Russian Foreign Intelligence: whakaahuatanga, hanganga me te hītori

Russian Foreign Intelligence tenei ra Russian Foreign Intelligence Ratonga aroaro. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga ope matua e whakarite te haumaru o tangata Russian me te whenua kia rite ki te katoa ki tuma i ētahi atu whenua, whakahaere me ngā tāngata takitahi. ingoa haapotohia o te whakahaere - te Ratonga Foreign Intelligence o Russia.

Office Whakaahuatanga

mahi Ratonga he ki te rapu hoki, ka pūrongo ki te peresideni o te Russian Federation, whakarato mōhiohio tika, me te oti i runga i te hōia, tūranga kaupapa here ke ōhanga, me te tahi atu me waiaro. I runga i te pūtake o te whakatau raraunga katoa e hanga ki te whakarite i te haumaru o tangata, me te whenua.

Kei te tukatuka te raraunga riro, korerotia te mōhiohio kei te hāngai ki te peresideni o te Russian Federation, i te mea i raro ki hānga me te Russian Ratonga Foreign Intelligence. He te tika ki te whakarite me te tango i te kaiwhakahaere ratonga e he kawenga mo te tanoraa o te mōhiohio whakaratohia, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki to ratou tika ki te peresideni.

Ko te ture matua whakahaere te mahi o nga ratonga ngaro, i whāngai i roto i te 1996. I muri i te whakatamarikitanga o te ture "I te maramarama ke" i te wā ki te wā i te reira ki te hanga i ngā huringa me whakatikatika. Ka taea te whakaaro taketake ratonga rā i roto i Russia rite te mutunga o 1920.

History o maramarama ke

I teie mahana, e kore e taea ki te ingoa i te rā tangohia o te ahua o ngā mahi maramarama i roto i Russia. Te tūhura whakarerekē, whakaingoa, engari kua tonu reira. Ko te hītori o Russian Foreign Intelligence Ratonga (i roto i nui atu iti iho ranei tona ahua reira) ahu e pā ana ki 1918.

Ko reira Na, i muri i te wikitoria i roto i te Oketopa Revolution, ka mea e tika ana i te taumata e tika ana ki te tiaki i nga ngākau nuitanga o te kaupapa here ke te whenua o. Hoki te reira te faatereraa o te tikanga faufaa o te whenua i te whai wāhi ki te whai mōhiohio tonu, me te pono e pā ana ki te āhuatanga i roto i te ao, me te toenga o te ope (hoariri me hoa).

Ko reira mārama e kore e kore whiriwhiringa e tukua taua raraunga ki te kitea i roto i, na i hoatu te mahi: ki te waihanga i tētahi kōwae o te maramarama ke i raro i te tiamana o te Cheka F. E. Dzerzhinskogo. Head o te wehenga ka Yakov Davydov. Ko te whäinga tuatahi o te matenga ko te whanaketanga o te mahere mahi o te State me te kaupapa o te Division. I muri, ketia te ingoa me te wae hanganga rave rahi mau taime, engari tonu te mahi taketake katoa o ngā pokapū maramarama.

Whiringa 1991 ko te wāhi tīmata hoki te Intelligence Agency rite te tinana motuhake. I muri ngā tukanga tūhura putanga i te hanganga KGB, whakaingoatia, ka faanaho hanganga. I te mutunga o te hotoke i roto i 1991 ta o te peresideni o te whakahaere motuhake RSFSR i hanga e - te Ratonga Foreign Intelligence. E kore te te wae tawhito i raro ki tetahi huringa nui, motu ke i te huringa ingoa.

I maoro, i whakaingoatia te mahi ano, ka mohiotia maramarama rite te SVR Russia. Ka rite ki te kaiwhakahaere o ngā ratonga motuhake haere mai Yevgeny Primakov, ko wai i mua he tūranga rite i roto i te Soviet Union. Kua Primakov kua tēra ki te whakawhanake i te ahua o te wiki, me āhua pūnaha o te whakahaere hou. I roto i te tīmatanga o 1992, ka mea te peresideni Russian nga tūranga kaimahi, whakaritea kaiwhakahaere tuarua o ratonga motuhake.

I roto i te meka nga tūranga katoa puritia TKT USSR tika oho ki te hanganga hou. ka Ihupuku anake Rūtene Tianara Ivan Gorelovsky, i tangohia e mo nga mahi o te wāhi whakahaere, me te ōhanga.

Hoki te wa katoa i whakakapia te whakahaere neke atu i te 20 pene, me te maha ingoa. I roto i te 1991, ka haere mai te pou Yevgeny Primakov, i roto i te '96 i whakakapi ia e V. I. Trubnikov, i 2000, whakaritea te matenga o te Russian Foreign Intelligence Ratonga Kaiwhakahaere Sergei Lebedev SVR. I roto i te 2007, tae te pou o Kaiwhakahaere Mikhail Fradkov. I te Oketopa 5, e 2016 pou Sergei Naryshkin.

ture

faaterehia Russian Foreign Intelligence Service e rave rahi ture me whakatikatika taua. puta i muri i te parariraa o te USSR i te raumati o 1992 te te ture taketake tuatahi, me te pera tawhiti "I te maramarama ke". I teie mahana i reira he tuhinga hou o 1996, rite whakatikaina i roto i 2000, 2003, 2004 me te 2007.

