Rauemi auaha: te āhuatanga, tono

Kua e fa'ahinga kua mōhio o abrasives mō tauatini maha. whakamahia iwi kohatu, me te onepu ki te tarai me te whakakoi maripi, tao me arrowheads me matau ika. Ko te tuatahi he hōanga auaha, i roto i nei te tūranga o te whakauru kaha takaro purapura iti o te kiripaka. Tae noa te kitea o ara o te tukatuka i tēnei rauemi ko te whakarewa auaha arahina ki te taea o te whanaketanga o te katoa o te tangata, kia rite ki te iwi na noa kahore ara atu ki te hanga taputapu mo e rua mahi me patu.

He aha te mea te reira i te wāhi tinana o te tirohanga,

Tikanga abrasives He kohuke rawa pakeke, e kua kei i runga i te mata o runga o te tauine Mohs o pakeke - i kiripaka ki te taimana. Otiia ara e taea rauemi ngohengohe mahi i tenei mahi. Kāri, houra pekana me rua hua e taea ki te take pai ki te karanga abrasives. Ki te ratou farerei tatou i runga i te rā, me he nui to ratou faufaa i roto i te ora ia rā.

I roto i te tahi mau tukanga, e taea te whakamahi e ratou?

Kei te maha i huaina rauemi auaha kore pera i te mea o ona āhuatanga tinana, a e tika ana ki te āhua o te whakamahi. He maha ngā akomanga o taua tukanga. I roto i ngā mīhini sandblasting kia whakamahia te maha rawa o ngā rauemi kia, i raro i ngā āhuatanga noa kahore e whakahuatia i ngā āhuatanga auaha. whakamahi i tēnei taputapu he awa kaha hau wai ranei, i roto i nei neke i te tere tiketike matūriki iti o te tahi mau pūhui. I roto i ētahi wā, he mata auaha, nui te tūranga o te tātari-chopper.

E whakamahia mihini sandblasting mō te orooro me te mutunga whakamutunga o nga wahi me hua oti. kia tango tenei tata tetahi rauemi auaha i te anga o te nati me purapura o kai rākau, anga o mollusks me ētahi atu mea organic ki nga mongamonga iti rawa o parahi, para, karaihe houra tunutunu ranei.

wāhanga matua

Ko te tino rongonui mō piriti ngingio auaha, me te tahi atu hanganga maitai takawai onepu. Ko te kupu i reira ko te maimoatanga tino whai hua ki te waikura, e tino whakapiki i te mauroa o ngā hanganga engineering. Me whiwhi tēnei tukanga te abrasives kiato tiketike. Ka rite ki te tikanga, maimoatanga o ngā hanganga whakarewa tā te whakamahi o te rangi kōpeke. nui ia te tūranga o te whakatere korakora, me e kore atu pānga ha'iriiri.

Heoi, i roto i ētahi wā, ka taea te whakamahi i te reira, me te wai. I roto i ngā ka horoi hanganga raima. Me wā Tata katoa hanganga hanga i roto i te rohe o te Unuhia takutai,. Ko te meka e faarahi ratou mata ki te wā he paparanga mātotoru o te tote, me te tahi atu pūhui ha'iriiri. wai hou, e i mua i tāpiri te rauemi e tika ana (auaha) kore anake tango ratou ki te raima, engari hua ano hoki "desalting". Ano, tenei mahi tino whakanuia ana te ora o ngā ratonga whare.

Orooro oti hua

Orooro - e te te tukanga tino nui i roto i nei abrasives tono ko tino whanui. Ka rite ki te tikanga whānui, ki te kawea mai ki te tino oti hua ranei etahi wāhanga mā te whakamahi i whakapiri motuhake wira ngohengohe ranei, me te pūhui e hāngai ana i runga i resins waihanga. titau te reira i ara he hautai auaha ohie. Cerium waikura, taimana, takawai, waikura rino me te chromium waikura - pūhui e e tino pinepine whakamahia tenei ra.

