Papa Hollow-matua: whakaahuatanga me ngā whakaahua

Ko tētahi o nga rauemi tino taketake, ngāwari, me te ngāwari ki te huihui, he papa mō patunga. E whakaputaina tēnei wā nga momo e rua o ngā hua rite: tuwhera, me te ki tonu-tinana. Hangaia ia momo e ki te whakaoti ngā mahi hanga motuhake, ano atu maha i roto i te hanga o ngā hanganga o papa tuwhera-matua e whakamahia. I roto i te meka, tenei hoahoa pūkenga, no te mea e taea te whakamahi e ratou mo tetahi momo o te hanganga. He mahuinga ia ratou i roto i te patunga tupuranga, whawhe wehenga i te whare matua, te hanga o nga karati, tuanui, me te tokomaha atu whakaurunga.

Peleti o inaki (PC) - he flat poraka raima tapawhā. Roto te hanganga, i reira he kōhao porotītaha. Me ratou ki te whakaiti i te taimaha o te paewhiri, ki te whakapiki ake i ona āhuatanga teplosohranyayuschie. Roto te kōwhao taea arahi i te taputapu ki te tika.

production Āhuatanga

awhi production e wahi i runga i tuhi kaupapa mā te whakakī i runga i GOST: kua hanga o taimaha kiato piha raima papa tuwhera-matua ko kore e iti iho i B30. Ki te whakarite i te hua kaha e tika ana, whakanohoia te formwork e i roto i te anga. Hei roa te ora, me te tiaki i te kaha o nga āhuatanga katoa o te whakarewa pani hoki te tiaki ki te waikura o te hanganga motuhake. Ki tenei hua noho pai kaha flexural mō ngā tekau tau.

I tua atu, rite ki GOST, no te awhi e ka utu i runga i te taiepa ki e rua anake e toru ranei, rōpū, e kore hanga te anga kei i te ngā ohie, me te prestressing.

Hei whakahaere i atu te mahi ki te rauemi mutunga, te waka rererangi o runga me raro o nga awhi āta hāngai, kia e kore e tono ratou i te raima taea te peitatia, whakairi pepapātū, te whakamahi i te tahi atu momo o ngā rauemi oti. E hangaia rua Tie-iho me awhi kopi tāmau hoki ngāwari ekeeke me te kaupapa.

tikanga o te hanga

Kei te tino te tukanga whakaputa katoa te mana, ka whakaritea kia rite ki nga whakaritenga o ngā tuhinga e pā ana. Manufacturing o ngā hua e wahi e whai ake: he puka motuhake o tuwhera momo eke i 3-5 cm i te mata o te hanganga anga.

Fakataha ki te tinana i whakatakotoria me taraputanga koropiko. A, no te rite te ngā konganuku te, ringihia te ranunga te ki raima. Ngā mihi ki te whakamahi o te tikanga o ngā hua wiri e whiwhi kore anake roa, nui-kaha, engari ano tino ū ki ngā tawhā hoahoa. e kore e ratou i burls, kapiti, kōwhao, tītipi me ētahi atu hē e taea te whakaiti i te kaha o te hua.

Ko te awhi i reira i raro ki te maimoatanga waiariki, ka tonoa ki te taiwhanga, te wahi tika ratou whakamātautau āta ki te tāutu i ngā hē ka tirohia me ngā uara ūnga.

rauemi

Ki te heke mai o te pereti inaki riro nga āhuatanga e tika ana mo to ratou hanga, ki te kahore te whakamahi kaiwhakanao wai e purea kounga anake Portland tima. filler hautanga Iti he onepu me te kirikiri puehu. He ātete ki te pāmahana ratou, ka horo'ai enei āhuatanga te rōpū. Hei whakanui i ētahi atu tohu nui, ngā plasticizers.

kia whakamahia ai hoki tonu te whakaū rānei i runga i te hua tikanga:

1. Semiprovolochnye whenu wāhanga 6n-7.
2. He waea nui-kaha kōtaha wā. kia waiho tona wāhanga ripeka 5Vr-II.
3. Ko te rakau, e kua whakamahia mo te hanga o te parahi thermally whakapakeke piha Ara-V.
4. Taura ki te diameter o 6 mm piha haapiiraa K-7.
5. Whakapakari waea BP piha-II me ētahi atu rauemi rite tukua Gosstandard.

tohu paerewa

Hollow-matua papa 1 Raupapa 1141 - ko te hanga nui o te paerewa Paewhiri PC. Na reira, i roto i te hanga o te hanganga ture tino ki ngā ture me ngā ture katoa. Ano, e kore te rōpū rereke mo te whakatinanatanga, ki te kahore ratou i haere i te haki kounga, rite kitea e te tiwhikete rēhitatanga whakaputaina ki a ia me te tiwhikete.

