Haere, Tohutohu

Pavlovsk - St Petersburg - me pehea ki te tiki i runga i te pereoo auahi

Kei muri ki te pa-hero o St Petersburg Pavlovsk - he wāhi o te hītori o te whakapaipai raki. He maha ngā māngai o te whare emepaea Russian noho i roto i reira. Tsarskoye selo, Pavlovsk, Saint-Petersburg - Photos o enei pa rongonui e te aroaro i runga i te whārangi. rā hoki ki te rautau tekau mā whitu ratou hītori. Na inaianei i roto i te rohe tapa tāone o te whakapaipai raki ko reira he whare, me te papa matatini hoahoanga, te Museum-Rahui "Pavlovsk". e pā ana St. Petersburg te ki te whare taonga o kaupapa tahi i roto i te mara o ahurea tuku iho o Russia. Ko te pokapū o te matatini ko te Pavlovsk Palace, te noho raumati mua o Emperor Paora I.

Pavlovsk, te hītori o te pa

City Pavlovsk Saint Petersburg te mahia ko te torutoru noa kiromita i te Tsarskoye selo, te rohe a tawhio noa te flat, me pukepuke awhiowhio iti. I waenganui i nga pukepuke takoto te moana, i roto i te rohe o ngahere toe tupu. Slavyanka awa, e rere ki te Neva, ko te tautohe atu i roto i manakohia o te tohuwāhi pa, i roto i aua ra i ma, me te pai mo nga hiahia o te taupori te wai awa. Na ka tīpakohia te pae mo te hanganga o te pa o Pavlovsk. St Petersburg - i roto i te tangata o te kawana-whānui - tautoko te kaupapa, ka timata te hanga.

hanga Pavlovskaya Sloboda i runga ki ara tika, me te kapi nunui lyudom, pononga, kaimahi me peasants - iwi katoa, e pā ana ki 300 iwi i runga i ngā taha e rua o Slavyanka. He ngā hanga ano he hahi kohatu o St. Meri, he kura noa mō ngā tamariki, me te iari nui eu.

mātanga

Paora Pourewa, pā rongonui, ki te taiepa te hautoa mai te whawhai ki nga Swedes, i faaho'ihia mai e Paora ahau mo te whakangungu hōia o rangatira ope, e i roto i te pa i ora. I reira hoki pa hoia '. I ahau i roto i Pavlovsk me te kāinga mo te corps moana hauā o Russia ki 30 tūru, i te mea tino i roto i runga i te ture kingi.

mahi ia rite te hōhipera aroha mo te iwi noa 26 moenga - no te wahine me te tangata, ki te maimoatanga free. Na rawa, ngāue te hōhipera hōia ki 40 tūru, wā e nei tae mai a Paora I.

te pa o Pavlovsk, Saint-Petersburg kawanatanga ko tenei i roto i te mutunga o 18 rau th, i roto i te kingitanga o Prince Paora Petrovich.

kaihoahoa

I hanga Palace me Park ensemble "Pavlovsk" i te tahuri o nga rau tau 18 me te 19, ka ko inaianei tetahi o nga papa rēhia whenua nui i roto i Europe. Pavlovsk Imperial Palace, a i hanga i roto i te 50 tau i roto i te hanga te matatini park pātata whai wāhi kaihanga o whakatupuranga e toru: Carlo Rossi, he kaihoahoa Russian o te take mai Italian, Dzhakomo Kvarengi, te kaihoahoa Italian, whai o te kāhua Palladian o hoahoanga, Vincenzo Brenna, kaipeita Italian o te whakapaipai hoahoanga, kaihoahoa Scottish Charles Cameron ko Anaru Voronikhin, kaihoahoa Russian, muimui o Classicism, tetahi o nga kaiwhakatū o te Russian Empire.

hanganga

totoro Conservation Park Pavlovsk i roto i te raorao o te awa Slavyanka, i runga i ona pareparenga e rua i roto i te rohe o 600 heketea. Kei te wehea Pavlovsk whenua ki ono wahi:

Central District.
"Star nui".
Tata "Old Sylvia."
"Sylvia New", he takiwa tata.
"Āpure oroa".
"Birch New."

ngā wāhanga o te hanganga

timata te wāhanga tuatahi o te hanganga o te whare o te papa i roto i 1782 i raro i te maru o te kaihoahoa Charles Cameron i roto i te wahi o nga ruma rakau Paullust. I te tīmatanga, ko te whare ko te whenua pai tikanga ki whare o whakaaro ōhanga me te papa iti. Heoi, Paora ahau, mo e, i roto i te meka, hanga he matatini whare, te kaihoahoa kihai i whakaae ki a Cameron e pā ana ki te whānuitanga o te papa, me te whare ano, hiahia te kingi heke mai āhuatanga atu faahiahia. Na Cameron, i muri i maha tautohetohe, me te ara papā ki te kainga ki te torona, ki te huri i tona huarahi, me te ki te whakawhānui i te rohe o te hanga. I roto i te ngahuru o 1782 kua tu te whare matua o i oti te whare, me nga ara i taha.

