Ko te hanga o te Nizhne-Bureya HPP, Amur Oblast

I roto i nga tau tata nei, mātātoa whakawhanake te rohe Far Eastern, i whakaritea e te reira i roto i Russia. Ko te mea tuatahi e hiahia ana ki te kia meatia i roto i te mekameka o te tautoko ora me te whakaihiihitanga o te whanaketanga - ko reira he whakatupuranga tonu me te tohatoha o te hiko. Hoki enei take, i roto i te rohe Amur hanga hurihiko, kei runga i te awa o Bureya. I roto i te 2003, i faaue ai Bureya teihana, i roto i te 2016 kua whakaritea reira te whakaaetanga o Nizhne-Bureya HPP.

Ko te hītori o te 30-doma

I roto i 1932, i te rau tau whakamutunga kua tīmataria rangahau pea awa Bureya i te rohe Amur. Na ka ka whakahaere te rangahau i te evanelia "Hydroproject". I tapahia te reira i rangahau kauhanga, anō i tīmatanga o te wāhanga tuatahi Bureysky Niniiraa. Hoki te Lower Bureya HPP tautuhia i roto i Doldykanskom tīaroaro, Kei raruraru te i 950 mita i runga ake i te pūruatanga o te awa Doldykan i Bureya.

Ko te tuatahi kaupapa hangarau i hanga i roto i te tau 1959, a i roto i 1986 whakaaetia reira. Whakatinanatanga o te hanganga rautaki nui-tauine kua whakatotoka kua i roto i te hononga ki te whakawhitinga o te ōhanga, i timata ki te parariraa o te USSR. O nga mahi whakamaheretia kawea atu ki te whakanohonoho o te iwi i ngā takiwā e waipuketia anake.

Ko te tuatahi HPP i te 2000

whakahoutia te hanga o te Nizhne-Bureya HPP i roto i 2007, engari e hiahiatia ana te kaupapa faatanoraa. whakatakotoria te mahere taketake i tāutanga o toru waeine huringa o 107 MW, engari taunga ki te kaha hou e hiahiatia ana ki te whakapiki ake i to ratou tokomaha ki wha, engari iti mana (80 MW). I whakaritea e hoki te reira ki te whakakapi i te kaupapa whaea oneone i runga i te pareparenga matau i runga i te taiepa raima. Pai ake a te tahi atu wahi o te tauira taketake. huringa me te whakaaetanga katoa oti i roto i 2011, me i te wa ano, ka timata te hanga.

Āhuatanga hoahoa

Ko te roa tapeke o te pēhanga raina mua Nizhne-Bureya teihana (rohe Amur, rohe Bureysky) he tata 746 mita, te teitei o te wāhi mōrahi - 42 mita. whakarite te turanga o te uruhanga wai whaea te whakawhetai ki te hanganga o te paru-a cementing te arai.

Ki te tautuhi anō i te whaea wai hangaia roa spillway raima o 123 mita me te teitei o te 47,75 mita. momo hangaia a hangaia spillway mata (5 wae) e taea te kati i roto i wāhanga e tikanga o mapuni ki actuators waipēhi. He makawe hanga, whawhe e kua kawea i roto i te tikanga o te warou gantry. Ko te pūngao o te wai tukua e kia tineia i roto i-hanga peihana te pahua a raima nei roa ko te 88 mita.

I te pareparenga matau o te whare teihana awa Bureya moenga awa hangaia. Ko tōna roa Ko tata 97 mita, teitei - e pā ana ki 58 mita. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakapakari i te taiepa o nga mahi i runga i te tāutanga o te pakitara mauhanga o te raima (100 mita te roa). ka hurihiko tipu te mana kia rite rawa ki wha wae waipēhi me generators. Tāutanga o taputapu i te tikanga o cranes rauata. Ko te kaha o te Nizhne-Bureya HPP - 1380 mita pūtoru o te wai ia te rua. ka hei issuance o hiko i runga i nga aho mana 220 Kw i rua teihanaroto: Arkhara ko Raichihinsk. whakaritea te katoa maha o kaimahi i runga i te hanganga i roto i te wā o te otinga ake ki te 2300 iwi.

