ROC He aha te tenei? Russian Ekalesia Siu

Karaitiana i roto i Russia timata ki te horapa i roto i te rau tau IX. Kei te tino kaha te awe tenei tukanga e tona pātata ki te Empire nui Byzantine, whakaaetia ana Karaitiana. Ki te mahi ki te pātai: "ROC - e ko," ruku he iti ki te hītori o Russia tahito, te wahi rave tuatahi nga mahi mātauranga o te Silaví kaikauwhau - te teina Kirill ahau Mefody. ka mau te iriiringa tuatahi Princess Olga o Kiev i 954. whai wāhi ana tēnei kaupapa ki te meka e muri i te Kiev Prince Vladimir i 988, iriiria Rus.

Ko te hītori o te Siu Ekalesia Russian

I roto i te-Mongol mua wā ko te Ekalesia Russian te metropolis o te Constantinople Patriarchate, nana nei i whakarite ana tāone o nga Kariki. Heoi, i roto i te 1051 tuatahi ka te torona Russian Metropolitan Hilarion - te haapiiraa teitei ahua karakia.

Ko te hītori o te Siu Ekalesia Russian whakaatu e timata te hanga o hahi nehenehe i roto i Russia i te rau tau X, me i te rautau XI hanga kua te ōhanga Monastic tuatahi.

Ko te ohu tuatahi (Crypt), i whakaturia e St. Antoniy Pechersky, kawea mai i roto i te 1051 ki Russia Athos moke. riro te reira i te pokapū o Ofotokisií i Russia. I muri, kihai i nga monasteries pokapū wairua anake engari pokapū ano o te ahurea me te mātauranga e nga nga meatanga o mua, whakamaoritia tupu pukapuka minita iconography.

Paheko mau

Miharo: "ROC - he aha", kia tuhia te reira e i roto i te wā o te wehewehenga feudal o XII rau, noho anake te Ekalesia Siu te kaimau matua o te whakaaro o te kotahitanga o te iwi Russian, nei ātete te ngau tonu hoki o te rangatira.

I roto i te rau tau XIII ki Russia whakaekea nga mano tini Tatar-Mongol, heoi kihai ratou i taea e whatiia te Ekalesia Russian. Morare, i te pae varua, a fakamatelie, wāhi ia ki te hanga o te kotahitanga tōrangapū Russian.

I roto i te rau tau XIV, ka anga ki te whakakotahi a tawhio noa Moscow rangatiratanga Russian. ka nui hierarchs Russian te kaiāwhina wairua o nga rangatira Moscow.

hoa nui

riro Metropolitan Alexy te kaiakopono o St. Prince Dmitry Donskoy. Saint Hona, Metropolitan o Moscow i āwhina te Prince o Moscow i tiaki i te kotahitanga o te pūnaha kāwanatanga me te whakamutunga o nga pakanga feudal.

Siu Saint Sergiy Radonezhsky manaakitia ki Kulikov whawhai Dmitri Donskoy, ko tenei feat te timatanga o te whakaoranga o te whenua Russian i te Mongols.

No tokomaha miharo e hiahia i roto i te kaupapa o "ROC - he aha te mea te reira?" Na konei i roto i te wahi tuatahi kia tuhia te reira e tauturu i te Ekalesia Siu ki tiaki i te ahurea me te mahara motu o te iwi Russian. Hei tauira, i roto i te hanga XIII rau i tīmata Pochaev pakiki, pera te kupu tenei Siu me whenua Russian te uru.

I waenganui XIV me ki runga ki te waenganui o te rautau XV i roto i Russia i whakatakotoria ai ki 180 monasteries. He hui nui ko te taketake o Tokotoru-Herekiu Monastery i 1334 i te Reverend Saint Herekiu o Radonezh. Kua tēnei ohu kua tono ki tona taranata whakamiharo Reverend Andrei Rublev.

Aftokefaliya. mau patereareha Siu Russian

Neke atu i te wa, ka anga te kāwanatanga Russian ki te riro te kaha, me te kia whakakahoretia atu o nga hoariri, a ka ka ake kaha me te ake kaha Siu Ekalesia i roto i Russia tenei. Ki te māramatanga o te mea te Siu Ekalesia Russian, mai te māramatanga o tona tūranga nui i roto i te aamu o te kāwanatanga.

I mua i te hinga o te Byzantine Empire i roto i 1448, riro te Ekalesia Russian tona motuhake i te'o Constantinople. Tukua Kaunihera o episekopo Russian, Metropolitan Hona ka Metropolitan o Moscow me Russia katoa.

