Methanol - he aha te mea te reira? Waihā mewaro paihana: Tohu me te rongoā

Pea neke atu i te kotahi, kua rongo ia o tatou e pā ana ki te paihana papatipu ki haavare waipiro production (tae atu te mate), i roto i nei i kitea te waihā mewaro. He aha te mea te reira a te aha e mea tuukino ki ona pānga i runga i te tinana? Aha te tapiritia reira ki te inu waipiro? He aha ai e te mau hopearaa o te whakauru o taua hua? Hei whakautu i ēnei pātai, e ti'a ia tatou ki te tahuri ki te hītori o te waipiro hanga, ki tona tohatoha i nga mara o mahi a te tangata, me te i roto i te mau tamataraa haumanu.

waihā mewaro

Methanol - he te huitahi paitini wai ko te waipiro monohydric māmā, me te mema tuatahi o te raupapa huirua o waiwaihā monohydric. i roto i te porowhita pūtaiao hoki huaina reira ko rite te rakau ranei methyl waipiro, carbinol me methyl waihā. Ko te wai i whiwhi i te Māturu o lignin rakau ranei - toenga rauemi hiato tipu kākano taiepa pūtau. I roto i te ariā vitro o methanol he pitihāoratanga wāhanga o te mewaro me te mewaro i tukuruatanga roto methylenechloride. Hoki te wā tuatahi kitea te waipiro monovalent i roto i 1661 e Boyle i te Māturu o te rakau maroke. E rua rau tau i muri mai JB pūtaiao whakahaere Dumas ko E. M. Peligo ki te tiki mewaro i roto i te puka parakore. Synthesizing waipiro i runga i te tauine ahumahi timata i 1923 i roto i Germany. I roto i te ora ia rā, whakamahia methanol te rite whakarewa, te pūtake mo te ārai makariri, wahie wāwaro tāpiritanga penehīni.

Pānga i runga i te tinana

Methyl waipiro ko tetahi o nga paihana tino mōrearea te ao. Whakapā ki te katoa 10 ml o te taonga ki te tinana tangata e taea arahi ki huringa tina heke i roto i te pathological: matapo, tauwhatinga o mahi o nga whekau (whatukuhu, ate), ngā wāhi lesion o te roro. puta te mate, ki te ingested i roto i te nui o 1-2 karamu ia 1 manokaramu o te taimaha te waihā mewaro. He aha te mea te reira me te nui aha taua iti o te taonga e taea ki te whakamate i te tangata? Ko te mea, ko te e oxidized ka ingested waipiro monohydric te ki formaldehyde - he paihana puai e pā te pūnaha io, me te tauhohe ki te pūmua. I tua atu, e kore ko te pānga paitini i muri tonu i te tuku o te taonga ki te toto, a ka i muri i te tahi haora. Na reira, tae noa ki te ahua o nga tohu tuatahi o te pau iwi te tikanga whai wā ki te inu i te horopeta whakamate.

ati waihā mewaro

mōrea Main o te taonga, ko te e kore e taea te kitea methanol me ewaro (nui wähanga o inu i te kava): to ratou i te taua reka me te kakara, ko e rua wai taekore. ). Heoi, ko te utu nui raro o te waihā mewaro (i RUR 15,500 ia ton). Kei te maha hoki enei take diluted ratou ki te waipiro. Ko tētahi atu ati ko e taea ngā matū e pau puta rite ki te hua o te whakamahi o ngā hua kei roto waihā mewaro. He aha te mea me pehea e tupu te reira? coolants Vaporization, wai hoki horoi matapihi, i roto i matū paintwork ngota waipiro e tomo te tinana, kohikohi me te meinga huringa pathological. Heoi e taea te paihana kore anake te waipiro, kia rite ki kei te whakapono i roto i to tatou whenua, engari ano hoki i te taonga hapa.

paihana waihā mewaro

tohu wawe o te paihana puta i muri i 8-72 haora i muri i ingestion o waihā mewaro. Ko te tuatahi ki te mamae pūnaha pokapū io: tūtohutanga nui ki te marama (photophobia), pū o te tauira, ānini, whanoke me te waimaerotanga o te hauora whānui, tūtohutanga iti, ke puputu'u 'o mahara.

