Ko te mahi, ko te "te puna o Bakhchisarai": whakarāpopoto

ruri o Pushkin o nui ki te toi e kore anake, engari ano hoki i te wāhi o te tirohanga o ako te kukuwhatanga o tona reka tuhituhi moni. I roto i ngā, i te wa pera he reira tino aroha o te mahi o Byron, a tuhituhi e rave rahi mahi i roto i te peehia o te pakeha rongonui. I roto ia ratou e "te puna o Bakhchisarai" - he mahi whakatapua rite i muri uru te rohi pehe ia, tona aroha, tona ingoa ko te ki tenei ra tonu te mea ngaro ki tona ngā kaituhi.

History o hanga

Ētahi kairangahau mōhio e rongo Pushkin te kōrero whaiāipo o te Crimean Khan hoki i roto i Petersburg. Heoi, te nuinga pea, ako ia i te reira i roto i tona haerenga ki a Bakhchisarai ki whānau General Rajewski i te ngahuru wawe o 1820 tau. Ano, e kore te whare e kore te puna e kore maere ia, no te mea ko ia i roto i te koroua tino.

whakarewahia te mahi i runga i te pehepehe "te puna o Bakhchisarai" (ihirangi whakaaturia i raro nei) i roto i te puna o tau 1821, engari tuhituhi te nuinga o te rohi pehe i roto i 1822. I tua atu, kua mohiotia ai e i hanga te tomokanga i te 1823, ka oti me te faaineineraa no te tā hanga Vyazemsky.

Ko wai ka te tauira o nga pūāhua o te rotarota "Te puna o Bakhchisarai"?

Ko tētahi o nga tautohe o tenei mahi ko Khan Giray, kaua Qırım Giray, te rangatira o te Crimea, i kingi i 1758 ki nga tau 1764th. I reira ki a ia i te whare o Bakhchisarai puta "puna o roimata" me maha atu whakaurunga. I roto ia ratou e tu ana i te moengaroa, i tanumia rite ki te kōrero aroha whakamutunga Khan - Dilara-Bikech patua e ringa poisoner. E te ara, etahi kairangahau whakapono e ko te reira i roto i te mahara o tenei kotiro i hanga tohu mapere tangi, te wähi o te taka o te wai. Ko te kupu, ko reira taea e kore ko te wahine pūrotu tūturu, oti rawa nei te ki te maau "Te puna o Bakhchisarai", he whakarāpopototanga o nei homai te raro, he kotiro Polish ko Maria. haere mai hea tenei kōrero e pā ana ki te rangatira i? Mahalo ka haere ake i roto i te whānau Sofi Kiselevoy, nee Potocka, ki i he rawa hoa te rohipehe.

"Ko te puna o Bakhchisarai" Pushkin. Whakarāpopototanga o te wahi tuatahi

I roto i tona whare pouri Khan Giray wareware te toenga me te oaoaraa. Kei te kore ia paanga e kore whawhai ranei nga ravea o hoariri. haere ia ki nga wahi o te wahine, te wahi tana wahine ataahua pouri i roto i te hiahia mo tona awhi, ka rongo ana te waiata o te hunga waiata nei ratou ki te kororia o te Georgian Zarema, karanga tona wahine ataahua. Heoi, ko te tino rawa o te rangatira kore ataata rite mutu Khan aroha ia, a inaianei kingi i roto i a Meri taitamariki tona ngakau. tata ka tenei kotiro Polish te whare wahine Bakhchisarai whare , a e kore e taea wareware whare o tona papa, me tana tūranga tamahine koropiko papa tawhito me te o hari wahine marena hou mo te maha rangatira ware, te hunga e rapu tona ringa.

Pehea i riro i te tamahine a te kingi Giray Khan o pononga-kotiro tenei? Tatar mano tini waipuke ki Poland, a i pakaru te whare o tona papa o, a ka noho ia hei ratou taonga, me te homai utu nui ki tona ariki. I roto i te whakarau, ka ia manatū, a ko reira inaianei hari anake - he inoi ki te aroaro o te whakapakoko o te whakapaingia wahine, nei ra me te po rama rama inextinguishable. Maria te kotahi anake te tangata i roto i te whare o te Khan whakaaetia ki te pupuri i roto i ana tohu ruma pūtau-o te whakapono Karaitiana, a tae noa e kore e kitea te taimaha whakakorikoria ona rangimarie me te noho takitahi.

Scene Maria ko Zarema hui

Ko haukotia Next kōrero me te whakawhiti i te mahi ki te wahi o te whare, te wahi ruma e Meri.

haere mai te Po. Heoi, e kore e moe Zarema, e sneaks ki te ruma ki te kotiro Polish me kite te whakapakoko o te wahine ko Meri. Georgian mo te tuarua manatu tona whenua tawhiti, engari ka taka tona mata i runga i te Meri moe. tuturi Zarema i mua o te Polish Princess me taparu ia ki te hoki ki tona ngakau Giray. ui rų Maria tana wahine e arohaina o Khan, e hiahiatia e ia he herehere pouri, moe e pā ana ki anake ki te haere ki tona papa te rangi. Na parau Zarema ia e kore ia e mahara pehea te mutunga ake i roto i Bakhchisarai Palace, engari kihai pononga i riro i te pikaunga ki a ia, kia rite ki a ia i aroha Giray. Heoi, ko te ahua o Maria huna tona oaoa, a ki te kahore e hoki ia ia ki te ngakau o Khan, kihai i mutu ia i tetahi mea. Ka oti tona korero, he Hōriana ngaro, te revaraa'tu Meri ki ka tangi nei tona kawa rota me moemoea o te mate e te reira te mea pai ki te whakarau o te Khan a wahine iti.

