Te hoê aamu poto o Karate i te ao, me te Russia

Karate - e kore ko reira noa te toi o te whawhai, he mea he āhua, te reira te rapunga whakaaro katoa e tauturu i te tangata ki te kite i te hononga o te katoa e te i roto i te ao, e tauturu ki te whakatutuki i au i te natura, kitea ai i roto ia ratou, a i roto i o ratou whanaunga ki ētahi atu iwi.

I roto i te Hapani, mea ratou e karate - ko te ara o te pai rawa mō te iwi kaha, me te haere i roto i te reira wā puta noa i tona ora. Ēnei wairua maia katoa ra e aki ana i te rohe, e whai ake nei i te aronga whiriwhiri, e whakakaha ana me te tempering tinana me te wairua, hope te iteraa i te kaha hou.

Ko te hītori o te putanga o toi hōia

Ko te kōrero tuatahi e pā ana ki te hītori o te rā karate hoki ki 1761 tau. E pā ana tēnei rā ki Cecina Nagamine i tona pukapuka, e tika ana "Tumu o te Okinawan Karate-meatia." Na ka te reira i te toi hōia mohiotia ki katoa rite "Tode", i iritihia i te tikanga Japanese "pouaka Hainamana".

Kei raro e kitea e koe i te hītori poto o te karate - pērā i ona iho ka ora taua.

I roto i nga wa onamata noho he toa Hainamana, ko Kusanku nei kotahi faaite tona pūkenga nui, me te kaha i roto i te mekemeke Hainamana, ka ahuareka ana kaimätakitaki tona minamina ana, me te tikanga motuhake o te hopu. Ko tenei he rohe mo te hītori o te karate i roto i te hui Okinawa puta - te motu nui rawa, kei nei i roto i te tinomoutere o Ryukyu i Tapone. Ko te wāhi o te motu i tika i te pūtahitanga o ngā ara hokohoko, a ko reira e pā ana ki te tawhiti taua i Korea, Japan, Taiwan me China. Ko tonu enei āhua katoa i whawhai ki ia atu mō te kainga o te Ryukyu tinomoutere, na ko nga tangata o te motu he toa, maha i roto i te maha whakatupuranga. I roto i te rau tau XV i roto i tenei rohe i reira ko te kanga ki runga ki te amo o patu, na ki te hoia i roto i Okinawa i kotahi whakatupuranga whakapai ake i ō rātou pūkenga whawhai i waho ia.

I te mutunga o te rau tau XVIII, rite te hītori o karate, whakatuwheratia Sokugavoy ariki i roto i te pa o Shuri Te kura tuatahi i roto i nga akomanga i whakaahua ke ai. Matsamura Shokun te i roto i Okinawa Supreme tautäwhi toi hōia, whakaritea hoki he kura ki te ingoa "Shorin-Ryu Karate" (Shorin - ngahere taitamariki), i te wā e ako tino me shugyo mātauranga morare. He āhuatanga motuhake o te kura i nekehanga tinihanga me te nekeneke i ahuareka ai. i mohiotia Matsamury akonga ki te motu katoa, me te waho Asato Anko, e, i roto i te tahuri, ka he kaitohutohu Funakoshi Gichin.

Na inaianei whakaaro Funakoshi Gichin me te te kaiwhakarewa o karate. Ia, o te akoranga, e kore whakaaro ia tenei puka o toi hōia, engari kua ngā tenei tangata, tātarihia, ka whakarārangitia ngā tikanga o te ringa Hainamana ki te whawhai ringa, a hanga he ahua hou o Karate-Jujutsu whawhai, i iritihia i te tikanga Japanese "te toi o te ringa Hainamana".

Funakoshi mo te wa tuatahi whakakitea te jujitsu karate ao i te wa, ka tū i roto i Tokyo Arts Festival i 1921. tau e papaki ana i te tatini rite te ahua hou hanga o te pakanga riro kua rongonui nui i roto i Tapone, i arahina ki te kitea o ngā kura rerekē rave rahi.

