matarohia, e ngā ika, ika-kai. Te reira i Bersh, sturgeon, taraute, pike, catfish, tuna, perch awa. Kia whakaaro o ratou:

• no Bersh ki te Okuneva whānau me titiro tino rite ki te pae. Tenei ika kura konihi e kai parai o Roach me Rudd. Kaua e mangere ki te tango i minnows iti me ruffs.
• no Sturgeon ki te hapu o te taua ingoa. Ko te kaikonihi kaitaua e taea oaoa i kai tahua matua, me te "ngau" poraka tenei. I roto i te tau nui o sturgeon awa puta noa, ina toene ai ratou. e kore ēnei kaitukituki ika heke kai anake i roto i te te wai hou, engari tote ano hoki.
• Loach - he māngai rawa nui o te whānau hāmana, whakaaro nei ko te konihi no te mea te reira tino aroha o te ika caviar, kirīmi kawa reira i roto i ngā rahinga nui, reira whakaiti ratou taupori ki hanganga catastrophic. Hoki tukinotia ana taraute i runga i parai karaka.
• Pike - anake te māngai o te hapu o te taua ingoa. Ko reira tino pukuriri, kaihoro, tangata konihi. Ko te raa tona kai ngā taua ryboshki rite carp me Roach. I tua atu, i te pike "te mamae" kai: enei ika he konihi kai māngai iti o ratou ahua. Ko te momo i roto i te tahua e taea te hanga he pike me kararehe iti (hei tauira, kiore), i tupono ki roto i te wai. Hoki e taea e taonga pike riro iti manu moana , me o ratou kuao.
• Catfish o te whānau soms runga ratou peu rite ki te pike kai. kai te reira i runga i ika iti, a taea Waterfowl patu i te pīpī. pahua māngai nui i runga i manu nui, me te taea ki te kawe atu i te wai kuri iti ranei te kuao kau. He take ka whakaekea catfish kukupa e pohehe pecking witi i te taha o te wai. Tenei "apo" ki te kai e tika ana ki te meka e kai reira anake i roto i te taima mahana, a i roto i te hotoke hiakai.
• no Burbot ki te tikanga Cod. Enei ika he konihi hopu mo te taonga i te po, a kahore e kai ika anake, tae atu ki ngā rangatahi rite ratou, engari pirau, ano kararehe me poroka.
• Awa perch Ko e rua kirehe mohoao, me te taonga. kai te reira i runga i ika iti, a ka ko ia ia kai mo pike me te Zander.

kaihuawhenua raro

Civilians i roto i nga hohonu o te awa - he ika te kinokore e whangai i runga i pükohu me Phytoplankton, detritus. Phytoplankton - he rauropi tipu iti, i roto i ngā tau nui noho roto, ka oho i roto i te awa.

E mea pinepine, e kore e kitea ki te kanohi tahanga te Phytoplankton, na e kore e hoatu i te reira te iwi i te uara. E rave rahi o tatou e kore e ara mōhio o enei rauropi mōkitokito, a ano ratou - faufaa rahi whakatu kaihuawhenua aha whangai te ika i roto i te awa. Ko rawa pono o momo pērā i carp, carp me te tēnehe tenei. Matou ako atu e pā ana ki a ratou:

• Cupid - "taketake" o te utuafare carp. kai anake te reira i runga i te kai huawhenua: paru, ngā pükohu me kakaho. Ka taea hoki e ia te whakamahi i te ngaro i roto i o whenua awa tipu te waipuke.
• no Carp ki te whānau taua rite te carp, a ka pai pükohu mōkitokito me detritus. Carp mangai - he ahua o "pūrere tātari", whakawhetai ki nei tenei ika whiriwhiringa wai matomato, rite te ahua o te rerenga parukore awa.
• Lin - ika rawa sedentary hiahia ki te ora e tata ana te raro ranei i roto i te ngahere rimurapa. Neke atu i te 60% o tona kai ngā o pükohu.

euryphages omnivorous

Ko reira ngā e tata rangatira katoa o tara, ahakoa he weikana rangimarie ranei kaikiko kaikiko i te wā o te tipu kaha pau. Te kai i runga i ika i roto i te awa, i Whakaröpütia rite euryphages? Ko ohie te whakahoki: tata nga mea katoa e whiwhi ana ki o ratou mangai. Tenei köurarangi awa iti, waimāori, kaiwhao, hātare, a tae noa ngārara! Ko rawa pono o kararehe taitamariki tenei. Pūngoi kai - ko reira he pūmotu nui, i roto i nei te ika tipu ake hiahia.