tërä

Kua manawa. haere a Meri ki te rangi, engari i taea ki te hoki mai Zarema Giray. Ano, i taua po ano, ka mahue te rangatira i tenei ao kino, i maka he Georgian ki te moana. i tukua Khan ia ki nga ahuareka o te whawhai i roto i te tumanako ki te wareware e pā ana ki te kotiro Polish ataahua, a kihai i whakahoki ai. Otiia kihai ia i manuïa, a hoki ana ki Bakhchisarai, whakahau Giray ki whakatū i mahara o Princess puna e, e mohio te wahine Tauris tenei kōrero pouri, ka karanga "puna o roimata".

"Te puna o Bakhchisarai": te tātari o whakapakoko o te marohirohi

Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, ko Khan Giray tetahi o nga pūāhua pokapū o te rotarota. I tua atu, mamae te kaituhi i te hītori. I muri i te katoa, tona huru whakakorikoria "te ravea o Genoa", arā. E., ia ora e kore i muri ake i 1475, te tau, me te te rongonui puna i hanga i roto i te 1760s. Heoi, whakaaro fakaangá tuhituhi tenei te āputa i waenganui i mau hītori romanticism rawa māori, me te tūturu.

I tua atu i roto i te tahi mau ngā whiti o Byron, te "huru-rāwhiti" he tona enemi-Pākehā. Heoi, ko reira Pushkin ia Giray, e hinga i roto i te aroha ki te Meri Karaitiana haere atu i ona mau parau tumu rawhiti me peu. Na, he mea kore nui riri Zarema, e riro Mohammedan wahine. I tua atu, faatura i te reira i te mau mana'o o te rangatira i Polish, tae atu ki ngā hunga karakia.

Ka rite ki hoki nga whakapakoko wahine, te ataahua rawhiti Zarema, mo e te mea matua i roto i te ora - te aroha titorehanga, Pushkin rerekē kohakore Princess Meri. O nga pūāhua e toru e kua māngai i roto i te pehepehe "Te puna o Bakhchisarai" (whakarāpopoto homai anake te whakaaro hemo o te taketake), te tino ngā Zarema. Tona whakapakoko whärite te "Eastern" Giray Khan me kotiro Polish "uru", e moemoeā anake o te rangatiratanga o te rangi. I muri i te whakarerenga iho a Byron i te rotarota i runga i "Te puna o Bakhchisarai" Pushkin (he whakarāpopototanga o tenei mahi e kite i runga) rau te Karauna rota. I roto i ngā, mōhio te kaipānui ko e mate a Maria, engari pehea me aha e taea anake te fifili reira i.

Tetahi, engari hero popohe o te pehepehe "Te puna o Bakhchisarai" Ko iho he tohu mapere whakaarahia Giray. He titiro ki te hanumi ki roimata kotahi whakahekea e Meri te aroaro o te icon o to tatou Lady, me rire wai, i patua pouri Zarema. Ko te kupu, (ko tātari o te hua tonu he mea o te tautohetohe e tau ana tuhituhi) te maau "Te puna o Bakhchisarai" ka tuarua te pehepehe Byronic e Pushkin me tona takoha ki romanticism.

hītori tānga

Ko te ruri "te puna o Bakhchisarai", he whakarāpopototanga o e he mōhio ki kua koe, i whakaputaina tuatahi Maehe 10, 1824 i roto i St Petersburg. Na te kaituhi o ona Tà ka Vyazemsky, e tuhituhia ana e ia i roto i te ahua o te kōrero i waenganui i "matarohia" me "kaiwhakaputa". I tua atu, i muri i te kuputuhi o tona pehepehe "Te puna o Bakhchisarai" (whakarāpopototanga o te mahi koutou kua mohio) whakahau Pushkin Vyazemsky ki tā te kōrero e pā ana ki te haere o te kaituhi Tauris I. M. Muraveva-Apostol. He whakaahuatia te papa o toru Decembrists rongonui tona haerenga ki te whare o Khan Giray me ore whakahuatia e pā ana ki te kōrero mo tona aroha mo Marii Pototskoy.

Ko te ori "te puna o Bakhchisarai"

I roto i te tau 1934, te tau i te rongonui Soviet kaitito B. Astafieva te whakaaro ki Tuhituhi te waiata hoki horeodramy o AS Pushkin. Ko te take i te maau "te puna o Bakhchisarai", he whakarāpopototanga o nei aroaro te runga ake, kua roa ngā aro rite te whenua whai hua mo te hanganga o te mahi waiata mīharo. I maoro, i roto i te mahi tahi ki te librettist N. Volkov, kaiwhakahaere S. Radlov me kaiwhakaara R. Zakharov B. Astafev ori i hanga, i te mea kua neke atu i te 80 nga tau e kore e waiho e te scene o maha whakaari Russian, me te ao.

Na e koutou matau ki ta "Bakhchisarai puna" - he pehe e Pushkin, ia hanga i roto i te fakaakoako atu o Byron i tonga hono.