Pāmu Mushroom - he whakaaro mo koutou ake mahi

Katoa mahi ko te ahua o moni, e whai ana ki tata katoa tetahi o tatou. I tčnei wā e hiahia ana te katoa ki te kia motuhake moni, ka hanga he ora o te mahi i te mea o te nuinga o te moni. No te mea te kore e kiia te mahi pakeke mahi. I roto i tenei hononga, ka taea e utu pai riro te mahi rite te pāmu mushroom.

I roto i te tautoko o tenei e taea hua i roto i te tatauranga, rite ki nei tetahi toru o te tapeke taupori ora i runga i te rohe o Russia, pai ki te kai i runga i harore. Heoi, kei te tonoa etahi ki te rapu motuhake mo ratou, engari te nuinga o nga hokohoko wā-whakaora haere ki toa ranei te wahi i kohia harore, a mahue ratou anake ki te tiki ake, Heoi, mo te nui tetahi. Ano, kei te piki haere te kohi o enei hua katoa tau e 20-25%.

Ko te take mo te tono whānui

Ko te hiahia te whakanui ake hoki harore he tika ki te maha take. Tuatahi o te katoa, ko reira utu te tuhituhi ratou utu iti whakaritea ki ngā hua moana kai ranei. Ko nga painga, te ihirangi o te kohuke mo te tinana tangata o ngā matūkai, e kore e hoki iho ki nga hua whakahuatia ratou.

No te mea i roto i te hua e taea te mohio ki nui o te pūmua, me ngā kohuke (pāhare pāporo, ūkuikui, whanariki, konupora, me ētahi atu matū) rite te mahi tūturu pērā i pāmu te kāinga mushroom. mushroom Oyster, mushroom, harore shiitake - enei harore katoa noa he whare putunga tūturu mo to tatou tinana.

Tellingly, riro harore maroke iwi i roto i te ara pai, kaua ki te hou. A e tika ana ki te aroaro i roto i te hanganga o waikawa ngako hamanga i runga i nga taiepa o oko toto e kore e puta putunga tote.

Ko te huapai me ngā huakore o mahi mahi

He aha e nga āhuatanga pai te mahi wehe i te mahi mushroom? Tuatahi o te katoa, ko reira he nui iti o te utu ki raro, e kore nei e tupu ki nga mahi. Ētahi atu painga taimaha e:

• e kore kaupeka i roto i te āhua;
• he ōrau nui o moni;
• te tono ake-te whakanui ake i runga i te mākete Russian;
• Ka taea te hauhake hua katoa wiki;
• Ka taea te whakamahi i te tïpako ake ki toru nga wa.

I tua atu, ki te hanga matou i te pāmu mushroom, koutou e kore e whai ki te noho i te rota i runga i te whare reti.

Kia aroha mai, He āhuatanga hakari hoki taua mahi. Ko tētahi o ēnei ko te uaua ki te hoko i ona hua ki wholesalers. Ko reira uaua hoki ki te mau tonu i te tikanga e tika ana mo te whanaketanga tika o te harore.

He aha te mea ki te kia whakatinana?

E mea pinepine te hunga e fehangahangai ki te hiahia ki te whakatuwhera i te pakihi, tono e pā ana ki te aha e taea te hokona ranei e whakarato ratonga. Whakaaro, i roto i tenei take i te tauira o te pāmu mushroom, i reira e rave rahi wāhanga mākete i roto i e taea te tukua te hua i roto i te puka e whai ake nei:

• hou:
• tio;
• kēne.

I te tahi taime e taea te kō atu i te mākete ki te harore maroke. Ka rite ki te whānui kaiwhakahaere o te whare "School o mushroom" A. V. Hrenov, ki tonu Russian mākete hua hou te ki e pā ana ki 22%; 28% Ko harore kēne. Ko te toe 50% - te reira kai tio.

I roto i te tautoko o tenei mahi rite kia he pāmu mushroom kawea etahi raraunga ngā i te kaiwhakarato nui. Hoki i 2004 ki tonu o harore tio ko te mākete kāinga ki te 15 mano. Taranata, me te tapeke o te hua whai hua moni ki 30 mano. Tons. Ahakoa karanga tohunga mākete atu tau - 60 mano taranata .. Na e rite whakatotoka te wāhanga tino whakawhanakehia harore, hoki nei Kei te piki haere te tono tau i te 30% i runga i te tau.