Novakulit (toka siliceous mātotoru) - ano he rauemi raw pai mo nga rauemi oro. Cerium waikura Ko te kohuke nui tino whakamahia mō te orooro karaihe. e kore e tenei hononga Aotea reira, engari ohaoha whakapati me te whiti. I roto i nga tau tata nei, Heoi, Karbid Kremniya me taimana waihanga mō tenei whakamahia piki. I runga i a ratou, meinga ana e ia he whitiki auaha tino utu me te tōtika. Kei te tino pai te oreore te reira mo te maimoatanga o te nuinga "-feliliuaki" rauemi.

Ko te whakamahi o mara autō

I roto i nga tau tata nei, kei te tīmata ake me te ake whānuitia i roto i te ahumahi ki te mahi i te tukanga o te huri auaha. Ki te mahi i tenei, e kore e whakamahi i te wai pressurized rangi kōpeke ranei: matūriki auaha iti tētē i roto i te papa autō kaha, e hanga he "grindstone". whakamahia tēnei tikanga i roto i pū engineering, rite taea te whakamahi i te reira ki te whakakanapatia me Hōne nga kōrero, te tikanga e nei kia utu rawa ki te tukatuka me te / mo te wa roa ranei. Ka rite ki auaha pūhui konumohe tino whakamahia nuitia ki nga konganuku e whai i tēnei āhuatanga.

tikanga oro Magnetorheological

A, no te kore te tikanga oro rheological o taputapu auaha "tinana" whakamahia. Kua konatunatua te rauemi ki te wai i roto i nei e ratou nekehanga nui i raro i te mana o mara hiko. he rite i roto i te maha tikanga ki taua whakaahuatia i runga ake tenei tikanga, Kei te whakamahia hoki reira mo te maimoatanga o etahi wahi i roto i te pū engineering me ngā ahumahi rite.

Ko te tikanga, i roto i nga tau tata nei i roto i te hanga e piki timata ki te whakamahi i abrasives, i mua-i konatunatua ki te wai resins waihanga ranei. He tauira pai - nana gọi whakapiri auaha i runga i chromium waikura. Kua roa i mohiotia reira, engari anake i roto i nga tau tata nei utu i reira tokanga makehe. He kuware te take - utu iti o tenei pūhui, me tona kakama tiketike i roto i te orooro. Ano, mahi whakapiri oangé auaha i runga i te rauemi ki te kia tukinotia, kahore rakuraku hoko i te reira ranei.

Huri wira hoki kaihuri koki ( "Bulgarians")

E whakamahia ratou kahore anake hoki te orooro. taea tonu te hatepea Abrasives i roto i te rauemi tino roa. Hoki tenei whakaaro, e hanga wira kikokore auaha i runga i te pūtake o te konumohe ōkai me resins phenolic. I roto i te wā onge, he whakarewa huri wira. He mahuinga ia i roto i ngā i roto i te tangohanga o whakapakoko mapere taua taputapu. Ko te take i he te tino mātotoru tenei kohuke, painga ki kani Toka tikanga.

Rite tonu ki ta matou kua whakahuatia, kua whakamahia hoki te tapahi te konumohe ōkai, Karbid Kremniya, taimana waihanga me te boron carbide. O enei, e taea te hanga te wira huri, tae atu i te ahua o te mata kite motuhake mō ngā rauemi tiketike-kaha.

Ko te taputapu matua whakamahia mō te ahumahi

Ko te kupu, e hiahiatia ana i enei pūhui ki kia whakakoi, te oro, tapahi rauemi. maha whakamahi ahumahi Modern taputapu auaha o te take mai horihori. Ko te take mō tenei - āhua utu iti o ō. fakanatula e nui atu te utu puta pūhui. I roto ko toutou ratou mea whakapā konumohe ōkai me Karbid Kremniya, zirconia me pera-ka karanga superabrasives (taimana boron nitride ranei).

He onge okotahi me e te nuinga māngai e corundum. Ko ia te tino utu, me tona whakamahinga i roto i te hanga o te makona iti. I roto i te taimana taiao noa atu uaua whakamahia kāore mō te orooro tika ki te rahi tino iti, hē hanganga ranei.