awa

i hanga Nizhnebureyskaya awa te ki te otinga o te pēhanga hanga. kaha pai ka e 77 miriona mita pūtoru, me te tapeke - 2,034 piriona mita pūtoru o te wai. Ko te roa o te awa ki - 90 kiromita me te whanui mōrahi - 5 kiromita, te hohonu toharite ko te 13 mita. Kei te whakaritea te reira e ka kawea te utu wai i roto i kotahi i roto i te marama maramataka. Kei te whakaritea te reira e tupu i te whakakī o te awa ki muri i te tīmatanga o ngā wāhanga katoa o te pūngao Niniiraa Bureya i roto i rima ki te ono nga ra.

I raro i te waipuke whiwhi he iti iti iho i te 1,000 heketea o te pāmu, me te tata 9,000 heketea o te ngahere. I kainga te kore hipoki riri o te waipuke. Tae noa whakaritea te whakarewatanga o te teihana ko lesoochistka peihana awa heke mai.

whakatinanatanga o te mahere

I roto i te wā i 2011 ki te 2015 kawea i roto i mahi nui:

• Te hinonga ā-ture JSC "Nizhne-Bureya HPP".
• Keria he rua mo nga hanganga matua o te teihana.
• ka whakarapopototia 3 ara pereoo tū raina mana nui-ngaohiko.
• hanga te reira i te tipu raima.
• Hanga hanga taketake o ngā tipu mana hurihiko.
• Hanga hanganga noho o te pa a tawhio noa te teihana.
• Na roto i te mutunga o 2015 i hanga ai te mahi hanga matua, tae atu hanga hurihiko-kapohau me whakaurunga hurihiko ki whakapanga nga turanga mo mihini waipēhi.
• Construction o awa whaea parepare.

Whenua mō te hanga

kaha matapae o te teihana mana hurihiko Lower Bureya o 320 MW, te putanga toharite ia tau - 1.65 piriona Kw / h, i roto i te hotoke te kaha whakaritea o 147 MW. Construction o te tipu te mana, ko te tika ki te hiahia ki te faatitiaifaro hauruke moepō kōhikohiko atu kaha Bureya HPP whakahaere whakarunga o te awa o Amur. mawehe tenei rerekē ohorere o te taumata wai i roto i te awa ki raro (raro).

ka whakaputahia e te Lower Bureya teihana hiko kia whakahaua ki nga hiahia o nga taonga o "Transneft", me te ake āta - i runga i te hanga o te paipa hinu "Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean", he toku waro, te cosmodrome "Te Tai Rāwhiti". Hiko whakaputaina e te teihana, ka whakaora i te tahunga o e pā ana ki 700 taranata o wahie ia tau.

Amur rohe, rohe Bureysky i ngā, ka rite ki te hua o te hanga o teihana hanganga Niniiraa ka whakawhānui i ngā whai wāhitanga mō te whanaketanga, te whakapai ake i te tikanga ora o te taupori, ka kukume haumi atu, me te whakarite i te tomonga o kaimahi hou.

nunu'a kaiao

Places i reira te Lower Bureya HPP - he āhua tata toe. Huri noa pokanoa i roto i te pūnaha kaiao ko te rota o te tautohetohe, titau kāinga ke e kua te āhuarangi. He aha e ka te mau hopearaa e mohiotia anake i roto i te heke mai tawhiti.

A, no te hoahoa i whakaritea te wā mana, a kawea atu mehua tiaki i te taiao. Ko te rohe waipuke Lower Bureyskaya HPP i wāhanga zapovedniks "Irkun jw", "Zheludinsky". I hanga rahui hou "Bureysky" ki te utu mo te mate o te tiaki wāhi rohe. tahoê ia e rua o te rāhui, me te riro atu wāhanga o ngahere i roto i te wāhi o te poka Bureyskaya otaota Niniiraa huringa o runga me raro. Ko te rohe katoa o te rahui "Bureysky" ko 132 mano heketea.