Ko te katoa rōrahi o te kohi o harore mo tonu te tau 2003 moni ki tata e pā ana ki 500 mano. Taranata, i te mea ōrite ki te whakamahi i te tangata ia mo te iti rawa 3 kg o tenei hua. No te whakarite, i roto i te Hau Amui no Marite kiia mō ia mo kore ake atu i te 2.5 kg o harore. Ko te kupu, homai reira ara ki te whakaaro e pā ana ki te aha e taea te hokona i runga i te mākete.

Hea ki te tīmata?

Tetahi mahi pakihi, tae atu pāmu mushroom kāinga he oti, kahore te haaputuraa mātau o te mahere pakihi. Ngā mihi ki a ia, ka taea e koe te whakatau i runga i te wāhanga nui i roto i nei me haere. A faanaho no te tipu me te whakatinanatanga atu o nga harore e ngā he maha o kaupae nui i roto i nei e hiahia ana koe ki te:

• hoko uri;
• faaineine i te tïpako (rauemi raw);
• tika tupu harore;
• ki te hoko i te taonga.

Ko reira tika hoki ki te whakaoti i te take o te kōwhiringa taputapu, utu kaimahi me te tango ki te pūkete he maha o te tahi atu, take ōrite nui. Engari kia a kore whiwhi mua o tatou, ka ngana ki te whakaaro tenei ahua o te mahi i taha katoa.

Ko te taha ki te ture o te take

I mua i timata koe ki te neke ki te mahi, he mea e tika ana ki te whakatau i te taha ture o te mahi. Mai harore he kai, he mea e tika ana ki te whakatau i te tahi mau take ki te kāwanatanga i mua i te tīmata i te pāmu mushroom. Tenei mahi tā haere i roto i te tukanga o te rēhitatanga o ratou mahi, me te whakarato o ngā raraunga ki te takoha. Ka taea e mahi te reira i rite te kaipakihi takitahi, kia rite ki NACE code - A.01.12.31. Na e hiahia ana koe ki te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha o te tāketanga. I roto i tenei take ka waiho reira ranea ki te whiriwhiri i te tāke ahuwhenua kotahi.

Next hiahia koe ki te hoki mai i roto i te torutoru hanganga. Ki he kau kamata, ka taea e koe te haere ki te Inspectorate ahi mo te whakaaetanga. I muri hiahia koe ki te whakaū i te kounga o ngā hua, hoki i te mea e tika ana ki te tonoa puranga o harore i runga i te tātari. Ki te haere katoa te pai, e whakarato ana te taiwhanga he tiwhikete o te kounga ki nei ki te tīmata i te pakihi.

Anake tonu tika ki te puta i te maha o ngā tuhinga, tetahi o ratou - ko te raihana e homai te tika ki te hoko harore. Ko tētahi atu tuhinga - he tiwhikete phytosanitary. Hoki e kore e kino ia ki te tiki tohutohu mō ngā hua rokiroki me te transportation.

Tīpakonga o ngā rauemi raw

taahiraa pakihi mahu'inga ko te kōwhiringa o te rauemi raw i ai e tupu nga harore pāmu mushroom. Ki tenei mutunga, mycelium, whakamahia ranei, ko te mea hoki i huaina ai - mycelium. te tikanga e taea te hokona i tēnei purapura taketake i roto i tata tetahi pāmu mushroom. Heoi, ki te kē koe wheako, e taea tupu te reira i runga i ona ake.

Na roto i te hoko i te purapura raihana pera-ka karanga, te tuatahi o te katoa, kia tino o tona kounga. mycelium pai ma rerekē, E faatae mai te kakara mushroom ahuareka, me te utu o tetahi stains. Kaua e kino ki te ui i te kaihoko te aroaro o te raihana, e me tika kia ia.

Ko te tïpako tuarua ko te rauemi raw tika - i runga taua mea me te harore tupu. Ko reira taea hoki ki te hanga koe. Hoki tenei whakaaro, e taea te whakauru i te hanganga kakau (witi, rai, parei), harakeke Kostritsa me horahorangia witi. A ki hoatu he pāmu mushroom atu tukua, ka taea e koe te tāpiri i te wāhanga e whai ake nei:

• otaota;
• maramara;
• kiri;
• patunga a ētahi atu ururua whare.

