Kohuke: ko te ingoa. Momo o ngā kohuke (whakaahua)

Nature homai he tangata te whai wāhi ki te oaoa i te painga whakaputaina e reira. Na reira, kei te ora rawa hāneanea iwi me whai mea katoa e hiahia ana koe. I muri i te katoa, te wai, te tote, konganuku, wahie, hiko me te tokomaha atu - hanga katoa i roto i te ara tūturu me tahuri muri ki te āhua e hiahiatia mō te tangata.

Ko te taua pā ki te āhua o taua hua rite kohuke. Enei maha hanganga karaihe rerekē ko te rauemi raw nui mo te nui nui o te momo o tukanga ahumahi i roto i te mahi ohaoha o te iwi. Na reira, whakaaro tatou, he aha e nga momo o ngā kohuke, me e te tikanga tohu enei pūhui.

Kohuke: āhuatanga whānui

I roto i te tikanga tikanga i roto i mineralogy, te wā "kohuke" e pā ana ki te totoka tito o ngā āhuatanga matū, me te mea he maha o ngā āhuatanga physico-matū takitahi. I tua atu, i hanga reira kia noa kia he ara tūturu reira, i raro i te mana o ngā tukanga māori.

kia kia hanga e kohuke rite te taonga ohie (Kowaka) me te matatini. He rerekē hoki te ara o ratou hanganga. He tukanga e whai wāhi ki ratou hanganga:

• ngiha;
• parawhenuatia;
• parataiao;
• metamorphogenic;
• biogenic.

ka karanga māpele nui o ngā kohuke, kohia ki te pūnaha kotahi, toka. Na reira, ki te whakapoauau kore e enei ariā e rua kia. E tangohia e kuru reira me te tukatuka nga wahi katoa o toka kohuke Mining.

kia rerekē te hanganga matū o te pūhui i roto i te pātai, me te Kei roto i te maha nui o rerekē matū poke. Heoi, i reira he tonu kotahi mea e ngoi ana i te hanganga. Na reira, ko te reira he reira papau, a kahore e nga poke whakaaro.

Ko te hanganga o nga kohuke

kohuke Hanganga - tioata. He maha ngā kōwhiringa mō te mātiti e taea te whakaatu i te reira:

• pūtoru;
• hexagonal;
• rhombic;
• tetragonal;
• monoclinic;
• trigonal;
• triclinic.

E whakarōpūtia ēnei pūhui rite ki te hanganga matū o te analyte.

Puka o ngā kohuke

Ka taea e tetahi faahiti te whakarōpūtanga e whai ake nei, e whakaata ana te hanganga taketake o te kohuke.

1. matū Maori ohie ranei. Reira hoki kohuke. Ko ētahi tauira ko: koura, rino, waro i roto i te puka o te taimana, waro, kerekere, whanariki, hiriwa, selenium, konukurahina, parahi, te ateneke, bismuth me te tini ke atu.
2. Halides, e ngā pūhau, fluorides, bromides. Tenei kohuke, tauira o nei e mohiotia ki te katoa: tote toka (konutai pūhaumāota) halite ranei, sylvite, fluorite.
3. Waikura, ngā waihā. I hanga i e waikura konganuku me-konganuku kore, i.e. pūhui reira ki te hāora. I roto i tenei rōpū i reira he kohuke, ratou ingoa - karakeroni, corundum (emerara, hapaira), magnetite, kiripaka, hematite, rutile, me ētahi atu kassematit.
4. Pūhau. Tauira: Ko te konurehu me te konutai pākawa.
5. Borat: konupāhiko whatu, Eremeeva.
6. Pākawa waro - tai o te waikawa carbonic. Tenei kohuke, he rite whai nei ingoa: malachite, aragonite, magnesite, pākeho, taioma, mapere me etahi atu.
7. Ngā pūkawa: gypsum, barite, selenite.
8. Tungstates, molybdates, chromates, vanadates, arsenates, phosphates - Mariao katoa o nga waikawa hāngai e hanga i ngā hanganga kohuke. Ingoa - nepheline, apatite me etahi atu.
9. Silicates. Ko te tai o te waikawa silicic, he rōpū tënei o SiO _4. Tauira o taua kohuke he: perira, te wherepāra, topaha, kapakara, kaolinite, talc, tourmaline, zhadein, hapira, me ētahi atu.

I tua atu i te rōpū kua tohua i runga ake e kitea ano pūhui matū waro hanga i te putunga tūturu katoa. Hei tauira, Peat, waro, urkit, konupūmā oxalate, rino, me ētahi atu. I tua atu i te torutoru carbides, silicides, phosphides, nitrides.

huānga Maori

He kohuke (taea te kite whakaahua i raro nei), e kua hanga e e matū ohie enei. Hei tauira:

• koura i roto i te puka o te onepu me te Kowaka, ingots;
• taimana me te graphite - tioata whakarereke allotropic o te wini whakakahokaho carbon;
• parahi;
• hiriwa;
• rino;
• whanariki;
• konganuku rōpū konukawata.

