Tikanga Science Tōrangapū

I roto i te akoranga o te hanganga hītori o te whakaaro tōrangapū āta tipu taketake tikanga rangahau i roto i te pūtaiao tōrangapū. Ka taea te wehea tēnei whanaketanga hītori ki te maha wā.

wā Time tae noa ki te rau tau 19 ko te wā o te aronui. I roto i tenei wā, whakatinana pūtaiao tōrangapū pērā tikanga rite morare me aksiologichesky, arorau-taumauri me deductive.

Ko te wā i te rau tau 19 ki te 20 kairangahau tautuhi hei wā pütahitanga. I tenei wa, i roto i te wahi tuatahi ko nga tikanga pūtaiao tōrangapū ture, me te pütahitanga, hītori, me te whakatairite.

Mai i te 20 o ki te 70 o o te rau tau 20 roa wā behaviorist. I tenei wā pai io kua whakatinanahia tikanga pūtaiao tōrangapū ine.

I roto i te toru whakamutunga o te rau tau 20 ka haere wā postbihevioristsky. I tenei wā, he ranunga o ngā tikanga tuku iho, me te hou o te pūtaiao tōrangapū.

Mai te wa o Aristotle a Platon whakatairite mohiotia (whakatairite) he tikanga o te tātari me te aro mātai o te ariā. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te whakarite o te (nui ake ranei) ahanoa tōrangapū e rua. Mā te tenei taputapu ko reira taea ki te whakatū i te āhuatanga noa o ngā te faaotiraa o ratou rerekētanga ranei. Ko te whakamahi o te tātari tōrangapū whakatairite taea te whanaketanga o te pūnaha tōrangapū o te matauranga, verifiable, ki te arotake i ngā whare, wheako, whanonga me ngā tukanga i runga i te pūtake o te whanaungatanga take-a-pānga. I tua atu, ka taea tenei taputapu ki a koutou te matapae i te mau hopearaa, ngā me ngā whanaketanga.

tikanga oraraa totiare o te pūtaiao tōrangapū ko te matatini o ngā tūāhua me taputapu rangahau oraraa totiare motuhake. E hāngai ana ēnei akoranga i te kohinga, me te tukatuka o nga meka o te ora tōrangapū, e puta i te kau. Na roto i te rangahau oraraa totiare kia kōmakatia hei pätai, rangahau, tätari tatauranga, ngā, whakatauira pāngarau. I runga i te pūtake o te rauemi taonga tūturu kohia riro te reira taea ki te ako i ngā tukanga me ari.

tikanga tikanga tangata, e pā ana tata ki te natura taata, he tino noa i roto i te tātari o te pūtahi o te mana, huarahi o ngā mana pāpori i vai te nuinga i roto i te hapori i mua i-ahumahi. taea hoki te tono i tēnei tikanga, ka aromatawai i te raruraru o te panoni, me te urutaunga o nga mea tuku iho o te mana i roto i te whakawhitinga i puāwaitanga ki ngā pūnaha hou.

hāngai ana te ako o tikanga tuakiri o whanonga, huru huru, 'ulungaanga whaiaro, tikanga angamaheni o hihiri arorau i roto i te tōrangapū i runga i te tikanga hinengaro o te pūtaiao tōrangapū. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i nga whakaaro kōhure o Seneca, Aristotle, Rousseau, Machiavelli, me ētahi atu whakaaro. I roto i nga puna o te tikanga hinengaro hou, he whakaaro nui o te psychoanalysis.

I roto i te tahi mau rave'a, te revolution i roto i te pūtaiao o tōrangapū i hanga he huarahi behaviorist, i hanga e rite te kē ki ture. tikanga Behavioristic mō te tātari me te aro mātai i runga i etahi "wehewehe". Ko nga kau muimui o tenei tikanga whakaaro te rite kaupapa here he āhuatanga pāpori motuhake, rōpū whanonga pāpori momo (takitahi ranei), āhuatanga manawa me ngā tautuhinga he hononga tata ki te tohutohu ia me te mana.

Ko te whakamahi o aromatawai tohunga rite te tikanga o te tātaritanga he whai hua, ka e pā ana ki ngā mahi kore-formalizable. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko te hanga o te whakatau whakahaere, te matapae o te whanaketanga tōrangapū, aromatawai o te āhuatanga.

Hei whakawhanake i tētahi tauira tukanga cybernetic whakamahi te tikanga kōrerorero. I roto i tenei take, e tūhura ana te pāhekoheko tōrangapū awa pehea kōrero. I roto i tenei take, ko te mea matua ko te otinga, me te urupare ki reira.

Ko te tikanga whaihanga ngā te ako o tītohu tōrangapū, me te tukanga ki te awhina o rangahau me te whanaketanga tauira. Me kï reira e teie mahana ko te ara tino whaihua reira.