I roto i te 2015, kawea mahi i roto i runga i te whakawhitinga o ngā tauira ahurei o me te ao kararehe o te rohe waipuke. Yuri Gafarov, tetahi o nga taiao e whai wāhi i roto i te mahi ki te whakanohonoho o otaota me ngaa kararehe, ka mea i hanga i te kohanga mo nga parera Mandarin me mau utuafare o te taaka Far Eastern. I hanga ano e ratou makariri me te kai hoki kararehe mohoao, whakatokia he maha nui o ngā tipu ahurei i te rohe waipuke ki runga ki te rohe o te rahui hou.

te ahunga whakamua o te mahi

E ai ki a Pao RusHydro, mo te kau ki reira, ko te tāutanga whakaritea o generators hurihiko, me te hanga tonu o te whaea. I roto i Pipiri 2016 te tiketike o te whaea, ko te 131 mita i runga ake te taumata moana, taumata kaupapa - 140 mita. Kua kawea hoki te hanga o te whaea tanumia ki puranga o te mahi i roto i waho whakaiti i te tere me te whakatikatika mo te wa hotoke. Hoki rua kōhao i roto i te whakapanga iho i te puranga whakamahia repo kōhao me whakawera whakaaro ahumahi hotoke. kihai i hukapapa Amur taputapu e manawapa me te iwi, engari i kahakina te mahi whakaritea i roto i nga wa katoa i roto i te wa.

E ai ki a S. Nikulin, kaipūkaha o hanga me te tari hangarau o te kamupene "Nizhne-Bureya HPP", ka mea i roto i August 2016, ko nga mahi katoa i roto i runga i te hōtaka i whakamaheretia. I roto i ngā, ka mea ia e hanga impeller kua eke mōkete mō wae waipēhi me te timata mīhini huri hiko tāuta. E ai ki a ia, te ahunga whakamua o te mahi e wahi i roto i te wā tino, i reira i te hohoro i reira he kore wahi. Ka rite ki te kaipūkaha tuhia e waeine waipēhi kōpuku pai katoa titau tata pū o te kaituhi kohatu, pai tahi nga wāhanga katoa kahore tetahi ngā āputa. Ua faaite oia i te māia e ka haere mai kua te nāianei tuatahi i roto i te pūnaha pūngao Far Eastern i 2016. Heoi, e tika ana ki te raruraru, me te pūtea iti mo etahi taonga, PJSC RusHydro whakahua te kaha ki te whakahaere i te teihana whakawhiti i roto i te 2017.

ka mau inaki Bureya awa wahi April 19, 2016, kei te haere rerenga wai inaianei i roto i te pūnaha hurihiko spillway. Hinaaro hanganga raima i roto i te hanga o te teihana ki te rā tata te i 90%.

meka ngā

Ripa Nizhne-Bureya HPP haere mai V. V. Putin, a kia rite ki te tohu pai i roto i te raima tuatahi ringihia maka wristwatch. Whakatapua Pihopa Lucian tīmatanga o hanga, kawea ano e ia ano i te pou ki te kaihanga o te tupu o te anahera koura, e te tāuta i teie nei i te wāhi tino teitei rawa o te mana hurihiko, hoko he tohu o te pae hanga me te kaitiaki, a muri te Niniiraa katoa.

Ki te rā, teihana matatini i runga i te awa Bureya - te kaupapa nui i roto i te pou-Soviet Russia, hanga i waho falala ki te faufaa ai'a o te USSR, e whakaatu te pūmanawa o te whenua, me ona taea tūturu. E rave rahi i roto i te rohe mahi tūtohutia te ki te haere ki te wahi i reira e tīmata i te mahi hohoro Nizhne-Bureya HPP. Wāhitau i roto i te rohe Amur: rohe Bureysky Bureysky kainga, rohe Gidrostroiteley, paturaa i 2, reta 3.