Konumāmura-waea: āhuatanga me tono

hangarau Modern e titauraa teitei i runga i te mahi o ona rauemi wāhanga ōrite te tikanga whakahaere tūturu. Ko tētahi o nga alloys tiketike-tech ko konumāmura. Waea me ngā pūrere kei roto i te reira, e ātete ki kaikiri mahi huru.

History o whakahura

Ko te koranu Ko te pūhui nika-chromium, me rerekētanga tāpiri rino, konupora, konumohe, me te takawai.

Tuatahi i ahau e rua ara o te takenga. Whai pakiaka i roto i te rangahau pūtaiao i roto i te mara o te konganuku alloying me te whakakē ratou āhuatanga. Ni ko Kr - wāhanga o te waikura-ātete, me te wera steels ātete-kounga tiketike.

Ka rite ki te koranu e rua-wae o te konukoreko me chromium, i kitea i te reira i roto i 1906 i roto i te USA. I teie mahana, te tono ngā whakarerekētanga, tae atu i te hāngai-toru-rino.

āhuatanga matua

Ko te rauemi mō taputapu whakawera hou mō te whare me te whakamahi ahumahi ko kore waea konumāmura. Ko tōna āhuatanga whakatau i te teitei whakaritenga hangarau.

1. resistivity hiko i roto i 1100-1400 Ohm * m.
2. ira whakakoero - e pā ana ki 1400, tuku ki te mahi i 800-1100˚S. Tepe mō mahi tei runga i te hanganga. Ko te kupu, te whakaiti reira te ihirangi rino ki 850-900˚S, hoki binary parakore ko reira 1100˚S.
3. Kiato 8000-8500 kg / m ^3.
4. kaha High (σ _{i roto i} = 650-700 MPa); tohu rongoa i raro i waikawa taiao ha'iriiri, me te nui pāmahana.
5. ukanga pai tahi ki te pakeke taupūtanga taea hoki okeoke me te tuhi.

āhuatanga motuhake

I roto i te hua hiko tino rongonui i runga i te mākete - konumāmura waea. Ko te resistivity o tenei wāhanga o te taputapu whakawera hiko taa tiketike, e taea ai e koe te whai i te tono whānui.

He āhuatanga nui o te whakarewa he tona ātete ki te hāora pāmahana teitei, me te ha'iriiri i raro i ngā āhuatanga noa. takaro tētahi tūranga matua te konei Konqueror. Huānga te tikanga he mata e ōrite ana ki te kiriata waikura, e mahi he mahi tiaki. Ko reira haepapa mo te hāngai rauemi tae pouri whakakapi e te e te āhuatanga-hina ma i roto i te tango pūkaha o te apa oxidized.

E tano ia tapao e whakapā hāngai ki te waikawa whakangaromia e tonu reira, ara ake atu i te Tungsten waikura-ātete.

He āhuatanga autō koranu e rua-wae. puta ratou mo whakarerekētanga maha, engari kua ngoikore mahi.

he tiketike waea konumāmura, e taea kore te ngāwari tākiekina e te mana.

Systematize mōhiohio e pā ana ki te āhua o ki te whakatau i te waea konumāmura, te nuinga kia mohio ki te reira i ngā rauemi waho rite ranei:

1. whakarewa hou White, pouri - whakawhanakehia mua.
2. Tōraro ranei iti autō.
3. Rigidity.
4. Te whakangaromanga e waikawa, hāora pūmautanga i raro i te mana o te pāmahana teitei.

nomenclature parani

rerekē ngā rama i roto i te hanganga, tū ngā koranu konumāmura. Ko te waea he whakamahi whānui, whakaritea nei e te āhuatanga takitahi o ia.

• Rōpū 1 - parenga iahiko rauemi: H20N80, H20N73YUM-VI, VI-N80HYUD, H15N60.
• Rōpū 2 - huānga Metal whakawera mō te whakamahi kāinga, me te ahumahi ki ngā āhuatanga tiketike o te ātete wera: H20N80-H-VI, H15N60-N, N-HN70YU, H20N80-H HN20YUS.
• Rōpū 3 - mō te mahi i pāmahana ake 900˚S: N50K10, Kh25N20.

Ko te diameter o te waea konumāmura o te rōpū tuatahi ko 0,009-0,4 mm, me te tuarua - 0,2-7,5 mm.

"Whanaunga" ko Cantal fehrali ranei - alloys chromium, konumohe, me te rino. Kei te āhuatanga hoki ratou i te resistivity hiko tiketike, ātete ki te wera i roto i 1250-1400˚S, engari iti pono, ahakoa uara iti (H23YU5, H13YU4, H23YU5T, H27YU5T, H15YU5).

deciphering pane

Āhuatanga me tono o ngā hua i konumāmura e whakaritea e tona hanganga matū. A feruri i te mea matua.