I nga mata taha o ia rōpū ki te tono te tapa whakahauanga e whakaatu te kōrero katoa e pā ana ki te hua. I runga i te raraunga ka whakamahia, kōwhiria ngā tūemi mo te ahanoa ngā ki te āhuatanga o ngā hua röpü me ratou whakaritenga mahi.

tohu

Mai e hangaia nga papa papa tuwhera-matua mo te momo o te hanga, i roto i te hanga ratou tohu. Ki te mahi i tenei, kia tohua i roto i te puka o reta me tau:

1. PC - tuwhera-matua papa.
2. Ko te tohu mamati tuatahi - roa. Fakafofonga'i i roto i decimeters (häunga ahua ki te tau tōpū).
3. Ko te ahua tuarua tohu te whanui i roto i te DM (uara häunga).
4. toru o te ahua tohu te taupū mōrahi e mau ana i ngā āhuatanga o te hua. Tohu whakaaturia i roto i te MPa.

āhuatanga o

Tēnei wā hua maha momo o ngā hua tuwhera, e rerekē rite ki te diameter me āhua o te mau papaa parau feāvaaki ratou. Ko tētahi o nga tohu i runga i nei i te poupou tuwhera-matua rerekē - Rahinga.

Whakamahia te rōpū i runga i te whare e taea e tetahi āhuatanga hanganga: he pera kotahi e pai katoa mahi whānui. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga āhuatanga nui o te hua, i te mea tenei raupapa. papa Hollow-matua e taea te tu pikaunga taimaha, e hoki iho ki te rahi o ngā hua ōrite, e kua te tikanga mo te whakamahi i roto i te hanga o nga taiepa turanga, kawenga-whanau ratou. Otiia i te hanganga rōpū taua ki feāvaaki i te take haumaru maha.

āhuatanga matua

Ki te mārama me pēhea te nui, me te tika mo te hanganga o whakaaro paewhiri e nui ki te tūhura i te painga i whakapakaritia raima papa tuwhera-matua. Raupapa 1 141 1 te tikanga mo te whakamahi i roto i ngā wāhanga o te mahi rū tiketike, reira, he tino mauroa. I tua atu, i te whakamahi o ngā hua, ka he maha atu mau huru maitatai:

1. Tukua hanganga ki te tu i te kawenga kaua faahiahia.
2. hua Hollow whakarato āhuatanga mātao waiariki tiketike, ātete pai ki te huka me te ahi.
3. Ki te whakatikatika tika o te pereti inaki tautoko whakarato mata whakapae tino.
4. Hei whakarei huka paewhiri hua, i roto i nei te kōhao ki tonu i te rauemi mātao maiengi.
5. He roa papanga, tiaki anō kore e hiahiatia ana, ratou whakamahi tino whakahaere te tono o te topcoat.
6. Mā te paraharaha whakapiki i te watertightness o te whare, te ārai i te kătahi o hau i roto i te tahi atu wahi o whare, korohū, me te ngangau.

Āhuatanga o te tono

Paewhiri PC inaianei i roto i tono i roto i te hanga o ngā o ūnga rerekē. Reira - whare ahumahi, me te tūmatanui, ngā whare noho, loggias me balconies. Hoatu o paraharaha inaki, ka taea e koe te hanga i rua tika wāhanga. Ko te tuanui, me te papa, e, ano, he tata maitai maheni enei.

Ngā mihi ki taua āhuatanga rite te kaha, he ahi resistance, waiariki mātao, e taea te whakamahi i te rōpū i roto i te hanga o te whare waihanga i roto i ngā wāhi ki tetahi āhuarangi.