Kai pepeke, e kore e "tamarikitanga" tika hei konihi, me te hunga e kai i te pükohu kore e tupu tonu nga parai wätea. Heoi, i reira e te tahi mau ika e pupuri i te "omnivorous" puta noa i te ora:

• Elec - "taketake" o te utuafare carp. kai ahau hātaretare ora i runga i te raro, me te otaota, me ngā ngārara.
• no Ruff ki te whānau Okuneva. Ko ia apo mīharo me kai tonu. Ko te kai matua o te Ruff - hātaretare, pepeke, me o ratou torongū, mollusks iti, hua ika, me etahi momo o te pükohu.
• Grayling - māngai o te hapu o te taua ingoa. Ka rite ki Ruff, kai reira ki runga ki te aumoana, pepeke, hua o, koira ika.
• Hongi - ika omnivorous, e kore nei e holomui i tetahi kai ano he hua me parai o te tahi atu ika, pükohu, rauropi nöhanga.
• Carp - Ko te Carp euryphage whānau nui. e kore e whai ia i te puku, kia kore te tona matekai makona. Tenei ika kai mollusks, torongū pepeke, te aumoana, e noho ana i roto i te paru raro.
• he rerekē i te nuinga o ika mangai iti tuwhera Bream. No te mea o tenei āhuatanga kikokiko reira he taea ki te takanga mai te kai nui, na te ihirangi ki detritus, pepeke iti me kutukutu.
• no ahipi ki te whānau carp. Ko te taitama o tenei ika whāngai i runga i pepeke, te aumoana, waimāori iti. Kei te whakawhiti takitahi pakari ki "konihi" kai. I te ahipi ano e kore niho, me te whiwhi ratou ika iti, nga auheke patua reira te hiku. Ia e kore e holomui, ka nui pepeke, pērā i ngā pūrerehua, pītara, kapokapowai.
• Karas - tetahi atu māngai o euryphages ika. Ratou kai ko waimāori, torongū pepeke, kaiwhao, uku, pükohu, köurarangi nöhanga, duckweed.
• Gudgeon - he tauira angamaheni o benthophages. kai te reira i runga i te aumoana, pepeke iti me kaiwhao, me te ngā caviar ika.
• Rudd - he ika o te whānau carp. Ko te ahua o "whakamātautau waikawa" ki te whakatau i te kounga o te wai - tench ora anake i roto i nga wai ma. Kei tona tahua o wana taitamariki o ngā tipu moana, pepeke, me to ratou torongū me hua o mollusks, i te mea tenei ika i runga i nga Pads rengarenga.
• Roach - tenei ika kai unpretentious o te whānau carp e kai waimāori iti me riu, kapokapowai torongū, bloodworms, pükohu me purapura.

Kai mau peu o noho o te moana

Kaua e wareware e i roto i te tua ki te awa, me ngā roto i reira atu e e hoki te kāinga ki katoa o mea raro e: ngata, poroka, kōura. I roto i taua mau farii ora kai ika Ozyornaya i runga i waimāori iti: sturgeon, carp, tarutaru carp, tēnehe, perch, aniwaniwa taraute, carp, Roach, whitefish me ide.

Fish ora i roto i te moana, kua he kai paku rerekē atu i te awa. Ko e tika ana ki te microclimate motuhake o te wai tenei. Awa ika konihi rite whitefish ratou peu kai rerekē i te roto i te meka e te kai o te nuinga o ratou, 60% ngā o Phytoplankton me pükohu.

Te kai Ozyornaya ika nui, me te tino kaihoro i runga i waimāori iti, Phytoplankton me te aumoana - he carp. Ka rite ki "teina" tona awa, e kore ia kai, no te mea te mea he ika, kahore he puku. Ano, waimāori iti i roto i ngā tau nui kai Bream.

Ko nga tangata o te moana tote

e ngoki moana hohonu ki katoa o māngai o kararehe, rawa ika. Ka rite ki te awa, he rangimarie, me te konihi ratou. Te kai i runga i ika i roto i te moana? Nā ki te meka e te atu Tuitui kapi ai reira e kaiao rerekē, he nui atu momo atu ratou awa moana-tahua makariri "whanaunga."

Te moana "whanaunga" fin awa tino noa ārahi i te ara āhua nonga o te ora - kanae, hopu, kanae, kanae whero me te Roach. He aha "e pā ana ki"? No te mea whangai enei ika i runga i pükohu, i ētahi wā ka taea e kai rite ia.

