Ko te whakaoranga o Belgrade i nga kau Nasí, i roto i te 1944

2014 I taonga i roto i whakanui. I muri i te katoa, 70 matahiti i teie nei, ka mau te whakaoranga o Belgrade, Bucharest, Sofia me maha atu pa me pito o Europa i te hōia Soviet. Rawa whakamaharatanga tenei tau ki nga teina Serbia, te wahi ki tenei ra mahara te itoito o te hoia o te Army Whero. Mai ka mau te whakaoranga o Belgrade wahi i roto i te tau 1944, i te whakatangihanga a Soviet me kau taki hōia Tararā he wāhi tino hira?

prehistory

tīmata te mahi o Yugoslavia i hōia Nasí i muri i te pū kaha o Belgrade April 6, 1941. i muri tonu i tenei hanganga o te kaupapa pakanga. Na te tīmatanga vai nga parirau e rua: arikitanga me kominiusi. Ko reira mārama e kua whakaritea e nga Hoa ki te tautoko i nga kaitautoko o te whakahekea Kingi Pita II. timata Heoi, i 1943 i te monarchists, ranei, rite e huaina ratou, nga Chetniks, tino whakahengia purenga iwi o te taupori kore-Serb o Yugoslavia me te Soviet me kāwanatanga Ingarangi ki te tautoko i nuitia te rangatira Communist Josip Broz Tito.

Ko te āhuatanga i te mua i mua i te pokanga Belgrade

Nā ki tona tūranga matawhenua, kua tonu kua Serbia he wāhi rautaki i roto i te Balkans. Na reira, i pupuri te whakahau Tiamana i nga ra tuatahi o te mahi o tenei wahi o Yugoslavia reira nui kaha. Ano, i muri i te angitu o te Army o Whero i Romania ko Bulgaria, a kua tukua ai ki te Tanupi Serbia riro noa atu nui mo te Wehrmacht. Ko te meka Ko e i runga i nga rohe rawhiti o te whenua i haere nga Tiamana ki te whakarite i te rārangi korero ki nga hoia Soviet atu, e pai haere atu ona hōia i Kariki me Makeronia, a kia tonoa ratou ki te tiaki i nga rohe o Germany. Ko te kupu, ko reira kitea ai te whakaoranga o Belgrade (1944) ka kia uaua, me te ka rapua e te faaineineraa pai.

I roto i ngā, atu 28 Hōngongoi 1944 o te NLA o Yugoslavia i i Bosnia ki Serbia, a i roto i Mahuru timata ki te hopu ki te ope Soviet ake. I whakaaetia anaanatae te rongo o te huarahi o te Army Whero i nga tangata o te whakapaipai Yugoslav, hoki i ko reira he tohu e te whakaoranga o Belgrade he tata. I tua atu, i roto i te tīmatanga o te ngahuru, faaoti te whakahau Tiamana ki te haere atu i te Balkans ki Hungary Army Group "E", a ka whakapuakina te whakaoranga o Bulgaria whawhai i runga i Germany, a kopani e ki te mua Ukrainian Whakahaua ahau III, II me IV o te Army Bulgarian.

Tīmata o te mahi

I roto i te wā i te 15 ki te 21 Mahuru 17 Air Army i whakahau e te whakahau Soviet ki piriti poma me ētahi atu taonga nui, ai te ārai i te withdrawal o ngā hōia Tiamana i nga rohe tonga o Yugoslavia me Kariki. Na, i runga i Mahuru 28 timata te ino i runga i Belgrade 57th Army, e i te taha matau taupokina te Tanupi kahupapa, takoha ratou ara i roto i nga maina. hōia Soviet i roto i te mahi ki te wahi NOAYU i roto i te wa poto wahia i roto i nga parepare hoariri me te rohe ki a Bulgaria, a hanga he irava uaua i roto i Serbian Carpathians, tonu te mahi i roto i whawhai ki te Tiamana whati.

whakaoranga o Belgrade: te rā, me te wāhanga matua o te mahi

Oketopa 8, whiti hōia Soviet te awa Morava ka whakapumautia he bridgehead i Palanka me Velika Plana. Mai i reira i runga i Oketopa 12 whakarewahia te ino i runga i Belgrade i te tonga, i tae e te wae hōia Bulgarian me 2 NOAYU tinana. I te wa ano i timata te whakawhitinga o te Tanupi tetahi o nga whare o Ukrainian mua, i hanga taea te whawhai i runga i Yugoslavia, te whakapaipai o te raki-rawhiti.

E nuku 14, te mahi Belgrade e whai ake ngā tangohia e wahi:

• ka mau 12 NOAYU Corps mana o te rori ārahi ki te whakapaipai, kei te tonga o te awa Sava;
• haere mai V tiaki mīhini Corps ki Belgrade ka piri te whawhai i runga i ona wahi o waho;
• timata 57th Army atu haere te Tanupi, e ngana ana ki te hohoro te tiki ki Belgrade.