I tua atu, whakaritea te mahi ratonga e te ture me menemana ki a ratou: "I Paruru", "I runga i te Tūnga o fa'ehau", "I Secrets State", "I ngā mahi operative-tirotiro" me etahi ētahi atu. arahina hoki e te ratonga maramarama me mahi i roto i runga i te Ture.

Tūmahi me whakaurunga ratonga

taumahinga Basic e rave te Russian Foreign Intelligence tenei ra ko:

1. Te hanga i tētahi taiao e ka tautoko i te whakatinanatanga angitu o te mahere tōrangapū o te Russian Federation.
2. Tautoko me te hanga i ngā āhuatanga pai mō te ōhanga, hōia, pūtaiao, me te tahi atu mahere Russian.
3. Rapu, hanganga me te tukatuka o ngā mōhiohio i runga i ngā take e pā ana ki te haumaru motu, ona mahere whanaketanga, whakaaro o ētahi atu whenua, me ngā pūtahi takitahi i roto i te pā ana ki te Russian Federation.
4. Tautoko mō te whakatutukitanga o mehua i runga i te haumaru te whenua o.
5. Pūrongo ki te peresideni o te whenua ki te kōrero tika te nuinga e pā ana ki te tūranga me whāinga o whenua i roto i te pā ana ki Russia. horoa ana tēnei pūrongo i te kaiwhakahaere fakatāutaha Russian Foreign Intelligence Ratonga tona tuarua ranei.
6. Whakakore i te riri o te terrorism me mehua ki te haukoti i.

whakahaere General faaohipa i te Peresideni, me te pūrongo whakahaere katoa ki te Kaiwhakahaere o te Foreign Intelligence.

ratonga mana

homai te ture te mahi ite o te tika:

• whakapumautia hoapā ki takitahi ki te whiwhi i te mōhiohio e tika ana, tae atu whakarōpūtia;
• whakarōpū raraunga me ngā kaimahi;
• ki te whakamahi i tetahi tikanga e kore e e kawea kino ki te ora te tangata, me te hauora, te ingoa o te whenua, me te āhuatanga taiao.

mahi Whakahaere me te kounga o te hanganga whakarato ratonga motuhake.

Ko te hanganga o nga ratonga maramarama

Ki te rā, komokomo te Russian Foreign Intelligence ngā ratonga me ngā tari e mahi rite te whakautu, te maramarama, me te mōhiohio huihuinga tere. Āhua mohiotia whānuitia ki te hanganga o te kōwae mahi pokapū anake. Ko te toenga o te wehenga, tae atu e tango whenua rohe, me te tahi atu wahi, engari tino ngaro. whakahaere ratonga motuhake faahoho'ahia poari kaiwhakahaere, substituents, me ngā tari me ngā ratonga, whakarato i te mahi āhuatanga katoa.

korerotia Head o te Foreign Intelligence Ratonga o Russia ki te peresideni o te whenua, a ka whakahaere ngā wae ratonga katoa. SVR College - tetahi atu hono nui i roto i te ratonga i te haumarutanga. Kei te haere College ki te whakaoti i te raruraru taketake, me te whakawhanake i ngā mahere mō ngā mahi maramarama, e arotahi ana ki te āhuatanga o nāianei. Collection ngā kaiwhakahaere tuarua katoa me nga upoko o ia o nga wae o nga ratonga motuhake.

Hoki kōrero ki te hanganga ratonga tūmatanui hanga e tona tari - te Bureau o te SB me te pāpāho.

pokanga rongonui

History he rota o ngā mahi kanapa o to tatou tutei. He pono e kore e whānui kaupapa katoa faahiti i roto i te pāpāho, no te he ngaro te mahi. Ko aua ngā mahi, i whānui i whakapuakina, he kaupapa tino hua:

1. "Whakakotahitia-2" - te mahi o te 20-doma. ki te haere atu i ki waho, he hoariri kaha o te USSR B. Sannikov.
2. Ko te mahi o deciphering nga karere ngaro o te Japanese Foreign Tāhuhu i 1923.
3. "Operation Tarantella" 1930-1934 gg., Nei i kawea atu i roto i te tikanga ki te aroturuki i te mahi o te maramarama o Ingarangi ki te Soviet Union.
4. Hoahoa me te hanga o te whakangungu rakau karihi te whenua o.

Ngā mihi ki te ngā mahi angitu o te nuinga o te kaimahi i te tohu iti i te kāwanatanga.

mōhiohio atu

I teie mahana, i reira te mea he pōhēhē e nga hanganga e rua nui e whakarite te haumaru o tangata, me te whenua - te Ratonga Haumarutanga Federal me te Ratonga Foreign Intelligence o Russia - rawa mārama faaite te ratou mau ohipa. E ai ki te nuinga, te RAF anake mahi ki ngā mōhiohio waho, engari he āwangawanga anake ki ā-te FSB.

I roto i te vairaa mau, he moka katoa he. whakahaere i te motu, me te ki waho ratonga rua. e kore te mea e wahi me pehea ratonga mahi te rerekētanga i waenganui i a ratou. FSB tiaki te whenua i te whakaeke kaiwhakatuma me torotoro, me te SVR ki te kore katoa,, ko ia hoki te wahi tino he whakahaere tirohia.

Ki te rā, whakaaro te SVR Russia te tetahi o te pai ratonga maramarama i roto i te ao. Rich i roto i te hītori, ngā tohunga kōwhiringa tino, me te maha ngā mahi pai oti whakaū tenei meka.