Ki te whaiaro ahumahi-o te mea matua tïpako - ki te kia e whakamahia ngā rauemi raw taiao. Kore, ka taea e koe mamae parekura hua nui, a ka waiho i te kounga o te harore e tika ana ki te aroaro o ngā matū rerekē ki te kia hiahiatia.

Hoko tïpako rite i kamupene rerekē e taea e māia e taea te tupu te 10 kg o ngā rauemi mata ki te 2 kg harore. O te akoranga, ki te nga tikanga e tika ana katoa mo to ratou māra. Anake utu tango ki pūkete e te nui o te tïpako he rite ki te utu o te 1 kg o harore i te utu rarawe.

Champignons me harore tio

I mua i te whakatuwheratanga ona mahi, he mea e tika ana ki te mohio te pau. No okotahi ko te pāmu mushroom, harore e rerekē ngā whakaritenga motuhake mo te taiao whanaketanga. Hoki te tïpako i runga nei e tupu te harore, he reira pai ki te whakamahi i te kakau witi i te witi. I mua me ata maroke reira, mongamonga, a haurangi i roto i te wai. Mai absorbs te kakau witi reira tino, he mea e tika ana ki te tango i te ōwehenga o 2.5 wahi wai ki te kakau witi 1 wahi. I muri i taua, i roto i te kakau witi maku Me ki tāpiri hamuti ranei hamuti heihei , ka waiho i te matuatanga wairākau. Ko te tikanga, e te reira e rua wiki, me ngā aerated motuhake e whakamahia ki ko te rangi.

he pai hoki te whakatipu taonga he kotinga o harore, me harore tio tenei wairākau. Otiia no te mea o te mahi wā-kai ki te waihanga i te reira no te kore e whakamahi i te reira i te mua, no te mea e taea e koe te mahi i te kōwhiringa ohie - tïpako.

ruma

Rapu me te kōwhiringa o te whare e tika ana te tākaro he wāhi nui i roto i tenei mahi kia rite ki te pāmu mushroom, harore titau āhuatanga tino pai mō te whanaketanga. Kua ite kaipakihi i roto i tenei take te titiro atu nga ruma maara, e kua tautoko e te tikanga microclimate tika. Ko te kupu noa te taumata o te ihirangi hauhā kia rerekē, i runga i te atamira o te whanaketanga o te harore rānei.

Ko kaipakihi tauhou ko reira taea ki te whakaputa hoki i te kōtuhi, whakaheke basement ranei. kia rite rawa te wāhi tīpakohia ki ngā pūnaha ventilation me te whakawera. Te pāmahana me kia tiakina tata 12-16, engari kaua e nui atu i te 25 nga nekehanga. He mea nui ki te whakarite i te taumata tiketike o te haumākū - ki runga ki te 80 90 ranei%. Hoki te wāhi iti e mea ohie ki te mau tonu, ko reira rawaka ki te ngahere i te peke ki te tïpako. Otiia, ki te kei te whakamahere koe production nui-tauine, e kore e taea e te reira, kahore conditioners rangi me humidifiers.

Ko te hanga o te pāmu mushroom uhinga te aroaro i roto i te waea whare me supply ore wai. Me koe ki te tango i te tiaki o te tango o tona tuwhene.

No runga i te rahi, i konei ko reira utu whakaaro te tauine o te hanga. Hei timata taea tatou te whiriwhiri i te ruma ki te rohe o 15 ki te 20 sq. m. Heoi, ki te i roto i te heke mai palani tatou ki te whakawhānui i hanga, Me nga whare ki te whiriwhiri i te mua nui. Ka taea te hokona te reira tukua ranei. Te reira i katoa tei runga i te rahi o te haumi tuatahi. Ki te whai koe i nui te moni, he pai ki te hoko noa i te ruma, te kore tonu reti.

