Ilya Mechnikov - kaihanga o te ariā pūtau o te wātea i te mate

I roto i te hawhe tuarua o te rau tau XIX, tākuta me ōmataora o taua wa kaha whakawakia te tūranga o tukumate i te whanaketanga o ngā mate hopuhopu, me te te whai wāhi ki te hanga i tētahi ārai mate tāwhaiwhai ki a ratou. arahina enei rangahau ki te ako o nga meka e pā ana ki te tiaki tūturu o te tinana i te mate. whakaekea Pasteur ki te hapori pūtaiao te whakaaro o pera-ka karanga "mauriora kaha." E ai ki tenei ariā, te mate viral ko te huru i roto i nei e kore ko te tinana tangata he matūkai mō te māngai hopuhopu hua. Heoi, e kore i taea e tenei whakaaro whakamārama he maha o ngā kitenga mahi.

Hoari: ariā pūtau o te wātea i te mate

puta tenei ariā i roto i te 1883. hāngai ana te kaihanga o te ariā o te wātea i te mate pūtau i runga i te mau haapiiraa o Charles Darwin, a ka hāngai i runga i te ako o ngā tukanga kūnatunga i roto i nga kararehe, e kua kei i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te kukuwhatanga. Kua kitea Kaituhi o te ariā hou-minted etahi ritenga i roto i te nakunaku intracellular o matū i roto i te pūtau kiriroto, amoebae, macrophages kiko me monocytes. Mau, te ariā pūtau o te mate i hanga e te kaikoiora rongonui Russian Ilya Mechnikov. Tona mahi i roto i tenei rohe roa roa nui. Whiwhi ratou hoki tae noa ki te pa Italian o Messina, i roto i nei ki te kaikoiora moroiti mau te whanonga o puruhi moana me ngā torongū o whetu moana.

kitea te kairangahau mate e pūtau pohehe kitea mea karapotia tinana manene te, a ka mimiti ratou. I tua atu, kia whakangaromia ratou, a ka veteki aua kopa e kore e i hiahiatia e te tinana atu. hanga e ia mau tautooraa nui ki te whakawhanake i tona ariā. Kua whakaurua te kaihanga o te ariā o te wātea i te mate pūtau, i roto i te meka, te wā "pūtau phagocytic" i takea mai i te kupu Kariki "fages" - ka kai "kitos" - pūtau. Ko te wā hou mooni e pā ana ki te tukanga o te kai pūtau. Kua tae mai te whakaaro o enei kaipūtaiao phagocytes he iti mua, i te mea kua ahau ako i te nakunaku intracellular i roto i ngā pūtau tūhonohono kikokiko i roto i hātaretare: kāri, amoebas me ētahi atu.

kia huaina nga māngai o te ao kararehe teitei nga phagocytes tino angamaheni ai ma pūtau toto, arā leukocytes. I muri mai, whakaekea te kaihanga o te ariā o te wātea i te mate pūtau ki te faaite i enei pūtau ki macrophages, me macrophages. whakapumautia te tika i te whakatutuki i tenei wehenga pūtaiao P. Ehrlich e rereke ai nga momo rerekē o leukocytes i te poke. I roto i ana mahi matarohia i oti rawa ki te māuiuitanga o te mumura, i taea ki te whakamatau i te tūranga o ngā pūtau phagocytic i te tukanga o te whakakorenga o tukumate te kaihanga o te ariā pūtau o te wātea i te mate. Kua i roto i 1901 ka haere ia ki te ao o tona mahi taketake i runga i te mate ki ngā mate hopuhopu. I tua atu ki te Ilya Mechnikov, he wāhi nui ki te whanaketanga me te whakahörapatanga o te ariā phagocytic o te mate i hanga e IG Savchenko, fy Chistovich, LA Tarasevich, AM Birch, VI Isayev me te maha o te tahi atu kairangahau.