Ko te whanaketanga o abrasives ahumahi

timata te hītori o abrasives ahumahi mō te huri wira ki te kohuke māori - kiripaka me te silicon, me te corundum. Ko te whakamutunga, i te ara, hoki te wa tuatahi, a ka mohiotia rite "Emery". Ko te pae tuatahi o te auaha. timata kore o kohuke māori i roto i te hawhe tuatahi o te rautau rua tekau, me te tata i oti e te mutunga o te reira. Ko te wāhi i konei ko kihai anake te utu nui o ngā rauemi tūturu. Ko te meka e whai ratou katoa āhuatanga pai-tautuhi e huri kore kua tae mai i roto i. abrasives waihanga tīmata hoki i raro i etahi tikanga, ka taea e kia tino rerekē, me te pai ake hāngai ki te whakaoti i etahi raruraru rerekē.

Hei tauira, i te tikanga o hangarau hou e taea te hanga pūhui ki te āhua matūriki Ahakoa he sliver. he pai hoki tono ki te mata o nga wira oro taua rauemi. I tua atu, he mea ka taea ki te hanga i ngā rauemi katoa hou, i te whakakotahi i, mo te tauira, Titanium waikura ki pūhui konumohe. He pai hoki te maimoatanga o papa ngā pakeke ēnei abrasives.

A, no te reira ko he "pakaruhanga auaha" i roto i te ahumahi?

production Modern o abrasives, tae atu i te tuku o te huri wira me hiako Emery, he uaua ki te whakaahua no te mea o te taimaha o tohu me Mua, i roto i te maha ngā take whakaahua te hua taua. Ko te kī ki taua pakanga, ko te kuware - no te mea ka taea e te rerekētanga iti rawa i roto i te hanganga matū rēhita i te whakapakoko waitohu hou. Ko te aha te mea te pūtake mō abrasives waihanga, a ka i te ahumahi whakamahi i te taea o to ratou papatipu?

Apii ko hui nui te whakatuwheratanga o te takawai carbide - he kohuke, kihai i kitea i roto i te āhua. Te hanga i te alumina waihanga i roto i 1890 whakaongaongatia anake timatanga o te rangahau i roto i tenei rohe. Na roto i te mutunga o 1920 waikura konumohe waihanga, Karbid Kremniya, kapakara me Emery e nui abrasives ahumahi.

Otiia ka haere mai te pakaruhanga tūturu i roto i te 1938. Reira ka ka taea ki te whakaputa i alumina parakore matū, e te kitea tonu whānui tono i roto i te engineering aunoa. Te reira i hohoro ka mārama e te ranunga o zirconia me alumina he pai hoki mahi uaua i roto i tapahi ngā kōeke whakarewa rawa pakeke. Reira tino ko te paura auaha ahurei: pupuritia reira pai tiketike, engari ko reira ngā cheap. e pupuri ana hoki teie mahana nikau alumina waihanga katoa, tiaki te taketake hanganga bauxite microcrystalline o te rauemi tīmatanga. I roto i ngā na ahurei i hanga Cubitron ™, me te abrasives i runga i okouku i raro i SolGel ™ waitohu.

I "hoa pai o kotiro" te

taimana Natural - te kohatu auaha matamua. riro ia rongonui i roto i te 1930. he tika hoki e rua take Tom. Tuatahi, i mua i te buka o te hanga taimana ko hokiate me tika e kore i taea e te pae tino hipokina te tipu hiahia o te ahumahi. Tuarua, i roto i te hononga ki te tikanga whakapeka o tama'i e tupu maira, ka anga maha whenua ki te rapu wawe huarahi ki te tukatuka carbide Tungsten ki te awhina o mihini. Kei te whakamahia tonu tenei taonga i roto i te hanga o otaota o armor- projectiles hohonu.

Ko te raruraru, kua ainei i te pakeke o te rauemi e abrasion tika kihai i tangohia. He ako whakahaere i roto i nga 1960 na General Electric, kua arahina ki te putanga o taimana waihanga. Te mutunga iho rangahau i roto i tenei rohe ārahi ki te whakatuwheratanga o te nitride boron pūtoru, CBN. Tenei pūhui, he pakeke o te taimana, Kei te whānui whakamahia i roto i te hanga o te tahi atu abrasives, mai taea te tata paräoa reira ki pakeke puehu kōeke maitai.