waihā mewaro paihana ngā kino e tika ana ki te popoketanga, te whakanui ake i te nui o toto i roto i nga kopa me okana, e puta ranei e tika ana ki te erythrocytes hua koi me te taumata pūtoto. Ka rite ki te hua, te āmai tinana, riro he kauruku kikorangi. Ko te tupu o te tukanga pathological tomo te manawanui i roto i te āhua comatose tika ki edema kaka. arata'i Hyperemia ki te rangirua o te pūnaha romahā - kupukupu riro hohonu, me te koretake, te pārurenga i reira ko te mana'o o te kore o te rangi. I te wa ano heke te pini, taea ki te akakoromaki i te "Māturu" o te nui o te toto puta noa i te tinana, me te rite ki te hua kore te ngakau, ko te. puta te mate.

āwhina Tuatahi mō te paihana

kia karanga tonu ki runga ki te rapunga o nga tohu tuatahi o te paihana he waka tūroro. Ki te kore e taea tenei, ko reira e tika ana ki te whakapiki ake i te nui o te wai i pau. Ko reira e minaminatia ki te inu inu ki te ihirangi alkali: wai kohuke, otinga waikawa citric, me te whakamahi o tōmato, panana, karepe, karepe, apareka, te honi, me ētahi atu hua.

I roto i ngā tautuhinga haumanu methanol paihana tukinotia e te whakauru ki te rauropi o te waihā. Ki te kore e tino e te taonga paitini matua he methanol koutou, te whakamahi o te vodka hei raau ko ki te paopao ki. Whakaorangia te ora ko te lavage pekitīlia nui, ruaki piri.

tatauranga fakalilifú

Kua te hītori tata o te taata kua tuhia e whitu take o paihana papatipu ki te waihā mewaro. Ko te tokomaha rawa o te iwi i whara i roto i Hōngongoi 1981 i roto i India - kua mate i pau 308 iwi. I roto i te 2000, whakapae te kāwanatanga o El Salvador whawhai kaiwhakatuma, rite ki te hua o te inu i te waihā mewaro paihana 122 te iwi i patua. Ko taau e kore kua tetahi o nga otaota whakangao o waipiro i kitea tenei taonga. rēhita i te paihana papatipu Russian i roto i Hakihea 2016 rite ki te hua o te whakamahi o "Hawthorn" - he wai mō te kaukau, i roto i nei i kitea i muri hanganga waihā mewaro. He aha te mea te reira, ka pehea ki te ārai taua mana - he unknown. Engari kia rite ki te hua o te paihana uesia 123 iwi, o nei 76 Kua mate. Hakihea 20 whakaaturia i te ra o te tangi i roto i te rohe Irkutsk.

Ko te whakamahi o te waihā mewaro

Ko te nui rahi o te waihā mewaro, ko te ki te peita hua. Kei te whakamahia te reira i rite te whakarewa e tika ana ki tona pähekeheke tiketike, me te kaha ki te tareka matū pararopi, me te polymeric. I roto i te whenua Pākehā, he ranunga o te methyl me Ethyl waipiro whakamahia i roto i te mea kakara. Otiia i roto i Russia e rāhuitia taua hua, rite noa tetahi atu hua kiritaki ki te waihā mewaro. No te mea o te wāwaro tiketike whakamahia etahi "ariki" methanol te i roto i te kāinga mō te wahie wāwaro tiketike. tono ana te waipiro i runga i te tauine ahumahi mō te whiwhi biofuels.

I roto i te natura, he tino onge, me te i roto i rahinga iti te waipiro mewaro. Ko te nuinga hinu faufaa o te taiwhiwhi me te Wintergreen tenei. Ko te hanganga o enei hinu ngā waikawa salicylic me anthranilic. e kore te mea mōrearea ki te tangata mewaro i roto i to ratou hanganga. Heoi, kia meinga ai he urupare kë. Na reira e taea overreliance i runga i te hinu e tuukino ki te hauora.