Puranga headroom: ti'araa me ngā āhuatanga

Kei te tipu haere te taupori o te ao ē katoa tau. riro te katoa akiaki atu te whare mō rau o te mau utuafare e hiahia ana ki te whai i te whare flat rahi e tika ana ranei, me te, tino nui, i roto i te wahi "tika".

Hoki megacities - te pātai tino tahunga. I muri i te katoa, watea hoki ngā wāhanga katoa o hanga iti me ngā whaitua atu hiahiatia. Kua tīmata maha ngā ki te whakamahi i te katoa o nga pae e wātea ana, ahakoa o nga āhuatanga arowhenua.

Ko te kupu, ki te rangatira o te pa ki te hinaaro e hoatu i te repo whare hou, ngā wāhanga ki te wai raro, me te pera i runga i. D. Ki kore he nohopuku anake i hanga te whare, engari ano hoki qualitatively, ngā e maha whakamahia i roto i ngā take pēnei i puranga.

He aha e puranga?

Puranga - he tautoko i hanga o ngā rauemi: whakarewa, raima, whakapakaritia hanganga raima, anga, ranei toko whenua. E whakamahia ratou ki te hanganga i te reira nui atu eu, iti iho e pängia ana ki te waikura, me groundwaters turanga.

Tei runga i te hanganga āhuatanga o te whenua i runga i nei e ringihia koutou turanga, ka taea e te kaiwhakawhanake whakamahi huarahi rerekē ki te tāuta i taua tautoko. Ko te paearu matua ko te taimaha o te hanganga katoa o te whare, me te te kiato o te whenua i runga i nei e hanga ai.

kia whakamahi i tēnei i te motokā atekōkiri puranga, diesel hama, vibrator, hama waipēhi me te svaevdavlivayuschuyu. I roto i ngā take motuhake, ka te taea o te patu nga papa kohatu, te whakamahi i te drill.

upoko puranga

e kore e taea e ara te ruānuku tino mohio whakaturia te puranga kia e tona wahi o runga, i e pupuri i te turanga katoa, i runga i te taumata kotahi. E huaina ēnei ahunga upoko puranga.

Tei te āhua i runga i te matamata o te puranga, e whakamahia nei mō te whakapuru. Ka taea e te reira a tawhio noa, tapawha, tapawhā. I tua atu, mo te noho pai o taketake tāutanga, taea te whakamahi ara rerekē o te whakatika.

Ki te whakaki i te pūtake mo te turanga i te taumata e hiahiatia ana, me te tāuta i te rangatira i runga i te anga tīwae (grillage), i whakapumautia e te tikanga o taiepa mutunga.

Types me Āhuatanga

rerekē upoko puranga e kore āhua anake e ōrite ana te āhua o puranga tāutatia, engari ano hoki i te rahi. kia kore tatou e wareware e, ka whakamahi i te tīwiri pōtae puranga raima ranei ka kia rerekē hoki.

He mita nui i roto i te kōwhiri i taiepa mutunga ko tona āhua: kia waiho ai T-āhua U-āhua ranei. A, no te tāuta i runga i te mōkihi turanga headroom T-āhua e taea te whakaturia me te formwork me te paraharaha mō te ringihia te turanga.

Mai taea anake te whakamahi headroom U-āhua kurupae, a kia ōrite ratou diameter te whanui o te matamata.

āhuatanga

Ko te tino rongonui i runga i te mākete mo te wa roa noho te tīwiri, a whakapakaritia puranga raima. Ratou utu, tika me te ora ratonga roa hanga ratou te rongonui tino.

A, no te arahina te kōwhiringa rauemi kaiwhakawhanake e te āhuatanga e kore anake o te oneone, engari ano hoki te nui o te kawenga i roto i te maunga wāhi. Ki katoa o nga mita me te hanganga grillage hokona mō te whakapuru.