O te akoranga, katoa o enei abrasives, i roto i te tua ki te katoa o ona āhuatanga faahiahia, i kotahi drawback nui - te utu. He okotahi tata he auaha Abral, āwangawanga Pākehā synthesized Pechiney. Kua whakawhanakehia tēnei kamupene he ahua o "whakakapinga taimana", e, iti iho ki a ratou i roto i te pakeke tino toa i roto i te utu.

Otiia kihai anake i oho te ahumahi abrasives mua. i whakamahia rauemi faufaa nui rite te pūtake mo ratou tono. I roto i ngā, i te hanga ai Bakelite, ki te whai wāhi hua atu marama, ano wira huri roa. i orohina ai whakanoho ratou me abrasives pai tohaina i roto i to ratou rōrahi ā-. E whakarato ana i tino pai ake te kounga o ngā rauemi tukatuka.

kakahu Emery

Emery kakahu whakamahia rite te turanga, papanga horihori me te taiao, kiriata, a tae noa pepa mania, weu papanga-whakapakaritia. I roto i ētahi wā, te "nazhdachku" i rite e impregnating te otinga i runga i resins phenolic wai ranei (ki te tua o abrasives, o te akoranga) papanga. taea hoki te te whiwhi te reira i hautai auaha. E mohiotia whānuitia taua taputapu ki tata katoa, e fehangahangai tatou ki a ratou tonu, me nga ra.

Kua whakaahuatia matou te maha tono o enei rauemi. Ko te meka ko e te nuinga o ratou e kore e fehangahangai te tangata toharite i roto i te huarahi i te katoa i roto i to ratou oraraa. Hei tauira, e mohio ana he tokomaha te iwi e pā ana ki te kohatu whakakoi, rakau te pepa taua ranei, te tangata e whakamahia ana mata auaha. Otira e matau ana torutoru rawa te iwi nga momo motuhake o ngā matū e kua whakamahia, hei tauira, ahunga kaihanga o maripi kounga tiketike o ngā auroro maitai superhard ranei. Ko te whakamutunga, rokohanga, te kāinga ki te whakakoi tata mariko. "Whakakoi" hoki ratou hiahia rawa motuhake.

Hoki te tahi mau mahi pai tetahi ranei tetahi auaha?

Hoki te hiahia motuhake e hiahiatia ana superabrasive, e kua kua matou poto whakahuatia i runga ake. E te aroaro ano hoki ratou i roto i te puka o hiako Emery, brushes auaha, ngā kōpae me ngā porowhita. Ko te kupu, kaiwhakanao maitai he alumina me te takawai carbide i roto i te hanga o matatahi paerewa-kōeke. te tikanga titau hoki production Mass whakamahi whānui o mīhini sandblasting: kowiri tira, te tuku ahunga pōro me te tukatuka papatipu rawa maro. Heoi, i roto i te nuinga o te wā, noho mateaki ki "tawhito pai" alumina kaiwhakanao. Ko te cheap tenei paura auaha, engari he tino whai hua.

I te mutunga o

Abrasives, hangatonu pe ta'efakahangatonu tākaro he wāhi i roto i te hanga o tata nga mea katoa e fehangahangai iwi i nga ra katoa. I roto i ngā, i waho a ratou taea ki te hanga whare o te konumohe anodized, e he na rongonui ki te pā o "aporo" hua. Kaua e wareware e te ohie huri kohatu "kaihuri" ranei te ara pepa noa - te hua o whakatupuranga maha o pūtaiao me kaimahi kohikohi me te whakarite i ō rātou mōhiotanga i runga i te tau.

Kamupene whakaputa ngā momo o abrasives, huri wira me te pepa, te whakamahi i ariā, e he hakari i roto i maha ahumahi hāngai ana. E arahina ratou e te raraunga whiwhi i roto i te ako o uku, e whānui kaimahi tono matū, ahupūngao me te metallurgy. E tonu āwhina Abrasives - ko ratou te āhuatanga matua o te huringa hanga hou o hinonga maha.