Karate: hītori o te ingoa

I roto i te tau 1931, he Congress o te "whānau nui o Okinawan Karate", i roto i nei i whakaritea e te reira e ia kāhua, i puta i te wa, kua he tika ki te hei. Ano i te Congress faaoti matou ki te hoatu ingoa tetahi mo tenei momo o toi hōia, no te mea i reira i tetahi whawhai ki Haina i te wa. Hieroglyph "kara", tuku ki rite "Haina", fetongi te hieroglyph, i tai'o rite te pai, engari auraa te kau. whakakapi hoki "jutsu" - "toi" ki "i mua i" - ". te ara" tahuri te reira i roto i te ingoa te whakamahia e ki tenei ra. Tangi te reira rite whakamaoritia "karate" ko rite "te ara o te ringa kau".

History o te horapa me te whanaketanga o te karate i roto i te ao

I roto i te 1945, ka ngaro Siapani te whawhai, rāhuitia nga mana US mahi i runga i te motu katoa o toi hōia Japanese. Ko whakaaro karate i te taka porepore Hainamana, me te karo i te kanga. Kua whai wāhi tēnei ki te a tawhio hou o te whanaketanga o te toi hōia, i arahina ki te hanganga i te tau 1948 o te Japanese Karate Association, ahu e Funakoshi. I roto i te 1953, mo te whakangungu o ngā waeine o te Army US i roto i te Hau Amui no Marite whiriwhiri e karangatia ki te rangatira tino rongonui.

I muri i te Games Olympic i Tokyo i 1964 karate riro rongonui nui katoa i runga i te ao. Tenei, i roto i te tahuri, arahina ki te hanga o te Ao Union o Karate-do Organizations.

karate Te Tumu

I te tīmatanga, kia rite ki te hītori o te karate, hanga tenei ahua o toi hōia rite te toi hōia, ka tikanga anake mo korero-whaiaro, kahore patu. Karate Whāinga - ki te āwhina me te tiaki, engari ki te Maimi, me te kore e kino ia.

āhuatanga motuhake o te karate

Rerekē atu toi hōia, i reira he whakapā Whakamōkitotia i waenganui i nga whawhai. A i roto i te tikanga ki te hinga i te hoariri, te whakamahi i kaha, me te tika whiu rite nga ringa me waewae i runga i nga ngā faufaa o te tinana tangata. He maha ngā āhuatanga motuhake o tenei momo o te toi hōia e he rite kainga whata iti me poraka pakeke, me te i roto i te whakawhitinga tonu ki te counter i te taua wa patu tika, me te kaha. Ko te kupu reira uira puta i runga i te ara poto ki te kukū nui o te pūngao i te mata o te pānga, e kiia nei ko kime.

Mai karate - matua korero, te mahi katoa i konei tīmata ki te korero. Otiia i muri reira, a ka ko tenei kia te uho o te karate uira whakautu nohopuku ki te whakaeke.

Tefito'i Mo'oni mo te whakamahi o ngā tūāhua

Hoki te whakamahi tika o ngā tikanga rerekē i roto i te karate whakarato i te maha o te mau parau tumu. I roto ia ratou: kime, tuku ki runga ake; kāinga noho raumati - te whiriwhiri paetahi o te tūranga; hara - te hononga o te kaha uaua ki te pūngao ā-; dzesin - wairua unbreakable. mohio a tenei katoa e auroa mahi ōkawa "Kata" mahi me i roto i ngā kēmu "Kumite". I waenganui kata me te kumite i roto i ngā momo rerekē me ngā kura e taea e te pauna, a taea hoatu hiahia ki rānei mahi whawhai ranei.

Kāhua o te karate

I tčnei wā, mohiotia e rave rahi rau momo rerekē i roto i te ao nei. I roto i te karate timata pūtake wahia i te wa o tona tïmatanga. He rota o te iwi rerekē wāhi i roto i tenei toi hōia, me te tangata katoa e kua tae te taumata tiketike, hanga ana e ia te tahi mea o ratou ake. Heoi, kia tuhia te reira e tetahi kāhua, i ora ake ki te hakari, tetahi ara ranei tetahi i roto i te whakapā ki tetahi o nga wāhi e whai ake nei:

1. Kempo - toi hōia Chinese-Okinawan.

2. dzyuttsu Karate - te putanga Japanese o te whawhai i roto i te wairua o Motobu.

