Raf-2203: arotake o te tangata, ngā, whakaahua

"Rafik 2203" - he tino o kaitaraiwa maha, ara tenei ra ko ia i roto i to ratou koroingo wairua. A tae noa inaianei, ka kore kē tenei tauira i roto i te hanga o tenei van tonu he kape onge tino mō pā o faka me tao'a tahito.

Kakama, me te maneuverable RAF-2203

RAF tauira 2203 whakaputaina i roto i Riga i 1976 ki te 1987. I te tikanga mo te momo o take. Nuinga maha ko reira te waka e whakamahia ana rite waka rakau, ambulances me tiaki hauora tika rite waka ā me te kamupene.

minibus Tahora RAF-2203 - pereoo. Kei tōna roto o 2 wāhanga:

1. wehenga mua i reira kei te taraiwa te me kotahi occupant nohoanga.
2. wehenga muri, rite rawa ki iwa tūru pāhihi, hoki i reira he kawenga.

Me ahau mea e runga i te minibus e tino pai arotake RAF-2203. Iwi nei i ki te mahi i runga i tenei "Rafiki," e kore e huna i to ratou anaanatae e pā ana ki te taitara o te waka. E ai ki a ratou, he mīhini nehenehe, nui-tere, pakari me te economical. I tua atu, i te tino whakamoemiti i hanga pai, huri mai pai, me te vortkost i tahuri, a tahuri te reira ki te whui arahina.

Engine - te ngakau o tetahi waka

pūkaha RAF-2203 ki Carburetor wahie supply, i rite rawa ki te waka, te mahi i runga i penehīni. Kua whakamahia e matou te pūkaha i GAZ-24 hoki tenei tauira. I tū te reira i roto i te mua, me te pei nga wira muri. i te pūkaha whakaritenga rōraina, piha 4 me 8 ipurau. Mau, me ahau mea e rite rawa tenei tauira e ki e rua ngā momo o engines:

• ZMZ 2401;
• ZMZ 402-10.

Ko atu kaha te rua o nga pūkaha, ko reira anake te rerekētanga i waenganui i a ratou. Heoi, i reira i tetahi atu mita motuhake - te pūkaha tuatahi mahi i runga i penehīni Hai-76, me te tuarua - i runga i AI-93.

kua he synchronizers minibus i runga i nihowhiti mua katoa, e atu te mahi tuku "Rafik" Manual tuku 4-tere.

Te motokā taea tae tere o nei i kotahi rau e rua tekau - kotahi rau me te toru tekau kiromita ia haora.

Tinana me te whakatārewatanga minibus

Body RAF-2203 - amo, katoa-whakarewa. E 4 nga tatau kotahi-rau te motokā:

• 2 o ratou - i runga i te tika - e hangaia mō te pāhihi nohoanga;
• tatau i runga i te maui, ko te hoki te atekōkiri;
• tatau muri whakarato wāhi ki te kawenga.

minibus tupu whakatārewatanga ki absorbers ru, me te mo te pūnaha wahia "Rafik" e hanga ai te pūnaha o ngā pereki drum e tāuta i runga i nga wira katoa e wha o te mīhini. Ki te tika, kia hanga e taea te i RAF-2203 i runga i maha teihana kāinga.

Production - Latvia

Te nuinga tauira production tuatahi minivans whakaahua RAF-2203 e taea kite koutou i roto i tenei tuhinga, kua oho iho te rārangi whakaminenga o te wheketere motokā Latvian hou i roto i Hakihea 1975. Na ka whakatuwheratia te tau i muri mai i te Street Green mo ratou production papatipu. He tau i muri mai i tu ia ki runga ki te nekeneke me te whakarerekētanga motuhake - Coach whawhati tata ratonga hauora RAF-22031.

A, no te te whakarerekē waka rite te minivan, reira kaha taea ki a koe te kawe ake ki te kotahi tekau ma tahi iwi i roto i te rarangi. Kua Nā ki tenei, me ētahi atu huru maitatai kua wehea whānui atu RAF-2203 puta noa i te USSR. I muri i te mahuetanga o te whenua ki āhua motuhake, kua enei waka te mono i e tauira hou, i roto i ngā te motokā "Gazel". Ko te tīari tonu etahi tauira i roto i te tahi mau whenua o te Uniana o mua.