Na inaianei, i roto i 1589 , e Hopa - Metropolitan o Moscow - riro te patereareha tuatahi o Russia.

I roto i te rau tau XVII i roto i Russia i huakina e te whakaeke Polish-Swedish. Ko te hahi Russian konei a kihai i hoatu e ake. i taparahi konohi Great Patereareha Ergemon i whakaeke, engari ko ia te rangatira wairua o te nuu faehau o Minin me Pozharsky.

I roto i nga meatanga o kāwanatanga Russian ka whakaahuatia te ātete hautoa o te Tokotoru-Herekiu pakiki, nga amo, me Swedes i roto i 1608-1610 gg.

Next patereareha, Nikon, rave i roto i whakahounga, hua i roto i te afa i roto i te Siu Ekalesia Russian i hanga e. Kua tonu ēnei hanganga i roto i te rau tau XVIII e Pita I. I te 1700, i muri i te matenga o Patereareha Adrian, te Primate hou o te Ekalesia kore pōtitia, rite whakapumautia e te Pule Tapu Hinota, e whakahaere nga rangatira kāwanatanga i roto i te 1721. roa ia e pā ana ki e rua rau nga tau, me te kua i tuukino ki te ROC.

faaho'iraa mai o te patriarchate

I te 1917, i huaina e ia katoa-Russian Ekalesia Kaunihera, i reira whakahokia te Patriarchate i. Patereareha o Moscow me Russia katoa ko te Metropolitan Moskovskiy Tihon.

Otiia whakaaro nga mua te ROC ratou hoa tauwhainga wä, na ko reira ki te kia tino whakangaromia.

Mai i 1922 ki te 1924, ko Patereareha Tikhon raro hopu. A, no te i hanga e te reira Russian Siu Ekalesia ki waho. I muri i tona matenga, te pakanga, a te mutunga arahina ki te Siu Ekalesia Russian, Metropolitan Herekiu (Stargorodsky).

I roto i te Soviet Union mō te karakia i mahue anake he maha iti o hahi. Ko te nuinga o nga minita i koperea i roto i te puni ranei.

Na roto i te wa o te Pakanga II o te Ao i tata rawa whakangaromia te hanganga hahi katoa, engari i akina atu he whawhai kino Stalin ki huihui ki te tautoko ROC morare. Tohunga me episekopo tukua i i whare herehere.

Ko te tumutumu ko te tukanga, ka pōtitia te patereareha i roto i 1943 i te Kaunihera o te mau episekopo - Metropolitan Herekiu (Stargorodsky), me i 1945 i te Kaunihera Local - Metropolitan Alexy.

I roto i te wa o Khrushchev i katia maha hahi, te whakatoi katoa o te hahi mutu i roto i te wā Brezhnev, engari kei te tino whakahaere reira e te mana. Ko te he wā rawa pakeke, i te ROC. He aha te mea te ora, me te whakatoi, mohio ia, aue, e kore i rongo, te ara pakeke.

Moscow Patriarchate

I roto i te 1988, kua riro te whakanui o te Mileniuma o Russia, me he hui rohe mo te Ekalesia me te āhua. faaho'iraa mai Whakaritea o hahi. Next ko nga tupuna ki Alexy ahau, Pimen ko Alexy II. I teie mahana, te hou Siu ahu e Patereareha o Moscow me katoa Russia Kirill Ekalesia. I roto i to tatou wa uaua o reira ki runga ki tona pokohiwi takoto he pikaunga taimaha - ki te rapu ara o te houhanga rongo nga iwi Slavic katoa. I muri i te katoa, ka hanga ai te ROC.

Pihopatanga Modern o te Siu Ekalesia Russian, whakaturia i roto i te 1325, kua a tawhio noa 1506 mau hiero. Na roto i te pāriha, me monasteries o te pīhopatanga nona 268 fare pureraa. Kei te wehea hanganga Pihopatanga ki 48 deanery, tahuri nei te runga me te ohu whakapono. hanumi Deanery i roto i 1153 me te taenga o 24 monasteries. I tua atu, i te pīhopatanga he taenga 3 edinovercheskie o e he i roto i te ngohengohe oti ki te Metropolitan. Ko te episekopo te faatere o te Moscow Pihopatanga o te Siu Ekalesia Russian - Metropolitan Krutitsy me Kolomna Huwena.