Ko te Life me mate o Socrates

Life me te mate o Socrates he tonu o nui moni e kore anake hoki hītori engari ano mo te tokomaha o ana faahinaaro. He maha ngā meka o tenei iku'anga whakaaro me te i ēnei rā noho he mea ngaro. hipokina te Life me mate o Socrates ki pakiwaitara. He tetahi merekara e korero tatou e pā ana ki tetahi o nga whakaaro nui o te wā katoa.

Origin o Socrates

Socrates - te philosopho o Athens rongonui, nei i whakawhiwhia te tohu rahi - Kōrero o Plato. I roto i a ratou, ko ia te protagonist.

Kei te mohiotia te reira e te papa o te philosopho heke mai, ko te stonemason (ranei toi) Sophroniscus me whaea - Fenareta. Pea ko tona papa te tangata tika rawa. hanga nga kairangahau tenei mutunga e hāngai ana i runga i te meka e i whawhai Socrates rite te hoplite, e ko, rite toa kaha patu. Ahakoa te taonga o ngā mātua, te philosopho ia kihai i tiaki e pā ana ki te rawa me te tino rawakore e te mutunga o te ora.

puna papā

ka whakaaturia Socrates tona whakaako anake i roto i te puka-waha. E matau ana tatou e pā ana ki reira i te maha puna, tetahi o i te mea he whakapakoko tohutoro, me ana comedies o Aristophane, parodies me ora. hanga Xenophon ko Platon e murimate Socrates whakaahua, ka tuhituhia i roto i te tikanga ve'a. Enei puna, Heoi, e kore e hāngai ki tetahi ki tetahi i roto i te tikanga maha. Te āhua, e hāngai ana Aristotle karere i runga i Plato. Kua whirihora He maha atu kaituhi i te hoa kino ranei, kua whai wāhi hoki, me te te kōrero o Socrates.

porohita Social o te filōsefa, te whai wāhitanga i roto i te whawhai

I te pakarutanga o te Peloponnesian War, ko 37 nga tau o te tangata tohe. I roto i te iwi i korero ai ia ki a ia ki a wai, i pūkenga i te porohita o Pericles - sophist Protagoras, Arakerauha kaiputaiao, kaiwhakatangitangi Damon, me te te ngingila Aspasia. He he taunakitanga i mohio ia ki te philosopho rongonui Anaxagoras. I roto i "Phaedo" a Plato kōrero Socrates e pā ana ki te inoino ite ia i te tai'oraa i te mau papa'iraa o Anaxagoras. He hiahia i roto i te tangata tohe whakangungua i roto i te dialectic o Zeno o Elea matou, i muri tae nga kauwhau o te sophist Prodicus, a ko te whai wāhi i roto i ngā tautohetohe ki Thrasymachus, Gorgias ko Antiphon. kitea Socrates ia i roto i te whawhai i te pakanga o Potidea, e pā ana ki te 432 BC. e., ka Delia (424 BC. e.) me i Amapipori (422 BC. e.).

Socrates - Delphic ahurewa

He taahiraa tino nui i roto i te whanaketanga o tenei philosopho ko tona karanga o te ahurewa Delphic, "te mohio o te tangata." ta tenei Plato i "whakapāha o Socrates". ahurewa Delphic whakaaro ia he rota e pā ana ki enei kupu. whakataurite ia ratou ki tona whakapono ki te anga ke, e ia "mohio anake e matau ia tetahi mea." ka haere philosopho ki te mutunga e ko tenei te mea hanga a ia te mohio, rite maha iwi kahore e mohio noa tenei. Ko te matauranga o te nui o to ratou ake ite ore, me kuware o te tahi atu iwi, ko te parau tumu whānui o ngā akoranga Socrates '. E tenei whakatenatena tatou kupu e kua whakairo i runga i te tomokanga o te whare o Apollo i Delphi. Enei kupu e: "Kia matau koe."

Socrates me tōrangapū

Na roto i te 423 BC. e. Ko kē Socrates he ahua nui, no te mea o te mea kua riro te ahanoa o whakaeke Sapphire i runga i rua pai-mohiotia nga pukuhohe Athens - Ameypsiya me Aristophane. Philosopho i kaitōrangapū, engari i roto i ona hoa i Alcibiades, Critias, ko Charmides Theramenes. he kau taki o nga rangatira e toru tekau, e huna e manapori i Atene te toru whakamutunga. Na ka haere mai Alcibiades ki te taiata ki tona kainga tupu, no te o aua wāhi tōrangapū. He he taunakitanga i taua kōrero ki enei iwi kino ia i te whakamatautauranga o Socrates.