3. Karate-meatia - Japanese putanga taumauri me te kaupapa i roto i te wairua o Funakoshi.

4. Sport Karate - rānei whakapā āhua-whakapā ranei.

He maha ngā momo e hiahia ana ki te kia tuhia.

1. Ko tētahi o ratou - Shotokan (Shotokan). Ko tōna kaiwhakarewa - Gichin Funakoshi, engari te takoha nui ki te whanaketanga o te kāhua whakaurua e tana tama Giko. nekehanga rerekē hihiri me te hihiri, me te he tu pūmau.
2. History o Kyokushin Karate haamata i roto i te tau 1956. Ko te kaiwhakarewa Ko te Korean-whanau Masutatsu Oyama (ako ia i raro i Gichin Funakoshi). whakamāoritanga te ingoa rite "kāhua rawa pono." E whakaatu ana History o Karate Kyokushin e te mea matua i konei - te tōtika whawhai, engari e kore e whakaora me te whanaketanga o te huru morare.
3. Wado-Ryu, ranei "au maite o te ara." I Hironori Otsuki, tetahi o nga akonga matua o Funakoshi. Ka whakamahia e tēnei kāhua haurangi mauiui mo te ringa, te tikanga o te tupato nifó, taia. Ko te aronga i konei i runga i ngā nekehanga nekeneke. Hāngai ana i te mākutu.
4. Shito-Ryu. Kaiwhakatū o te kāhua - Kenwa Mabuni. momo ako rerekē i roto i te maha te nuinga o te kata (e pā ana ki e rima tekau).
5. Goju-Ryu (translation - "pakeke-ngohengohe"). Kaiwhakatū kāhua Gichin Miyagi. Movement Attack mārō, tū i roto i te rārangi tika, me te tiaki o te kaupapa ngawari, kawea atu i roto i te porohita. Te nuinga o nga momo katoa he tawhiti i whakataetae hākinakina-hāngai i roto i tona puka parakore.

Karate i Russia

haamata History o te whanaketanga karate i Russia ki te ahua o karapu runaruna me ngā wāhanga. Ratou kaiwhakatū i te iwi nei i nui waimarie ki te haere ki waho, ka haere ki reira ako tenei toi hōia. Waihoki mahi rongonui tenei ahua o toi hōia , me te māhorahora o ratou tohatoha i arahina ki te meka i roto i Noema 1978 i roto i te USSR, i hanga he kōmihana motuhake mo te whanaketanga o Karate. E ai ki nga hua o tona mahi i roto i te Hakihea 1978, i hanga e te Soviet Karate Federation. Mai te ture o te whakangungu e tonu me mahinga i takahia tenei ahua o toi hōia, i hanga tua ki te Code Kirimina i "te kawenga mo te karate whakangungu ture." Mai i 1984 ki te 1989, ko te toi hōia i roto i te Soviet Union i raro i te kanga, i whakapumautia e te tau kia 404, tukuna e te Komiti Sports. Ko wāhanga, tenei momo o hōia whakangungu toi, tonu ki te tīariari raro. I te 1989, Hakihea 18, State Komiti o te USSR haere he tau taumira 9/3, i mohio te tau kia 404 i rite muhu. I tēnei wā i roto i Russia reira he he maha nui o Fédérations me momo, e mātātoa nei mahi tahi ki te whakahaere karate ao.

Ko te rapunga whakaaro o te karate

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te rapunga whakaaro karate, kia tuhia te reira e te hāngai ai ki runga ki te parau tumu o te Nonviolence. Ko te oati e karapu karate hoatu ākonga i mua i te whakangungu, kei te takoto ratou kahore ki te tono i te pūkenga, me te mōhiotanga ki te whara o te iwi, a kahore te whakamahi ia ratou mo te taonga whaiaro.