Tahua ika kaitaua, i roto i te rerekē ki te tangata rangimarie o te rire moana, ake kanorau. Te kai ika i runga i te moana-konihi? He pārekareka ki te mohio e kia pai te hanga i te kaikonihi iti ki tara i te kai o te ika kaikiko nui. Ko te noa tino o te mara - he tawatawa, haramono, catfish, pātiki, halibut, tawatawa, haramono, tuna, pākirikiri me te perch.

Kai mo te ika moana rangimarie

1. no kanae ki te kanae ika e fāmilí. Ko te ika te kai tino rahi reo o, e whāngai dentritom, mātaitai me te rimurimu, na reira te whakaaro whakapai ake whenua te moana.
2. Hopu - te "kainga" o te katoa. Ona manu aroha, kararehe moana , a matou - te iwi. kai te reira i runga i waimāori iti me te aumoana. kia whai wāhi ngā māngai hopu nui i roto i kai, e kai i te taitamariki o ratou ake ahua.
3. whakaaro kanae te tetahi o te ika tino reka. Ratou kai (te aumoana me Dentro), te keria te reira i roto o nga waipara raro.
4. Fish ki te kanae ingoa rerekē kai i runga i ngā kaiao iti nöhanga, te whakamahi i ratou pūhihi mō fumbles kai.
5. Rame - tetahi o nga kaihī taonga tino. arata'i te reira i te āhua noho demersal me kai mollusks iti me te aumoana.

Ko te kai o konihi ika moana

1. Tawatawa - Ko reira tetahi o nga ika tino rongonui pau e te tangata. Te reira i kaikonihi euryphage e kai i runga i köurarangi e rua me te iti rite-whakaaro.
2. hāmana Pink - ko tetahi o te māngai tino nui o te ika o te whānau hāmana tenei. I roto i te tahi mau whenua, ka karanga i tenei ika ko "hāmana Russian". Kei tōna kai o mollusks, me ika iti, waimāori me parai.
3. hiahia catfish wai matao, na noho i te hohonu tika nui. Ngā mihi ki tona tahua kauae pai whakawhanakehia-ko te tino ngāwari. kai catfish pāpaka, pipi, te kina moana, te kōura, pätangaroa me te kakaru ētahi wā. Kaua e vahavaha nei catfish me ika, e te hunga i tawhiti pai i roto i te rahi.
4. He ahurei te pātiki no o tona ahua rerekē. arata'i tenei wahine flat āhua noho demersal me te tukunga iho ki runga ki ika iti, me waimāori, patua ratou i tona piringa one.
5. Halibut Ko te hapu o pataka, me te powered e te taua rite te pātiki. Ko te tino hiahia ki te capelin me Pollock.
6. Tawatawa - he kirehe mohoao tere. riro te reira i te ika taonga pērā i korowhāwhā, kanae whero me te kanae. e kore e hoatu e ia ki runga i runga i to ratou ake rangatahi. I roto i tahuri, i te tawatawa hoiho - he kai tino mō aihe.
7. Haramono - iwi te ika tino tino. Kei te whānui whakamahia te reira i roto i te tunu kai i roto i nga kohua o te ao. I roto i te kai hāmana moana i runga i hopu, sprat, poorohe, hopu me waimāori.
8. no Tuna ki te whānau Scombridae me ko te ika arumoni tino faufaa. kai te reira i runga i cephalopods, me etahi momo o te ika iti, me ngū, me te kōeke.
9. Cod me walleye kore e rerekē i roto i to ratou mau peu kai i runga ake "hoa."

kaiheke Tahua aquarium

I roto i te aquarium reira ki te au ahua whakarite te whaihanga o te moana hohonu. Ki te mahi i tenei, te whakapaipai i te aquarium te ki rupi, anemones me tīmata ki te ika tāwāhi i te moana, me ngā moana. Kimihia te tika "kamupene" he tangata kuware he pea ki te e taea ki - no te mea kia whakangaro tahi i te tahi i roto i runga i te āhuatanga o te kai maha tangata o te tupurangi-moana i muri te karaihe. kaitukituki ika kaitaua ka hopu tonu hoki herbivores rangimarie - kia tango i te reira ki te pūkete, ka kōwhiri i te tae "noho" ki tara. kia utua ngā whakarongo ki te mea te ika whangai i roto i te moana. Te nuinga rongonui kaikiko aquarium "manuhiri tāwāhi" - he poroāwhio, Astronotus, piranha, ika, lionfish, Apistogramma, Yellow.

O tangata rangimarie o te moana i roto i te kauranga ika e taea ora hangareka ika, gourami papaka, angelfish, haukura, ngā rangatahi i, tetras.