Te rahi toharite o te matamata takahuri o te diameter puranga, i roto i tona wahi tubular, kopikopiko i 108 mm ki 325 mm. He diameter o te matamata e ngā i 150 mm ki 200 mm.

Te ngongo diameter iti ko 57 mm. Ka taea e te anga taua mau i te iti rawa waru kirokaramu. Nuinga o ngā wā e whakamahia ratou mo te hanganga o outbuildings marama (karāti, gazebo, whakaheke).

Whānui matamata puranga ki te diameter 89 mm o. Hoatu tīwae ki te diameter o Peat repo ranei mo te hanganga o villas, pati, karati, taiepa.

Puranga ki te rahi 108 mm o Headroom te nuinga "i maia". Ratou tautoko ngāwari te taimaha o taranata e toru me te hawhe, huihui e te tikanga pūkaha me he tika hoki tata katoa momo o te oneone.

Raima puranga headroom he āhua tapawha ki te roa te taha o i rua tekau henimita. Ko te taimaha te pikaunga, te roa te puranga raima whakapakaritia.

Tieki whakapakaritia raima ranei?

Ko te take i roto i te pai rawa o te rauemi mo nga puranga noho tuwhera i roto i te wahi tuatahi no o te rahi whare. Hoki whakahau o ahumahi-tauine (whare tiketike-ara, whare arumoni me te tari, piriti) whakamahi whakapakaritia pou raima.

He roa, ātete ki te waikura ratou, nohotahi pai huringa pāmahana. Ko te mate o tenei momo o puranga ko te utu nui o te tāutanga. Kei te hanga te reira i te whakamahi i te tikanga motuhake.

Iti utu ki te tāuta puranga takahuri e. Ka taea te tāuta ratou na roto i te mahi rauemi tangata anake. Na reira, kei te puranga tīwiri tino maha whakamahia i roto i te hanganga o Bungalows, whare iti.

Kutikuti tapahia ranei?

Ki te hoahoa i te turanga maeneene, i muri i tapahia te tāutanga o te puranga e i te taumata e hiahiatia ana. mahi tua upoko puranga e:

• whāhauhau hama (he nui iti o te mahi);

• tumu waipēhi (hanga o complexes noho pokapū hokohoko ranei).

Hei mahi i te whawhe tika katoa, e whakaaro te ariki te tiketike e hiahiatia ana, ka e hatepea puranga. A reira, ki te te hanganga raima, ki te awhina o tikanga improvised, mahi he awa parautanga me tītipi raima te taikaha.

Waiho i te anga whakarewa anake, tapahia nei e te tikanga o pamu waipēhi me te jackhammer. Ki te tika, te ariki taea "hono" te toe tutaki, me te formwork o te turanga.

he tikanga taua mo te tango i "hira" rawa wā-kai, me te taea te tango i te wa roa. tukinotia te kaiwhakahauhau i kaua e nui ake ma rima headroom.

Neke atu i te pūtea me te ara tere - ki te hatepea atu nga pito. He watea, me te economical he tikanga taua. E tika ana mō te whakamahi ki ngā momo rerekē o puranga. Ko te tāpiri nui ko te-tere tiketike mutu tukatuka, e tino whakaiti te wa grillage whakaritenga.

Hei whakapai whakamahia improvised tapahi taputapu - kaihuri, ki te rīpene tāuta ranei awhe kōpae; kite auaha.

I mua i te mahi tohu whakaritea cutoff raina taioma, ranei, mo te tapahia kite maeneene mahi i te haehae circumferential. Ki te te tīmata i te taputapu puranga ranei ki te wera ake, e te matao o ratou, a ka haere tonu ki te mahi.

Ko te mate o tenei tikanga o te maimoatanga he oti kahore ona i muri cutoff vaolo, a hoki snashivaemost nohopuku mahi taputapu. E kia hua i roto i ngā utu atu mo te hoko o Whakapau.

