Ko te paipa hau "Stream Blue": ngā meka

"Stream Blue" - ko te nui rawa puta noa i te hau paipa Moana Black, i roto i nei tukua wahie te i Russia ki Turkey. I hanga te reira e te peka Tatimana o OOO "Gazprom" BV me Italian "eni" a ka whakahaere i roto i 2005. Wāhanga o te paipa i runga i te rohe Turkish whakahaeretia e te kamupene pūngao rohe BOTAS. I raro i te mana o te toenga o te Russian Federation. Ko te whāinga matua o te "Stream Blue" - ki etahi te tuku o te hau Russian ki Turkey, bypassing whenua tuatoru.

History o hanga

timata faaineineraa o te kaupapa o te paipa hau i roto i 1997. I roto i te Hakihea, hainatia Russia me Turkey he kawenata te äpiti i runga i te hanga o te teihana takutai. I te wa ano, "Gazprom" kua whakaae ki te kamupene BOTAS e pā ana ki e rua tekau-rima kirimana mo te supply o wahie. I roto i te Hui-tanguru 1999, i hainatia te pukapuka i waenganui o te Russian me te taha Italian, me te i whakapumautia te peka Tatimana.

kawea Construction o te "Stream Blue" i roto i te 2001-2002. I hangaia wāhanga moutere i te kamupene Itari Saipem, me te whenua Russian - "Stroytransgaz". "Stream Blue" tīmata ki te mahi i roto i te Hui-tanguru 2003. Heoi, e tika ana ki te pakanga i waenganui i Russia me Turkey mo te utu o te wahie i te hui whakatuwheratanga mōhiohio o te teihana hau kia inea te Darusu haere Mahuru 17, 2005 anake. I tae te reira e te Russian te peresideni Vladimir Putin, nga minita pirimia o Turkey me Itari.

āhuatanga Hangarau o te paipa hau

timata "Stream Blue" ki te mahi i te kaha tonu i roto i te tau 2010. Ko tōna kaha e puta he 16 piriona mita pūtoru. Ko te roa tapeke o te "Stream Blue" - 1213 kiromita. haamata te wahi Russian Izobilnoye hau whakato i muri ki Stavropol me mutu i roto i te rohe Krasnodar. kiia whānuitanga nui mō te Turkey - 444 km. Kei te whakamahia te putorino maha ki diameter rerekē: wahi whenua - 1400 mitamano, maunga - 12000, hereni i - 610. te pēhanga tae 25 MPa. whakaaro "Stream Blue" paipa ko te hohonu i roto i te ao. Rere te reira i runga i 2.2 kiromita i raro taumata whenua.

I roto i te 2014, tae Turkey me Russia te kawenata i runga i te whakatairanga i te kaha o 3 piriona mita pūtoru. Ano, kawea whakahounga o utu wahie i roto i.

Pūtea me te uaua tuatahi

"Stream Blue" - ko reira he kaupapa rawa hao. tīmata tana whanaketanga tūturu i roto i te 1987, ka timata Turkey ki kawemai hinu i te USSR. I te tīmatanga, ko te nui 0.5 piriona mita pūtoru, i tenei ra kua tupu te reira i roto i 34 nga wa. Tenei whare - ko te kaupapa tino hao tenei. timata raruraru i roto i te wā tuatahi, na i tīmata ai ki te roa o nga tau e toru. Ko te tapeke utu o te hanganga o te paipa moni ki 3.2 piriona US tāra. utua ia mo tahi i taha Turkish me Russian. Kua te hoahoa o te wahi moutere o US $ 1.7 piriona kua pau.

i muri tonu i te whakarewatanga o te paipa hau, kī te taha Turkish e kore ko reira rite ki te tango i taua rahinga o wahie. Kia kore ai kore o te kaupapa, heke te Russian Federation te utu, a faaoti ki tapahia kai. Ko tenei totohe kihai i mutu i reira. I roto i te 2004, i Vladimir Putin ki te wawao a tae noa ki te whakaiti i te utu ki te taumata o deliveries o te ara Bulgarian.