I roto i te 406 BC. e. He hiahia i roto i tamata i te tangata tohe ki te ārai i ngā rautaki te rerenga tika, me te hohoro titoa e kua kawea mai ki te tika i muri riro te kaipuke o Athens te whawhai o Arginusskih motu matou. Kei te mohiotia ano te reira i e i roto i 404 BC waiho philosopho te whakahau o te toru tekau Leontiev hao rangatira ki Harami, i i whakaurua ki roto ki o ratou rārangi proscription.

ora whaiaro

Socrates, ka kua i roto i te koroheketanga ko ia, herea te kono ki Xanthippe. hoatu te wahine whanau ki toru tamariki philosopho. Ko reira taea e ko te faaipoiporaa tuarua o Socrates tenei. Ko rawakore philosopho. Ko whakataukī tona ahua rerekē, me te tapatahi.

Te tamataraa , me te mate o Socrates

puta Socrates i roto i 399 i mua i te marae i runga i utu o "takakino te tamarikitanga" me "te kino." tawhē Narrow o pōti, i kitea ia hara. A, no te kahore i hiahia te whakaaro ki te whakaae tona he, a tamata e kore ki te ui whakaraua hei utu o te mahi, kua pōti te mate o Socrates ake me te ake i te tamataraa.

ko philosopho i roto i te whare herehere mo te he marama, ka ka mahi i te rerenga kōrero. kawea whakaaro te kapu o te paihana (taru). inu ia reira, a ka rite ki te hua i reira kua tae mai te mate o Socrates. Taua mahi a Plato rite te "Phaedo", "Creighton" me "whakapāha o Socrates", e te parau e pā ana ki te whakamātautau, i runga i te aroaro o te tangata tohe i roto i te whare herehere, me tona mahi, tahuti ore itoito whakaaro o te moni ki a matou, te u o tona whakaharanga.

I roto i te tau 399 BC. e. i reira ko te mate o Socrates. Tau Kei te mohiotia tika reira, otiia e kore e taea te huaina te tau. Ka taea e anake tatou te mea e mate te tangata tohe i roto i te mutunga o Pipiri wawe Hōngongoi ranei. E ai ki te whakaaturanga o te kaituhi e toru o te tawhito (Apollodorus o Atene, Rimitiriu Falerskogo ko Platon), i te wa o te mate o te whakaaro i ahau 70 tau. e kore te mate o Socrates (te nuinga o ngā kaituhi tawhito nui ūngutungutu runga reira) haere mai i take taiao. A e tika ana ki te meka i inumia e ia te paihana. Ko te take o te mate o Socrates, Heoi, ka whakaara ake tonu feaa i roto i te tahi mau hītori. He nui i muri Plato i tona kōrero "Phaedo" tahuti ore te whakapakoko o te philosopho, i te mea ke ki te mate i roto i te natura, engari i raro i te mau huru, me mate i te tangata. Heoi, e kore a Platon ia i te matenga o tona kaiwhakaako. Ia e kore e fakafo'ituitui i kite i te mate o Socrates. whakaahuatia Plato poto i runga i te pūtake o ona to'utangata.

utu kuputuhi

Ko te kuputuhi o te utu ki te philosopho, i tuku ki te arotake ture, ka ora taua ki tenei ra. Hoki tenei ki te kia e whakapai i runga i tenei iti-mohiotia kaituhi rite Diogen Laertsky. Nona ia he tuhinga ui "I te kaupapa o te ora", uhinga ki te hawhe tuatahi o te rautau 3 BC. e. Tenei mōhiohio nui Diogen Laertsky, i tahuri, tono i nga mahi o Favorinus o Arles. Ko tenei tangata he admirer o onamata, philosopho me kaituhi. Ia anake i ora ai i te rau tau mua, Heoi, i roto i te taa ki Diogenes, kua iho kite ahau i te kuputuhi o te Atene Metroone.

whakaae te nuinga o te kairangahau nui e ko te reira i te hua o te whakatamarikitanga o te paihana ka puta mai te mate hautoa o Socrates. Heoi, e kore e taea e matou e matau rite pehea i reira. Ko te huru o te mate o Socrates - tetahi o nga taime tino ngā o tona mahi.

Ko te whakaako o Socrates

Socrates rite te kaiako, ko te ahua tino tautohetia. Tikanga, te kupu mate ki a ia, te whakamārama i te tupu o te manapori. Ko me ahau mea e i roto i 403 BC. e. faaho'ihia mai Atene i te tikanga e he tino whaitake, me te ngākau atawhai. okioki ia i runga i te mau parau tumu o te whakawātea tōrangapū, a tino whakaūtia. I roto i tenei take, kōrero katoa e i whakatupato i te nui, me te raima tino Socrates i "nei i te to'u tupú". Heoi, ka taea e koe anake imi eaha te tikanga o te tenei. I roto i te kōrero o Plato "Creighton" e pā ana ki te tiaki o te tangata tohe i ona utu o "kähaki te ture." Tēnā pea, tenei tohu e whakaaro te mana o Socrates i taitamarikitanga i te wa i te whawhai i runga i te turanga rawa o te pāpori o nāianei.