Ki te whakatau koe ki te whakarite i tona whare ake i roto i te ao raro, he mea e tika ana ki te kitea i roto i te mea i te noho he aquarium whangai i te kāinga - i roto i te moana moana ranei. Konihi rite ngata Yellow dine me waimāori iti, a hoki kahore e ngakaukore ana ki te hopu hoki ika iti. Puritia ake ki a ratou, me te tahi atu cichlids, ko Astronotus me piranhas.

Ko te pükohu - te reira te mea kai te ika-hangareka. I tua atu i te nuinga o ētahi atu tangata aquarium rangimarie.

mohoao ika awa

manu Fish-kai, he tino kino hoki a ratou, ahakoa o ratou taiao. hoariri whai parirau awa Māngai - tenei karoro mangu-ahu, matuku hina, cranes, ahipare me ma-tailed. Ēnei manu kaihoro e taea te whakangaro i te maha nui o ika. Matou ako atu e pā ana ki a ratou:

• Black-upoko (awa / karoro pango-ahu) - he omnivorous, kai te nepereborchivaya manu rahi iti. e kore he uaua ringaringa huirapa Nā maitai kauhoe koekoea, me te hao ika i te mata o te wai mo ratou.
• te matuku Grey me cranes - he manu tika nui, e hiahia kai kararehe anake. Fish ki runga ki te 80% o ratou kai, te toe 20% - reira o poroka me kiore.
• Ahipare - he ekara awa. E whakarārangitia ana ratou rite tata. Ahipare - he manu ika-kai, me te reira anake! E whaia ana e ratou te whakamahi i ringaringa clawed, hopu taonga parau i roto o te wai. Ahipare - te hoariri kino rawa o noho awa ahakoa o momo.
• ekara White-tailed, rite te ahipare, i tabulahia i roto i te pukapuka Whero. Ko te manu nui o taonga, kai i runga i te ika, me te manu iti. i roto i te tahua ekara ma-tailed hoki ngā hares, squirrels whenua, marmots, me ētahi atu kiore. e kore e ratou te vahavaha kia ekara.

mohoao moana parirau

Ika e ora i roto i te moana e kore e ārai i te mea e waiho te kai o nga manu,. Kei te mātātoa to ratou oraraa haere koe pakau-gourmets i aroha rite kawau, ngā toroa, petrel, karoro. I roto i te moana raki me moana o kororā ika hopu.

1. Kawau - te reira rawa he manu nui e kai capelin kore anake, sardines me hopu, engari ano hoki pipi. E nga kanohi o enei mohoao parirau membrane nictitating mārama ngaro nei te i raro i te wai i te mea e he ahua o mōhiti raro. Ki tenei āhuatanga kikokiko o kawau kite pai tona taonga i raro i te tīwae wai.
2. Toroa - he morehu moana. Neke atu i te tona ora-tau 30 o te kotahi takitahi pau te nui nui o te ika, me waimāori, ngū me mollusks. Ka taea e ngā toroa ruku ki te 15 mita i roto i te hohonu, a he tikanga tino pau o kakara.
3. titiro Puffin rite ki te kukupa, engari, i rite ki te muri, kua he waewae nui nui, me te huirapa. Ko te huringa ora o enei manu he 20-26 tau. Power to ratou ko te taua rite taua o ngā toroa, me kawau. te tītī hoki maha haere tahi ururua kai kaipuke podedu.
4. Karoro - anake nga manu e kore e e whai hoariri tūturu. Ratou kai matua - ko te matua tenei ika me mollusks, ngā ngārara, ngā manu iti, me o ratou hua, waimāori, kia ekara, me te ururua. Ēnei prilovchilis te tohunga whiwhi pipi i ara nga anga tino roa, iho ratou i te teitei.
5. Kororā - he manu-connoisseurs. e kore ratou e whai i te ika piro Matiu ranei, rite mahi nga karoro te tītī ranei. kia tino puku o ratou kai, ngā reira o köurarangi, ika, kourarangi, ngū me cephalopods. kororā wāhanga Food, ruku ki te hohonu o 20-70 mita.

Ko te raruraru ki te uta

I tua atu ki manu me ngā kaihī ika hoariri he kararehe. Kai ika wha kararehe waewae kore ngaro te rave'a no te oaoa i te rihi tino. Rawa te rota o te ora "i aroha reka 'i runga i te awa. He aha ngā kararehe e kai ika? Tenei muskrat, ota, Shrew, muskrat. Hoki, he mea tino aroha o te mink me te kai i roto i te nui.