Taumata arataukai - he āhuatanga o te mekameka kai

Te tai'oraa i te hanganga aahuatanga o ngā rauwiringa kaiao, kua kite kaipūtaiao e kua kapi ake katoa o nga rauropi i roto i a ratou i roto i te mekameka kai. A taea te takina hoki nui enei mekameka i roto i ia o enei rauwiringa kaiao. E ai ki a ia i te taonga i te mea te puna o te pūngao, me te nekehanga rauemi hanga i tetahi rauropi ki tetahi. Ko kai tetahi kaiao ki tetahi, a reira i roto i te tahuri pau te toru. Tenei ko te tauira ohie o te mekameka taua: tarutaru - kau - tangata.

Na katoa o enei mekameka e uaua taratahi i ia atu - he tahoê i roto i te kotahi tukutuku kai katoa ratou. Whanaungatanga i roto i tenei whatunga ko tino matatini. Hei tauira, e kai herbivores otaota o te maha momo. A konihi kore ano rawa picky i roto i te ma'itiraa i kai ki to ratou kai. Ko, ahakoa te meka e he maha enei whare pungawerewere e kai, me e rawa kanorau katoa ratou - e taea e ratou pai ki te kaupapa kotahi. A rite tenei titiro tenei kaupapa: otaota matomato - te kiritaki tuatahi - kiritaki tuarua - consuments tuatoru - propagator. Na propagator Ko tonu i te mutunga o te mekameka kai me o kiritaki reira kia kia maha ngā. e karangatia enei wae katoa ngā taumata arataukai.

Ko, i te wāhi pūtaiao o te tirohanga, te taumata arataukai - ko te huinga katoa o te kaiao e noho i roto i te tukutuku kai tetahi wahi etahi. A i roto i te rauwiringa kaiao noa e taea te tatau kaua e nui ake 3-4 o enei taumata. Ko te taumata arataukai tuatahi - ko pono tenei te whakato. Mai timata ratou katoa te mekameka kai. nohoia te taumata arataukai tuarua e phytophagous, e he wätea. consuments te reira i tikanga tuatahi, me te kai otaota anake.

nohoia te taumata arataukai te toru e kiritaki o te tikanga 2. He konihi e kai herbivores anake ratou. I tua atu, i reira kia kia euryphages, e he omnivorous. rite taea te powered ratou whakatokia, me te kai kararehe. Ēnei ngā poaka, pokiha, kiore, papata, me te rite. Ko te euryphages ere ano te tangata. i taea ano hoki tenei taumata hei consuments me tuatoru kia - he konihi e whangai anake kaikiko.

Na kei te nuinga o te wā noho te taumata arataukai whakamutunga e kaiwhakapopo, ie kaiao heterotrophic. whakangaromia ratou, mineralizing me destructuring ururua rauwiringa kaiao. I muri ratou "mahi" whiwhi pūhui kohuke ohie. E wehea ana te kaiwhakapopo i roto i te tahuri ki ngā akomanga e rua. Tenei detritus - kararehe e e tika whangai ki ngā toenga organic me kaiao mate. Ēnei ngā whatura, whatura, mohoao, wuruhi, noke, me te tahi atu "hamuhamu".

tirohia hoki ki nga kaiwhakapopo me destructors. Ko ratou kua mate decomposed "organic" i runga i pūhui pararopi. Mämä noa iho, tautoko ratou nga tukanga o te whāwehe me putrefaction. Ēnei ngā huakita me te harore. Na enei katoa mekameka arataukai e whakaritea kia e ngā, kiritaki me kaiwhakapopo roto ratou taunekeneke tata. mau tonu ratou te tapatahi, me te hanganga o te biocenosis, te faaau e te rauemi, me te pūngao kapewhiti. whai wāhi ana tēnei ki te tikanga o te taiao.

Kauwhata taea te māngai he hanganga pūnaha kaiao arataukai rite te pūngao tara rere. Ko tōna whenua he kaihanga ranei te taumata arataukai 1. Ko ngā taumata muri katoa ko nga patunga me te tihi o te tara. A, i roto i ia o enei taumata ko te rere o te pūngao. Ko te pūngao e haere ana i tetahi taumata, pūngao ko tāuru mo te muri. Na te take matua mō te nui iti taua o ngā taumata arataukai i roto i ia hauropi ko e ngaro he wahi nui o te pūngao i roto i taua whakawhitinga te. He he he ture 10%, me te rite ki reira ko te nui anake o te pūngao whai hua te whakawhitia ki te taumata muri. A 10% - ko te ahua mōrahi. I roto i te tahi mau rauwiringa kaiao, he rite ki te ōrau kotahi noa taua pai.