E mea pinepine e kitea enei matū i roto i aggregations nui ki ētahi atu kohuke, mongamonga o kamaka me tokahuke. mea faufaa no te tangata Production me ratou whakamahinga i roto i te ahumahi. Ratou - te pūtake, rauemi raw mo te hanga o ngā rauemi, i nei muri hua he momo o tūemi whare, hoahoa, whakapaipai, taputapu, me te pera i runga i.

Phosphates, arsenates, vanadates

Tenei rōpū ngā toka me ngā kohuke, e he takenga nuinga exogenous, kitea e te i roto i te papa o waho o te kirinuku o te whenua. Roto e hanga e phosphates anake. Tai o phosphorous, te ateneke me te waikawa vanadium ko mau rawa te rota. Heoi, ki te whakaaro tatou ki te pikitia nui, te ōrau whānui o ratou i roto i te ihirangi kiri iti.

He maha ngā tioata te nuinga noa e no ki tenei rōpū:

• apatite;
• vivianite;
• lindackerite;
• Rosen;
• carnotite;
• paskoit.

Ka rite ki kua tuhia, enei kohuke hanga toka rahi rawa mīharo.

Waikura, ngā waihā

I roto i tenei rōpū ngā waikura kohuke katoa, me ohie, me te uaua e, e hanga e o konganuku,-konganuku kore, pūhui intermetallic, me huānga whakawhitinga. Ko te katoa ōrau o enei matū i roto i te kirinuku - 5%. pā ana te okotahi anake ki silicates, e kore te rōpū i raro i whiriwhiria, - he SiO silicon waikura ₂ ki katoa o ona momo.

Ka taea e tetahi faahiti maha tauira o taua kohuke, engari rawea, te tino noa:

1. Ofa'i.
2. Magnetite.
3. Hematite.
4. Ilmenite.
5. Colombia.
6. Spinel.
7. Lime.
8. Gibbs.
9. Romaneche.
10. Holfertit.
11. Corundum (emerara, he hapaira).
12. Bauxite.

pākawa waro

Tenei piha o kohuke ngā i roto i tona mema i te nui momo nui o ngā māngai, ano nei whai auraa mahi nui mō te tangata. Heoi, i reira e te iti-akomanga e whai ake nei ranei ngā rōpū:

• konupāhiko;
• dolomite;
• aragonite;
• malachite;
• kohuke houra;
• bastnesite.

Kei ia piha i roto i to'na ti'araa melo i i te torutoru ki tekau o Māngai. E pā ana ki te rau ngā pākawa waro kohuke. Ko te noa tino o ratou:

• mapere;
• pākeho;
• malachite;
• apatite;
• siderite;
• smithsonite;
• magnesite;
• pākawa waro me ētahi atu.

E wāriutia ana ētahi rite te rauemi hanga rawa noa, me te nui, i ētahi atu e whakamahia ki te hanga whakapaipai, me ētahi atu e whakamahia i roto i te toi. Heoi, he nui katoa, me kei te te to ratou production kaha rawa.

silicates

Ko te tino kanorau i roto i te puka waho, me te maha o ngā māngai o te rōpū o ngā kohuke. Ko e tika ana ki te meka i te ngota silicon waiwai ratou hanganga matū, he ahei o tūhono ki rerekē momo o ngā hanganga, fakafekau'aki a tawhio noa iho te maha o ngā ngota hāora taua rerekētanga. Na, e taea te hanga i te momo e whai ake nei o hanganga:

• motu;
• mekameka;
• rīpene;
• rau.

Ēnei kohuke, he whakaahua o e taea te kite i roto i te tuhinga e mohiotia, ki te katoa. I te iti rawa etahi o ratou. I muri i te katoa, pēnei i enei ngā:

• topaha;
• pohū;
• karihoparaha;
• toka karaihe;
• rikuri;
• karakeroni me ētahi atu.

E whakamahia ratou i roto i te whakapaipai, utu rite te hoahoa kaha mo te whakamahi i roto i te toi.

Ka taea hoki e faahiti tetahi te tauira o nga kohuke, kahore e mohiotia pai ki te iwi noa, e kore e pā ana ki te mineralogy nei ingoa, engari ahakoa he ratou tino nui i roto i te ahumahi:

1. Datong.
2. Olivine.
3. Murman.
4. Hrizokol.
5. Eudialite.
6. Beryl.