Ko te putanga whakamutunga o te noho o te Hiha

i muri tonu i te koroneihana o Paora ahau ki te kingitanga (i roto i te 1796) rapunga te emepera hou hanga radically taui ratou whare raumati, ki te whakanui i ona whare, me te pīkau i te rohe e karapoti ana kia rite ki te ahua Pākehā hou. Tirotiro i tukua te kaupapa whakahoutia ki te kaihoahoa Vincenzo Brenna. Neke atu i te nga tau e wha i muri i hanga rawa Pavlovsky whare.

noho te whare hou te Chancery kingi, a ka piri tona tikanga tuatahi o Emperor ki te kainga tata o Pavlovsk - Fedorovsky Posad, Tyarlevo, Whero Village ko Lipica ki te whenua, me nga peasants. riro te pa i te tikanga emepaea o te kāwanatanga pa, ahu e te tino kaiwhakahaere. Mai reira, ka anga te whare pōhiri taonga ki pōro. Heoi, kihai i te kingi whakahaere ki te noho i tona noho raumati, March 12, 1801 i patua ia e te he,.

Pavlovsk i muri Paora ahau

I muri i te matenga o te emepera Paora ahau , tona pouaru Maria Feodorovna noho i roto i Pavlovsk. Neke atu i te nga tau 27 o tona tikanga te pa, me te papa, rawa te kari huaota Palace, tae he tihi inä. A, no te mate te Empress i 1828, mutu Pavlovsk ki te tīariari rite te whare mo te kingitanga. Kua tahuri te pa ki te fiefdom o te teina o Nicholas ahau, Duke Mikhail Pavlovich, e Radel mo te te pai o Pavlovsk, hoatu i whakaaro o te whenua a tawhio noa te pa, mo te hanga pito, he rota o te whakarongo ki te whakapai ake o rori. A, no te puta Mikhail Petrovich aroha pani, me te kore utu kura tuatahi.

pereoo

City Pavlovsk ko Tsarskoye selo i 1836 piri te roa tereina Russian tuatahi he torutoru anake kiromita, engari i hītori tona uara. Tuatahi ko hoiho-unu "wahi o rino", a hohoro muri timata reira ki te haere locomotives. Haerenga i whakangahau, me te kore utu. Hoki tereina hanga Pavlovsk Station, e muri tahuri ki te wāhi waiata me kua meinga he wahi mo konohete-ao te piha haapiiraa. whakahaere ia maestro Iogann Shtraus. Pereoo hanga, ka kawea i roto i te ngahuru 1837 kua te tereina pāhihi i St Petersburg.

St. Petersburg - Pavlovsk, ranei Pavlovsk - St Petersburg ... Me pēhea ki te tiki i reira? Ana tēnei pātai e hohoro ngaro ona hāngaitanga ki te haerenga mai o te tereina. City noho o nga tsars Russian i āta tahuri ki te wahi o waho huatau mō noho raumati o St Petersburg. I roto i te wa poto ka puta nga tautooraa o Duke Mikhail Pavlovich i te pa: whare tapere, Observatory Meteorological, he taiwhanga toi me te whare pukapuka tūmatanui.

I roto i te 1902, i hanga ai i tetahi atu raina rerewhenua, i runga i-Vindava Rybinsk aronga, i tangohia e wahi i Tsarskoye selo i roto i te pereoo auahi ki Tyarlevo me i Tyarlevo ki St Petersburg. Hohoro tata ka anga katoa te intelligentsia Petersburg kia haere me te kite i te Pavlovsk me whare utu i runga i nga pareparenga o te Slavyanka. I roto i te 1874, kua tukuna te kāwanatanga pa 323 tukua e mo hanga o kāinga hararei.

Pavlovsk Palace: Chronology o hanga

timata Construction i runga i Mei 25, 1782, ka whakatakotoria te kohatu turanga i runga i te Imperial Palace.

Tau 1783 - te hanganga o te whare matua.
Tau 1785 - pourewa hanga whare taiwhanga me te whakamahi tari.
Tau 1787 - whakapaipai tonu oti ruma o te whare i roto.
Tau 1796 - te koroneihana o Paora ahau, te faaineineraa o te whare o te fariiraa Hiha.
Tau 1800 - te whare tino hanga.
Tau 1801 - te kohuru o Paora ahau kia rite ki te hua o te whakatakotoria ana tōrangapū.
Tau 1803 - he ahi e ngaro wahi o te Imperial Palace.
Tau 1805 - te mutunga o te mahi fakafoki mai i muri i te ahi.
Tau 1808 - te hanga kaihoahoa Voronikhin faahiahia o te whakapaipai roto i huaina "tari-rama", dome āhua-whare porohita, te whakapaipai ki caryatids i te toi ahua-Malinovsky.
Tau 1824 - hanga o te whare pukapuka Pavlovsk Palace.
Tau 1872 - i roto i te waenganui o te iari mua ko te tohu-whakamahara "Paora ahau".
Tau 1942 - 1944 - i tino pakaru park me whare matatini rohe Pavlovsk St Petersburg e ngā marau rangi Tiamana, ka whakaturia te whare i runga i te ahi i te kau Nasí i roto i to ratou taui.
1957 - kawea atu te toe fakafoki pou-pakanga o wahi o te matatini, whakatuwheratia fare motuhake o te whare ki te iwi whānui.
1978 - tuite i te faaho'iraa mai oti o te Imperial Palace, he matatini hoahoanga "Pavlovsk" i whakawhiwhia te Order "tohu o Whakahonoretia".
Tau 1983 - te whare, me te papa matatini "Pavlovsk" riro te mana o te whare taonga-rāhui.

Tēnei wā whakapumautia karere Pavlovsk - St Petersburg tereina tae te reira i ki te Station Vitebsk. Ko taea hoki te whakamuri ki te waiho i te tereina. Mai i reira, i runga i te whakamahau, ka taea e koe te haere ki hea i te pahi tēkihi ranei. Otiia ki Pavlovsk - St Petersburg tereina - te aratau tino utu me te pono o te waka. Ko reira noa te torutoru tūnga, tata rite tere.