Ētahi ngā motokā

raraunga Hangarau me āhuatanga RAF-2203 e whai ake nei:

1. Ko te roa o te motokā 4 tae 980 m cm i roto i te whanui - 2 m 035 cm, me te tiketike o te mīhini - 1 m 970 cm.
2. Aroturuki wira mua "rafika" - 1 m 474 cm, ara muri - 1 m 420 cm.
3. minibus Mass ki taputapu - 1670 kg.
4. Ko tōna taimaha kerekere - 2710 kg.
5. Te hāhira pūkaha, 4 puoto ZMZ 2203 / 2,445 rita.
6. Tau o tūru - 11, me te taraiwa.
7. Te tawhiti braking i te tere o te 60 km / h ko 25.8 m.
8. tauwhare mua ko te 1 m ki te 200 cm.
9. tauwhare muri - anake 1 m 120cm.
10. kaupae mīhini teitei i runga ake i te whenua - 40 cm.
11. Maroke mamau kotahi-kōpae.
12. tōnā ā-.
13. absorbers ru waipēhi.
14. Spring Front whakatārewatanga Independent i runga i wishbone.
15. whakatārewatanga muri ti'aturi i runga i puna rau āhua-Ēripitiki roa.

Āhuatanga minibus RAF

Faahiahia minibuses katoa e pii te iwi "Rafiki" taa ê āraituki mua porotaka waho te "niho", E tuakina nga matapihi o te tatau mua, rama whānui ma i runga i te tuanui, a tawhio whakaata muri-tirohanga me te Konqueror-moana potae kōpae, pera i roto i "Täingäwai" GAZ -21.

I mua ki te otinga i roto i te 1976 minibus rangatū RAF-2203 i oti ki te tiketike taketake rōpū mea, rite rawa ki te papatono ki a tawhio. I roto i te 1977, kua riro te tauira te rōpū hou ki te tautau mea, tangohia i runga i i te GAZ-24. I te wa ano i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakarerea te putanga, kei raro i te matapihi waenganui i te taha tauranga.

Reviews "Rafiki"

Ni'ai ki te meka e korero iwi e pā ana ki RAF-2203. Reviews o nga tangata, kia rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, he tino pai. Vai nei te tahi kōrero iti e taea te whakaaro te haunga, engari e kore e ratou pera nui mo te āhuatanga whānui. Māngai o nga kamupene, me te hunga e riro te RAF mo te pakihi, tohe e homai te utu iti o te mīhini, hoki ia kororia. Ko te tuatahi tenei, a tuarua, te meka nui ko te ngaro o ngā raruraru ki ngā wāhanga e manawapa. Tata mea katoa e hiahia ana koe, uru te motokā "Täingäwai", ki te kahore o rino tinana.

Little pono "tank" - na ka karanga e te tahi mau kaitaraiwa RAF-2203. Kei te nuinga î arotake o te tangata ki te whakapai kanohi ki tenei workaholic-aunoa. Ētahi tuhia he pai whakamarie i roto i te motokā, kia kia whakamahia ki reira pea tika mo te ra kotahi. Ahakoa kore te te Papatohu arotakea e te score teitei, engari whakaaro te nuinga reira tino watea. hanga whakawātea whenua High e wātea ana i te minibus peia i runga i te ara paru.

Mai i kino ki te mea e ki te whāwhā o te hotoke, he iti bit kino, engari, ano, i reira e hiahia ana te peu. Ki te he mahi iti mo te atekōkiri, ka haere mai me te pūkenga. Ka rite ki haunga te tuhia me e te tūranga i roto i mua o te pūkaha, i te mea he aha te minivan taimaha ngā i runga i te wahi ki mua o reira. A, o te akoranga, ki te āhuatanga ngā kohi wahie nui RAF-2203.

Āhuatanga minibus (te mea e whakaaetia katoa e korero i roto i), rite tenei motokā he ngāwari, me te rawa mahi, kia tino hāngai mō ngā pakihi iti.

Tīmata o te hanga o te tauira 2203

I roto i te mutunga o 60-doma o te ahumahi automotive Latvian ite te kaimahi catastrophic o wāhi production. Nā ki te whakatau i nga hiahia o tenei whenua nui i roto i waka ko tata taea. A pera i roto i te 1969 tīmata tatou te hanga o te tipu hou, kei nei i 25 km i Riga, i roto i te pa o Jelgava.

Mau, i hangaia tenei tipu nui tuatahi, ka hanga i raro i te tauira hou o te minibus, a ka rite rawa ki te tino i taua wa taputapu hou. Mana, ka anga production tona mahi i roto i te tau 1976. Ko i timata taua tau ano te hanga o te whakaputa rangatū o te minivan ki te taupū o 2203.

production papatipu

Ka rite ki te tere o te hanga o te minivan "Rafiq-2203" tawhiti nui tona mua, te tauira 977. I roto i 1984, i roto i te Hui-tanguru, whakaputaina te tipu kotahi rau tau mano, RAF-2203 - me tenei i muri i 9 anake tau i muri i te tīmatanga o te raupapa production!