• H20N73YUM-VI: chromium - 20% nika - 73% konumohe - 3% molybdenum - 1.5% konupora - ki runga ki te 0.3% Titanium - 0.05%, rino - 2%, carbon - ki 0.05%; rewa ki te tikanga korehau arataki;
• HN70YU-H: Kr - 27%, Ni - 70%, Al - 3%, Mn - ki runga ki te 0,3%, Cs - ki 0,03%, Ba - ki runga ki te 0,1%, Fe - 1.5% , C - 0.1%; hoki huānga whakawera hiko;
• HN20YUS: Kr - 20%, Ni - 20%, Al - 1%, Zn - ki runga ki te 0,2%, Ca - ki runga ki te 0,1%, Si - 2.5%, Fe - 50%, C - ki 0, 08% - hatete mō oumu ahumahi.

momo o ngā hua

Tīpakonga o tetahi koranu āhuatanga nei i te kounga teitei ngā āhuatanga hangarau me te pūkaha, me niuhia ka whakaritea. Rawa ka tae mai te reira ki te utu tiketike. Ko te kupu he nui-tech me rauemi utu he waea konumāmura. GOST 8803-89, 12766.1-90, 12766.3-90, 12766.4-90 tautuhi nga whakaritenga, ngā āhuatanga, me te tohu tono. I roto i runga ki te paerewa, me te i runga i ngā āhuatanga kanohi rānei, tukua te whakarewa mo hoko i roto i te puka o te waea ranei rīpene, te pai rawa o e tei runga i te diameter, wāhanga ripeka, roa, te whakamahi motuhake.

hurihia te pūtake tika te mo te ahumahi ahumahi rīpene kōpekapeka, waea koru.

whakatakotoranga hua

A, no te kōwhiri hua i konumāmura he nui ki te whakaaro i te āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• resistivity iti;
• diameter, wāhanga ripeka, me te taimaha;
• tūturu parenga ia me te pāmahana whakahaere awhe i runga i ngā tawhā tinana rānei.

Ko te uara iti o te āhuatanga tawhā taketake kua oti te whakarite e te GOST me whakawhirinaki i runga i te māka me te hanganga.

Konumāmura waea-diameter whakatau ona ripeka-wāhanga, me te hāngai taimaha skein resistance whāinga.

Ko te kupu, Ko te tika hautanga ki tona rahi i te taimaha o te waea (konumāmura) 100 mita hua, me te diameter me te rohe motu - he inversely hautanga ki te ātete tūturu.

Te pāmahana whakahaere tei runga i te hanganga matū kore anake, engari ano hoki i runga i te āhuatanga tawhā.

te hua te diameter o te waea i kamupene, he reira i roto i 0,05-12 mm me rīpene - mm 0,15-3,2.

tono

Kounga whakatika tonu te utu. Ko te taua pā ki te koranu konumāmura. Kei te whānui Waea me takai o tenei rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i te wāhi i reira e kore e taea e tetahi atu konganuku whakakapi ratou. High ātete hiko, hāora resistance,-kounga tiketike āhuatanga aunoa, tae atu ki ngā taiao ha'iriiri, tikanga whakahaere tiketike pāmahana - taea te whakamahi i tenei katoa i roto i ngā mara.

I roto i te ahumahi:

• Thermocouples oumu hiko metallurgic.
• āhuatanga hanganga mō te taputapu whakarewa-rewa arataki.
• whakamaroke ventilation ahumahi.
• Wāhanga o nga kohua i me exchangers wera.
• production hiko: parenga me rheostats.
• Ētahi electrodes mō te fehokotaki'anga.
• Single me maha-kaiwhakahaere waea hiko.

Ko te reira i te wāhanga hanganga matua o taputapu hou katoa:

• huānga whakawera i roto i te hopane hiko, hatete wai, nga kohua i, hatete.
• huānga whakawera i roto i dryers makawe, rino koiri, rino.
• Automotive kānara me ngā pūnaha whakawera.
• hikareti Electronic.

Pea te utu - drawback anake rauemi konumāmura. ka waiho atu te utu waea momo bicomponent nika-chromium. Ko te ihirangi o te rino, me te heke moni o nika, i tahuri, whakahaere he utu raro, otiia e kore e whakarato i te whai wāhitanga e Cr20Ni80. Tei te kōwhiringa i runga i te whakaritenga hangarau.

Kōwhiri hua i konumāmura mau mahi ki te kōrero i runga i te hanganga matū o te pānga ki te waitohu, tona kawe ia hiko, me te ātete, te āhuatanga tinana o te diameter, roa ripeka-motu. Tino hiahia i roto i te tuhinga e hāngai ana, me te ki e taea ki ngā wehewehe te koranu i ona "whakataetae". Tika tīpakohia rauemi - te kī ki te tika o te taputapu, me te hangarau o tona whai wāhi.