Ko te paipa "Blue Stream 2"

Ko te kaupapa ko te huarahi hou i whakaarohia tuatahi i roto i te tau 2002. Russian te peresideni Vladimir Putin me Turkish Pirimia Recep Tayyip Erdoğan kōrero te hanga o te aho tuarua, me te toronga o te paipa ngā te whakamahi i te hononga Samsun-Keyhen me manga i roto i te Tonga-Eastern Europe. kaha Development o te kaupapa kua i muri i te whakatau o te whenua e rima ki te timata hanga o te "Nabucco". Heoi, i te reira hohoro ka te korero o whakawhänui te kaupapa i raro i te ingoa "Stream Tonga". e hono hāngai te paipa hou ki Bulgaria ko Russia. Ko tenei kua whakatotoka reira no te mea o te ähua o whanaunga ki Ukraine.

I roto i te 2009, Vladimir Putin, rite pirimia e marohitia huarahi e rere whakarara ki te "Stream Blue" i raro i te Moana Black, a tonu i runga i tona ara i Samsun ki Keyhen. Mai i reira i taea e kawe ia hau tūturu ki Hiria, Putu, a Iharaira, me te Kaiperu. Ki te rā, ko te anake tenei kaupapa he mea o roa-whānui tirohanga, whakahōu tetahi o tona mana ano.

Tiaki i te taiao

Kua Construction o te "Stream Blue" Kua pā ana ki amuamu nui-tauine envayrontamentalistov. Otiia kihai i whai ratou i te pānga nui i runga i te tukanga, kia rite ki te pā aromatawai pānga taiao whakakitea he iti ki a ia e whara ana. i haere tonu Construction, kua whakamatauria te whakarewatanga kaupapa e kahore he take nui mō te āwangawanga. Ko e tautohetia enei whakatau tata katoa, no te mea he tino hiahia i roto i tona mahi rōpū katoa. Ano, whakamātautau katoa i mahi te nuinga Russia, hoki i te mea te "Stream Blue" o faufaa rautaki, rawa i muri i te exacerbation o ona whanaunga ki Ukraine, me tio "awa Southern". Ahakoa i roto i te take o maumaui kitea o te taha American kihai i pai i rahua ki te wawao.

āhua o nāianei

Ko te paipa hau "Stream Blue" - he kaupapa i meinga nei hei te pūtake o te mahi tahi rautaki i waenganui i Russia me Turkey i roto i nga rāngai pūngao, me te waka. Ngā raina tauwhiro haere i roto i Ukraine, Moldova, Romania me Bulgaria. hanga wahie transportation uta reira te utu atu, i reira kua maha amuamu e pā ana ki te tahae o ana āhua, i roto i te rohe o i rere ai ia.

Otiia i te timatanga o te mahi o te kaupapa "Stream Blue" kua mau fifi, tae atu i roto i Russia. Ka rite ki faaite e whakamātautau i hanga e te Kaute Chamber, ka mau te kamupene Italian painga nepolagayuschimisya ona painga. Tenei, o te akoranga, kua meinga kino ki te pūtea kāwanatanga. Tohunga whakatau tata e i roto i te tau 2003 anake moni reira ki US $ 1 piriona.

Raruraru me Prospects

Russian parau tumu tuatahi tā te hanga o te paipa hau i raro i te Moana Black. Ko tētahi o nga whāinga kaupapa here whakaturia e te ara iahiko "Stream Blue", i reira ko he hiahia ki te hinga whakataetae i roto i te kawe hau ki Europe. Ko te whenua hoki i te whawhai katoa - ko Turkey. "Stream Blue" arotahi te i runga i tona rohe, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te kaupapa i muri. Kua i Noema 1999, hainatia Turkmenistan, Turkey, Azerbaijan ko Georgia he kawenata te äpiti i runga i Trans-Kapiana ara. I muri i te marama torutoru i runga i tenei kaupapa mo te kapa o ārahi kamupene Genaral Electric ko Royal Dutch Anga. Otiia ka whakatika tautohe, na whakatārewatia te hanga i waenganui i te rōpū.

Ki te rā, ahakoa te faaino i te United States, "Stream Blue" ko o faufaa rautaki, me te ti'aturiraa o Europa i hau Russian he whakaroau.