Te huri turanga tūmatanui

Ko te tangata taitama, i haere noa i te tau kura, i te wa o Homer ki te tiki "teitei mātauranga" i roto i te kōrero ki te tuakana. whakarongo ia ki a ratou tohutohu ā-waha, me te pee i te whanonga o ngā kaiako. Ko te kupu, riro te taitamarikitanga huru maitatai o te tangata pakeke. I roto i te whiriwhiri tōrangapū, i roto i te tahuri, i whakatupuranga ki whakatupuranga e tikanga o te whakatinanatanga o te kāwanatanga. Otiia i roto i te wa o Socrates kua mutu te porohita whānau ki te kawe i roto i enei mahi katoa. i whakawhitia ratou ki tetahi marae, kua riro nei te hanga i te whare, i whakaturia mō tenei whakaaro kua muri mate Socrates. Academy a Plato ko te tauira o te whakahaere. I ko te matenga o te tukanga rōpū hinengaro noa ki e No wai iti. kawea enei iwi te ariā o "ngaio" mātauranga o te Western Kariki me te Ionian.

He aha te mea te mauri o te utu i roto i te "nei i te to'u tupú"

i uaua rawa Socrates no te mea i ia ki te mahi i roto i Atene. I roto i te 423 BC. e. e rua noa pukuhohe - Aristophane ( "kapua") ko Ameypsy (kore tiaki pukuhohe "Conn") - tapaina philosopho, pera arahina e ia te kura whakahihi, e hāngai ana i runga i - te mau haapiiraa o te tutu filial me te tutu taitamariki. Tenei ariā o te moni ki a tatou whakaaro ki 399 BC. e. ö te reira i roto i te tiaki rongonui o Socrates i "nei i te to'u tupú". Ki te tahuri tatou ki te Kōrero o te ākonga philosopho, kitea tatou e pinepine ratou whakaara ake te pātai: E taea matua pakeke tuku te viivii ore o te taitamarikitanga, i te hiahia ki te ako āta ranei?

Socrates rite te kaikaranga o te whakaaro waitara

Ahakoa atu riro i roto i te whakaaro o te taitahi ahurea o raruraru, he ofi ki he mahara ki te aha tatou i te dialectic o Socrates i taua mana. I para tuatahi, ko reira mārama pehea ki te whakamārama i te meka e hoki e rua whakatupuranga kua mīharo tonu te Kariki rapunga o Socrates, tona mate i tino arorau. A ahakoa te meka i kite nga akonaki o te whakaaro te mea o te whakangaromanga.

Hei matau tenei, e hiahia ana koe ki te whakaaro he aha te tikanga o te kōrero i tangohia e te wa o te whanautanga o Socrates me pehea ke i te reira i muri mai. ko Atena i te wā o te otinga o te whakawhitinga ki te kupu i tuhituhia o te kupu. pā, i roto i te tahuri, ki te reo, me te putanga tenei te huringa i roto i te puka o te mahara. Ka taea te tautuhi ēnei huringa rite te whakawhitinga i te whakapakoko ki te oti'a, i rotarota ki te tuhi, i te pūmanawa ki te matauranga kouma. Ahakoa te whakaaro waitara whakaaro rite te hou, kitea mīharo. E ko Socrates tona kaikaranga.

Ko te "kapua" o Aristophane kataina philosopho rite te waitara whakaaro, pane "myslilnyu" rapu mō "whakaaro". Ano, i whakaurua e ia ki te ariā o te tohunga, ka tiu i te rangi, kia rite ki te mea i nga kapua. "Thoughts" whītiki kata i anake no te mea he ratou. Me mahara hoki käore te reira e i roto i whakamahi Aristofana Sokrat he kupu hou, korero ki te hāngai waitara, i roto i nei whakaaro tango āhua i roto i kōrero.

Nga akonga whakaaro mana'ona'oraa ki ngā ariā o te moni ki a matou, ka tawai e Aristophane, kua aroaro rite he whakamāramatanga rapu mō rerekē momo o ngā ariā waitara pērā i "ataahua" me "pai", me te te tukanga o te hanga i te reo pū, me te awhina o e taea tatou faaite kahore wheako motuhake, me te mōhiotanga ariā.

Life, mau haapiiraa, te mate o Socrates - tenei katoa e korerotia e tatou. i ahei te korero tetahi i te roa e pā ana ki tenei philosopho faahiahia. Te ti'aturi nei tatou e kua mura tenei tuhinga koutou moni ki a ia.