I tua atu i te wāhi mahi matua i roto i te ruma he tika ki te whakarato wāhi mō te rokiroki me te pasteurization o te tïpako. Ki tenei mutunga, pai hanga etahi ruma mo te haratau.

taputapu

whare katoa Pātai tei runga i te ahua o ka tupu pāmu mushroom ahurea. Tio faatura tenei i roto i he harore unpretentious me champignons titau etahi tikanga. Ki te whakaaro ki te taputapu hangarau, me ngā koutou he rārangi taputapu:

• he ruma meangiti;
• humidifiers;
• hatete;
• generators korohū.

A, no te Me hoki tipu harore tio peke, te wahi e tupu ratou. Hei kohikohi harore, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ngā pouaka rakau kirihou ranei. Hokona rauemi raw, i roto i ngā kakau witi, me whakamamaetia waiariki. Ki tenei mutunga, me generators steam hokona, i roto i nei i reira ko te tukanga pasteurization. Ki te kore ko te ruma nui te marama māori, he mea e tika ana ki te tango i te tiaki o te rironga o rama antibody.

Recruitment

Ko ia tapao e te pāmu mushroom i roto i Russia rapu i te tokotoko reira, rite ki te kotahi kaipakihi akakoromaki i te pakihi taua, noa'tu eaha te tamata ia. A pera hoki te te pai o te take, me te i roto i te tikanga ki te karo kia whakaaro parekura e pā ana ki te utu kaimahi.

whakaritenga motuhake mō kaimahi heke mai i reira, i roto i to tatou whenua mai kahore e whakaako te gribovedeniya taketake. Ko te fie anake ka utu kaimahi - he e to ratou he pukapuka hauora. Ka rite ki i roto i tetahi atu mahi, i runga i te wahi o nga kaitono manako te ngaro o peu kino, tapatahi, faitotonú. E hinaaro paha outou ki te kawe i tētahi mātanga i roto i tenei rohe, i te utu anake ka waiho e ia ki runga ake i noa. Ka rite ki te kōwhiringa, whakahere he ōrau i te hoko o harore.

Pehea e mahi maha iwi i runga i te pāmu, tei runga i te rōrahi o ngā hua pāmu. Ki te tikanga o te rōrahi whakaritea tipu ki te 50-100 kg o harore ia ra, ka maitai akakoromaki e rua iwi ki te mahi. Ki te ko te rōrahi nui - 200-300 kg rā, kia nui haere te kaimahi ki te 3 ranei 4 iwi.

Engari ka mahi tika enei iwi ki te harore. Na reira, e tūtohu ana ki te mahi e rua kaimahi kotahi tangata ki te preform tïpako ranei. Ka mahi tetahi ki ngā take hokohoko. Ki te te kahore kaituku mahi e pā ana ki ngā take pūtea, he mea e tika ana ki te tango i runga i te mahi kaikaute.

hoko o taonga

A, no te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere pakihi he mea nui ki te whakauru i tētahi hoko tūemi harore. taea kiritaki Main te kitea i roto i:

• hokomaha;
• hokohoko;
• kiritaki rarawe;
• toa;
• wharekai me tamaaraa.

Mai i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te whakatinanatanga tino pai, ko te moni nui ko te kaihoko rarawe. Tenei taea ki a koe te hoko wā nui o te hua, e kua he pānga pai i runga i te tipu moni.

Ko te mea utu whakaaro e te utu rarawe mō te utu i raro iho-mākete o harore. Ko, i te wa ano, kei te tino heke te mōrea o te kino hua. He iti ki te whakaiti i te utu kia transportation o whakaurunga production mushroom kia kei roto i tata ki te pa o.

tātaitanga o te moni

Ko te wahi pūtea o te mahere, i ngā te utu, me te moni pea, hoki kia whakaratohia. Ka nga tūemi e whai ake nei kia kiia i roto i te utu:

• Ko te reti - i 12 ki te 13 RUR / marama ...
• utu o ngā rauemi raw - e pā ana ki 80 mano moni ..
• Ko te utu o nga kaimahi - 35 mano moni / marama ...
• pire Taputapu - i 9 ki te 10 mano moni ..
• Transportation o rauemi mata me hua oti - i 16 ki te 17 mano moni ..

Matapae pai, ki te tango koe i te taputapu pāmu mushroom, a ka te nui utu whakarārangitia ki 300 mano. Miria. i roto i te marama kua hipa. Tango ki pūkete utu kotahi-wā ki te whakaturia ake toa, e ono nga marama i te payback pakihi.