Ko te tikanga anti-manapori: te ariā me ngā momo

He aha te tikanga tōrangapū anti-manapori? I te mea whenua kua tautuhia reira? He aha ngā āhuatanga e? Nahea te putanga o tikanga whakahaere anti-manapori? Tenei ko te rārangi wāhanga o ngā take kia e ka aparauhia i roto i tenei tuhinga.

He aha i huaina ko tikanga tōrangapū?

Tenei ara o te whakarite i te pūnaha o whanaunga, e whakaata te hononga o te hapori, me te mana. Nui i tenei wāhi o te tirohanga ko te taumata o te haere noa tōrangapū me te o te ora i roto i te āhua. I roto i te tuhaa maha he tika ki te tapae i te ahurea, ngā tikanga, ngā āhuatanga hītori o te whanaketanga o te whenua o tenei. arahina tenei katoa ki te meka e whakamanamana katoa kāwanatanga he tikanga tōrangapū ahurei.

Otiia i roto i te noa'tu o taua āhuatanga, ite i ngā ōritenga - ohie pakihi. Na reira, te whakamahi i rua ngā ariā whānui i roto i te tuhinga pūtaiao: tikanga anti-manapori me te manapori. Ka kia whakaaro ratou i roto i te whakarara ki na te whakatairite i te whakaaro whānui o te mea e ratou. Ka rite ki ki nga āhuatanga hangarau e tika ana e te kaipānui e te wehea atu te tikanga anti-manapori ki te fakaaoao, me te totalitarian.

taunakitanga

He aha te āhuatanga e tikanga whakahaere tōrangapū? No te tahi mau āhuatanga, ka taea e koe te kōrero e pā ana ki te tangata e he inaianei i roto i te mana? Tohu o te tikanga anti-manapori e whai ake nei:

1. Nuinga e kino, me te wehi.
2. Ko te kore o te pluralism tōrangapū.
3. No pato'iraa ki te rōpū te faatere.

Na kaiwhakamana tikanga manapori rite tona antipode:

1. Ko te tikanga o te ture.
2. He he he wehenga o mana (whakahaere,-ture, me te ture).
3. He tūturu, e kore parau tika tōrangapū me te pāpori, me herekore o tangata.
4. E pōtitia nga mana tūmatanui.
5. He mātātoa i roto i te whakapai ake pato'iraa hapori me te pluralism hoki.

kia utu hoki tatou whakarongo ki kōrero taketake. A, no te he tikanga fakaaoao , hāngai te mana tōrangapū i roto i te ringa o te rōpū o tangata ranei te takitahi ngā. Otiia tera taha te ao tōrangapū tonu ngā free. I raro i te tikanga totalitarian te tonu piri te mana e te mana. tahi ana tēnei e te maha nui o tinana hi'opo'araa. A, no te tikanga whakahaere manapori whakaaro ki hei te puna matua o te iwi kaha. hāngai ana ngā taunekeneke i runga i te mau parau tumu o te haere noa, me te ōritetanga. Na he aha ngā mahi i te tikanga anti-manapori?

Mana

I roto i tenei take, ka korero e pā ana ki te anti-manapori tikanga kāwanatanga, te tikanga o theocracy, arikitanga, neototalitarizm, ture hōia, ranei te mana whaiaro. Mana maha haere tahi me te tonotono. Ko te tino ngaro pato'iraa tōrangapū, engari i roto i te tahi atu wāhi (taiao, rongoa, me te pera i runga i) Kei te ora taua te mana motuhake o te takitahi. Ka taea e koe te tīpako i taua āhuatanga:

1. Power he āhua mutunga, me te haere noa o te tangata whakahuatia i roto i te puka o te faatîtîraa, arikitanga, te junta hōia, me pera i runga i.
2. I runga i te kaha. Otiia e kore e te meka e ka huihui te tikanga fakaaoao ki te tāmitanga papatipu. Ka taea e ara e te reira i rongonui i roto i te taupori whānui. Otiia ki te mea hei hiahia, i tetahi mahi ki te faahepo tangata ki tāpaetanga e taea te mau.
3. Ko te heriheri o te ao tōrangapū, me te mana.
4. kawea ētahi o te cadres ārahi i roto i te tahi-optation, a kihai te whakamahi i nga tikanga o te whakataetae. Ano hoki i te mea o tenei, i reira ko te raruraru ki tonu me te whakawhiti o te kaha.
5. Kahore he kahore katoa mana ki runga i te hapori. tahi ana tēnei e te tetahi tohu o te pokanoa-kore i roto i te ao o tōrangapū.

He aha te Mana

Kei te wehea te reira ki wāhi rerekē o te rōpū katoa me ona ake āhuatanga. Ka taea e kia etaeta fakaaoao, āhua, ohaoha, whāia, me tikanga whakahaere iwi-tāmau whenua. He Ia o ratou ona ake āhuatanga.

tu te toru tuatahi i roto i tika ki rerekē pakeke o te mahi o te mana. hāngai Mana whāia i runga i te taimaha. National-tāmau whenua whakamahi aratau tahoê katoa (te nuinga ranei) o te whakaaro o te hanga i te totalitarian te hapori manapori ranei. ni'ai Ie Mana he tūranga takawaenga.

totalitarianism

Ko te āhuatanga o tenei aratau - wātea o te mana ki runga i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te hapori i te mana. Ano, kua tokoiti te reira (rangatira rōpū ranei). Hoki āhuatanga ko te aroaro o te Māoritanga kotahi, i te mea whakahauanga hoki tangata katoa. whakamahi te reira i te aroturuki kaha, me te mīhini hi'opo'araa ki te whakarite kia kore dissent. whakamahia whānuitia tāmitanga pirihimana me te whakaweti. Ko te whāinga o te tikanga whakahaere fakatikitato i roto i te pā ana ki tangata ko te ki te hanga i te tuakiri hāngū, i te mea e pängia ana ki te tāpaetanga. I raro i te mana me te uruhi ture tomo nga mahi katoa o tangata. He aha ngā āhuatanga e tenei tikanga kāwanatanga anti-manapori?