Nahea ia faaineine no te te whakaminenga?

Ki te i whiriwhiria nga puranga whakarewa taputapu turanga, he mea e tika ana ki te whakahaere i te mahi tuatahi ki te opehia e muri roa upoko.

I muri trimming i rua ranei e toru henimita i te wahi i kite ai ahau hatepea Me ki te tango i te apa paninga tiaki i te rauemi i te rongo ki ngā āhuatanga taiao. Hoki tenei paraihe he tino hoki whakarewa he āpitihanga motuhake ki te mīhini ranei.

tāutanga

Tāutanga o upoko puranga ano he ona ake āhuatanga. Ko te paearu matua mō te whakanoho i te ahua o te puranga me te rauemi o nei te hanga ai. Ki te Hoatu tīwiri puranga, ka tika mutu reira taiepa o whakarewa me te titia e te tikanga o te fehokotaki'anga.

Ka taea e waiho he upoko wāhanga T-āhua i te puka o te paraharaha ki te turanga porohita, hoatu nei i runga i te puranga tenei, ka noaa te whakamahi i fehokotaki'anga he tui. I tua atu, ki te whakamahia mō te whakapuru grillage hongere ahau-kurupae ranei, kua paiherea ki te mutunga o te puranga i roto i te ara motuhake.

Ahau-kurupae titia ki te Weld i te puka o te paraharaha tapawha, kōaro te hongere "parirau" privarivaya raro ki te turanga. Ki te whakaritea e te whare kaihoahoa te hanga o rakau, te "aho" tuatahi o rākau hono ki te tokotoko upoko wahi maitai.

Hoki nga electrodes fehokotaki'anga e whakamahia ki te rahi 3 mm o, he kore nui ake i te 100 amperes te uara o nāianei.

Ki te kei te tāuta koe i te turanga puranga pōtae raima whakamahia puranga headroom, haamata tona tāutanga i muri e tua ana i te upoko puranga ki te taumata e hiahiatia ana. Headroom o tenei momo e tāuta i roto i te ranunga raima i te wa o te whakakī i te puranga tāuta i roto i te timbering turanga.

Na inaianei mo te pai

e kore te mea hou mā te whakamahi i te puranga i roto i te hanga. Ko ko reira pea e kua ite kore kiritaki katoa ki o ratou whakamahinga i roto i te ora. He tokomaha e raruraru e te tukanga roa o ratou tāutanga, me te he ara mahi-kaha o tāuta grillage.

E tano ia tapao e te whakamahi o tenei momo o te turanga whakaora rangatira kāinga i runga i te momo o ngā āhuatanga kino. Ko ratou:

• Spring me te ngahuru waipuke.
• tapepe oneone (repo, ki Hatihi, floaters).
• Whakangāwari o ekeeke e kore nei e whakawhirinaki i runga i nga tikanga te rangi (maeke, mahana me te rite. D.).
• Construction o whare i runga i ngā mata pāhiwihiwi;
• tohatoha kawenga taimaha haere te aratau o te turanga.

I roto i te ao i reira e nui o kaupapa i roto i nei te hanga o nga turanga i whakamahia, noho ana i runga i te tīwiri me puranga raima. Te nuinga o ratou - Ecoprojects reira nei mahi ko ki tiaki te ataahua mä o te pae hanga tīpakohia. koki tiakina o Norway, Finland, taonga ki te whare rerekē "i runga i waewae heihei." Ehara i anake te mahi hei ratou mau fare maitai mo ratou rangatira, engari ano hoki te attraction mō tūruhi pākiki.

Ataahua, hāneanea, ka tino nui, kei te patu whare haumaru i roto i te tapatahi ratou me te hoahoa taketake. He aha te momo o taiepa mutunga me puranga ka hei te turanga o tou whare, te reira ki runga ki a koutou. Ko te mea matua kua mahi e tenei turanga e rave rahi whakatupuranga o koutou whānau.