I tua atu, i runga i Oketopa 16 i roto i Smederevo Tanupi ko kahupapa he taunga. e ono anake nga ra ka mau Ahakoa ki te āwhina o taua ope nui oti whakaoranga o Belgrade i nga kau Nasí mai te timatanga o te mahi. Ko te meka e i te pa hoia Tiamana neke atu i te 20,000 iwi, i roto i te riro o 170 pū me mōtā me 40 tāke. A, te whakawa i te arata'iraa ngaro o te Wehrmacht Whakahaua, i haere enei ope katoa ki te mea patunga tapu i roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite i te withdrawal o mano o rōpū ope "E".

wae hōia e tangohia e wahi i roto i te mahi Belgrade, me CA me NOAYU mate

I te taha ki Soviet i roto i te huaki i runga i te pane a Yugoslav uru IV tiaki mīhini Corps, Infantry 236th, 73th me te 106th tiaki Division, kotahi anti-rererangi puhipuhi wehenga, e rave rahi kumete, pūrepo me Tuhinga pū whaiaro-tīhokatia, e toru motuhake anti-rererangi puhipuhi wiki. I tua atu, e kore tetahi e haafaufaa ore kua homai te tūranga o te taha Yugoslav 8 wehenga, kahore nei e kia roa atu ara te whakaoranga o Belgrade. I roto i te mahi ngaro te Army Whero te werohia, patua, me te ngaro atu i te 30 000 hoia me rangatira o e he tika i runga i te pa, patu e pā ana ki 1,000 ara. Ko te kupu NOAYU pārurenga i roto i te huaki moni ki 2953 tūao.

kau taki Military, takaro he wāhi nui i roto i te whakaoranga o te whakapaipai Yugoslav

ka mau whakaoranga o Belgrade (1944) wahi maha whakawhetai ki te mahi ruruku o nga rangatira Soviet me Tararā. i rite ki kua whakahuatia, whakaritea te tūranga matua te III whakahau mua Ukrainian F. I. Tolbuhina, āta te Army 57th, e i taua momeniti whakahaua ko Rutene Gen. N. A. Gagen. I roto hoki kia tuhia nga kau taki hōia Soviet General Zhdanov, e whakahau te IV tiaki mīhini Corps a riro pokanga Belgrade te taitara o Hero o te Soviet Union me o nga tangata Hero o Yugoslavia. Ki te whakaaro ki te whakahau wae te whakaekenga a NOAYU Belgrade, i tukua ai ki Dapchevicha Peko, e whakaaturia nei ona pūkenga whakahaere noa i roto i te Spanish Civil War.

Medal "hoki Liberation o Belgrade"

Ki te whakatenatena te hunga e whakanuia ia i roto i te whawhai mo te whakapaipai o Yugoslavia, Hune 9, 1945 whakapumautia he tohu kāwanatanga motuhake i. Ko te Medal "hoki Liberation o Belgrade", i riro e pā ana ki 70,000 iwi. Tenei tohu Ko te porohita tino o te diameter parahi 3.2 cm, hono i te tikanga o te ripa whakakai me te poraka pentagonal paerewa, hipokina nei ki te pango matomato rīpene Unuhia i roto i te waenganui. Ko te obverse o te moni takoto tuhituhinga ohu nei "hoki te Liberation o Belgrade", i runga i te mea he whetū e rima-oka. I tua atu, whakaaturia ana te reira circumferentially Loumaile. Ko te whakamuri, kihai i te ra o te whakaoranga o Belgrade reira me he kitea te tuhituhinga i runga i tenei whetu e rima-oka iti. I hanga hoahoa mētara i te artist A. I. Kuznetsovym, kua whakaritea ai ki te kakahu i te taha ki maui o te pouaka.

Celebrations ki te tohu i te tau 70 epetoma o te whakaoranga o Belgrade

Ahakoa te parade tuku iho i runga i te take o te otinga o te mahi Tiamana o te whakapaipai Serbian tū October 20, 2014 whakanui tū wha ra mua. E ai ki te putanga e pā ana o reira i tika ki te meka i he reira Oketopa 16, 1944, faatiamâraa i hōia Soviet te pokapū o Belgrade. Ano, korerotia te press i meatia tenei ki te whakarite i roto i te whakanui i tae e te peresideni Vladimir Putin.

Hits "toa Hipanga" i roto i te Belgrade

October 16, 2014 i roto i te pane Serbian mo te wa tuatahi tū te parade hōia i muri i 1985. Ko te kupu, ua faaoti te mana o tenei whenua ki te whakanui i te tau 70 epetoma o te whakaoranga o Belgrade. I i tae tenei hui e pā ana ki te 100 mano tangata, nga rangatira teitei o Serbia me V. V. Putin. I tua atu ki te tira e haere ana o hōia Serb me te taputapu i roto i te rangi ki runga ki Belgrade whakakitea ratou toi o nga kaiurungi Russian o te "Swifts" rōpū.

Ko te kupu, e nehenehe tatou e te mea e whakamātau ana ki te tuhituhi anō i te hītori o te rau tau whakamutunga i roto i Europa i roto i te take o Serbia kore e whai angitu, me te iwi o tenei whenua mahara te feat o nga hoia Soviet nei i peia waikura Fascist a fakatau'atāina'i Belgrade.