I roto i te 80 tau e haere mai ana i roto i te wheketere i Jelgava kua whakaputaina āhua 17,000 waka ia tau. Hoki tenei whakaaro i whai wāhi hoki ratou me nga toa tawhito katoa me te tinana o te hinonga i Riga, engari te nuinga e haere ana ratou i teie nei ki-tauine iti puranga iti o waka i runga i whakahau motuhake. ko Riga ano tari hoahoa, ka tikanga Bureau Motuhake mo te whakamātautau.

taime o te hītori

Ko te waka tuatahi RAF i to ratou ake āhuatanga, pērā i sidelights o GAZ-24 me te aroaro o te taipe wheketere i runga i te tatau muri. I tohua te tahuri o 1978-1979 i te whakakapinga o te tuku kōrero o te "Täingäwai" kotahi repeaters pahi hohoko, me i nekehia te tohu o te tipu i te tatau hoki. I tua atu, tata 10 tau minivans whakaputaina i roto i tenei puka, kahore hanga i tetahi huringa nui rawa.

tohu Kounga i te tihi tutuki

I roto i te 1979, mo tona tipu riro RAF te State Kounga Mark. Ko mo etahi, ho'i tika i muri i whakaputaina i te kounga nga tau ka anga nga waka ki te hinga. piki timata Plant ki te farii i amuamu, amuamu me ngā kerēme, ngā i ngā kaiwhakarato tiaki hauora e whakamahi i te waka tūroro. puta te ohipa kino i roto i Hui-tanguru 1986, ka gospriomka tata e pā ana ki 13% o waka hou hoki te whakato ki te whakakore i te mea kohakore kitea.

Tautohe i roto i kaiwhakahaere

Hoki i roto i te 1986, i roto i te whakahaere wheketere whakawhanakehia he matapaki tūmatanui. Koi whakaarahia te kaupapa mo tika nga take he heke haere i roto i te kounga o Jelgava pereoo production. I roto i haere mai te pakanga ki te whakatau e ki te whakapai ake i tēnei āhuatanga, titau te tipu e kore anake te tuku o tauira hou o waka, engari ano hoki i ētahi atu kaiwhakahaere.

I muri i te pōti whakahaere reira ko Viktor Bossert. I roto i te hononga ki te Riga Autobus Factory riro i te pūtea motu nui moni mo te katoa whakamohoa hangarau ki te titauraa ki te whai tauira hua, tae atu kua nui ake nga ngā RAF-2203.

faaearaa

I muri hinga te Soviet Union, puta te whakato RAF, rite maha atu rite roroa Baltic ahumahi kanga. Te whati ki Russia kihai i tākaro ki te ringa o te hanga. No te mea te huringa o te hanga o te tipu ka ui kai i Russia, ka pā tenei ki tata nga wae katoa. I te wa ano, tonu e tika ana ki te whaturama o whanaunga ki Russia, hinga koi te mākete, no te mea o te mea i te hanga ki te kia hatepea mua ki te tuku o te 4-5 mano waka i te tau.

E ngana ana ki te ora, me te noho manu, i hanga whakahaere o te whakato tautooraa ki te whakawhānui i te whānuitanga hua. Ko te whakarewatanga production e rave rahi hou waka whaipainga me minibuses mō ngā take motuhake i runga i te pūtake o te RAF-2203. ka tukua e ngā rōpū iti waka RAF-2920, Pickups whaipainga RAF-3311, me ētahi atu waka. Ko kāore, rite te hanga o te angitu o te mehua e kore i kawea mai, no te mea, i roto i te meka, te tauira turanga rawa "Rafiq-2203" kua tino tūnga tawhito e taua wa.

Production o te autaia "Rafik" katia Whakamutunga

1993 tohua te timatanga o te hanga o te Nizhny Novgorod "anaterope", hua i roto i te tipu Baltic, e hua "Rafiki" hopea ngaro tona mākete nui - Russia. Local, arā, te tangata Baltic te hoki e kore e tino whakakitea ratou moni i roto i nga hua, i hoatu ratou hiahia ki te b / u o AUTOMOBILES i Western Europe.

Āwhina hinonga taea te huri i te tauira taketake, rawa mai huri noa te mutunga o nga 80 ', hanga te wheketere tika 2 ariā hou, tenei "Roxanne" me "Steeles". Ēnei tauira He nui ngā tūmanako. Engari ki te haere ki to ratou production papatipu, hiahiatia reira he ao hou tuwhena o te kamupene me te haumi nui. kihai i te rapu mo te investor i angitu, ka iti te maha o hua "Rafikov" marama, ka tupu hoki nga nama tipu.

ka haere mai te kau i roto i 1997 ka tukua te tipu Baltic RAF tona puranga hou o ngā hua, me i te puna o 1998, whakaaturia te kamupene kaihau. Here i tenei ka i oti te aamu o te minivan papatipu i roto i te aamu o te Soviet Union, a ki reira mutu te hītori o te ahumahi pereoo Latvian.