tohu o te totalitarianism

Ka taea te whakarapopototia ratou ake i roto i wha ngā:

1. He he he rōpū papatipu anake. Ka rite ki te tikanga, e ahu i te reira e te rangatira whai mana. Hoki i reira ko te hanumi, te tuitui o te kāwanatanga me te rōpū hanganga, te painga i roto i te āhuatanga o te faufaa ko te kotahi whakamutunga.
2. titau Centralization me monopolization o te mana e te faufaa tino he mateaki ki te rōpū i roto i te āhua. Material, He Tuarua uara fakalotú, rerehua, me te tahi atu. A, no te mea o rohe i waenganui i nga ao o te ora i tenei ngaro, whakaaro te whenua katoa te rite te puni kotahi.
3. He tetahi o te Māoritanga mōhiohio. Rāwaho ki te whakawhetai mahara ki te nui, me te hāngai tangohia reira rite te ara tino anake o te whakaaro. He āhuatanga o tenei Māoritanga ko e ko te aronga i runga i ngā uara ngā (iwi, iwi, kāwanatanga, piha hapu ranei). He he ātete ki tetahi dissent.
4. He he pūnaha o te wehi hinengaro, me te tinana. Hanga he āhua pirihimana, e whakamahi ana te parau tumu o "anake te mea e whakaaetia, he aha i korerotia ki nga mana."

Ko enei nga āhuatanga e rerekē momo o tikanga whakahaere anti-manapori. Otiia inaianei kitea e kore e taea te tahi mea tino, kia tino ki reira he āhuatanga o ētahi atu hanganga tōrangapū. Na reira, ki te matau i te rerekētanga i waenganui i tikanga manapori me te undemocratic, whakaaro nga āhuatanga o te tuatahi. O te akoranga, mahi tenei i runga i te tauira pai o te āhua.

Manapori me ona tohu

Mai i te wā Kariki tikanga "manapori". E whakaaro noho o āhua ki taua pūnaha te puna matua o te tika.

He nga āhuatanga e whai ake nei manapori:

1. Te pōtitanga. Citizens pōtitia ki mana tūmatanui i runga i te taahiraa rite.
2. Ko te wehenga o mana. He manga ture, whakahaere, me te ture e te hunga motuhake.
3. hapori Civil. Ka taea e te iwi whakaawe i te mana, whakawhetai ki te whatunga nui o ngā rōpū tūao hapori.
4. Takatāpui. E tika ā-iwi, me te tōrangapū rite katoa.
5. Pluralism. E whakaute whakaaro o ētahi atu iwi, me te mana'o. I roto i te press kahore he aukatinga me te reira he mārama oti.
6. Tukunga. tikanga whanaungatanga e ki te kitea te otinga whaihua. E pau pakanga tikanga ture.

A, no te kōrero iwi e pā ana ki te tikanga whakahaere tōrangapū: manapori me te anti-manapori - reira kia raruraru ki te māramatanga o te kōrero riro hoki o etahi whakapono, me te mentality. Well e tauturu te reira ki te akakoromaki i noho wā roa-i roto i te rohe o te whenua ngā.

Ko te tikanga anti-manapori: heterogeneity me ngā āhuatanga

Kua tatou whakahuatia kē e he rerekē i roto i te natura te tikanga. Mō korero te tikanga tōrangapū anti-manapori i nga ra o te mua: i reira rongonui despotism me te matawaenga. I roto i te take tuatahi tikanga reira te mana te noho, me te mutunga, e hāngai ana nei i runga i arbitrariness. hāngai matawaenga te i runga i te tikanga kotahi-tangata, ka poka noa te mana kei te ka whakatinanahia tikanga nanakia o tona whakatinanatanga. He āhuatanga motuhake o tenei momo o te displacement ko te kāwanatanga tika i roto i te tukipoto d'Etat i te tikanga o te tutu.

Hoki hei wāhanga o te whakatinanatanga mahi o te moni he tikanga hōia. E hāngai ana ratou i runga i te meka e te mana, he upoko tūturu o te ope patu (hei kē ki - te ratonga haumarutanga). E whakatakoto ana te reira i te reira te whakawhetai ki te tukipoto, ina e whakahaua nga mahi ki te kāwanatanga o civilians tika.

i tino rongonui i roto i te rau tau whakamutunga (engari fakasiokālafi iti, ratou Ahia, Africa, Latin me Amerika ki te Tonga) tikanga whakahaere Antidemocratic o āhua o tenei momo. I muri ratou whakatūnga hanga taputapu hōia, me te pirihimana rārātini, i ngā te ope, nga ratonga haumarutanga me te maha o ētahi atu tari ki te whakahaere i te taupori, rōpū tūmatanui , me pera i runga i. Ko Ko anake te ariā whānui o te tikanga anti-manapori o tenei ahua tenei. Hei hei pai mōhio, kia wehe titiro take ia takitahi.

mutunga

Here ano to tatou ki te matau ki ta nga tikanga whakahaere manapori me te anti-manapori, me te te āhuatanga o te muri. Aue, i konei kanohi reira te matamata anake o te huka mōhiohio. Hei mahino pai te ariā o te tikanga anti-manapori me ona āhuatanga tahi me onäianei e hiahia ana koe ki te ako i te nui nui o motuhake, matatau arotahi tuhinga.