Te parau tumu o te kïnakitanga: te mauri o te ariā me te ture taketake o iranga

Kïnakitanga - tenei taonga, ko te rua ngā hanganga hāngai ki ia atu i roto i te ara motuhake.

kitea e kïnakitanga parau tumu tono i roto i ngā ao o te mahi a te tangata. Na, ko te ngako o te kïnakitanga i roto i te tukanga akoranga ki nga āhuatanga tangohia o te hanganga me te whanaketanga o ngā ākonga i roto i nga tikanga o te kaupapa o te hanganga kura. I roto i te rohe o te auahatanga kaitito o te whai pānga ai ki te torokī me i roto i te matū parau tumu kaha ko te āu hanganga mokowā o rāpoi rerekē e rua, e kia puta i waenganui i te hononga hauwai me te pāhekoheko intermolecular.

te parau tumu o te kïnakitanga i koiora mo te tautukunga o ngā rāpoi ngota Biopolymer me ratou rerekē whatiwhatinga. Ka āta whakarite te reira i te hanganga o te hononga tino i waenganui ratou (hei tauira, hydrophobic hiko ranei taunekeneke i waenganui i te rōpū mahi i ako).

whatiwhatinga te kupu tautoko me biopolymers here kore kotuari here matū me te reta mokowā ki tahi i te tahi ki te hanga i ngā hononga ngoikore nei ngātahi i te pūngao nui, e ai te hanganga o te complexes makona pūmau o ngā rāpoi ngota. I roto i tenei take, te mahi catalytic o matū he ti'aturi i runga i to ratou kïnakitanga ki te tauhohe catalytic takawaenga.

Me mea e ahau e reira he hoki he ariā o te reta hanganga o nga pūhui e rua. Hei tauira, ka te pāhekoheko intermolecular o parau tumu pūmua kïnakitanga - he taea o te huarahi ligand ia atu i te tawhiti tata e whakarato ana i te hononga kaha i waenganui ia ratou.

Ko te parau tumu o te kïnakitanga i te parae o ira āwangawanga tukuruatanga (tuaruatia ai) o DNA. Ia mekameka o te hanganga e taea te mahi rite te tātauira whakamahia e te i te kōtuitui o ngā whenu tautoko e taea te atamira whakamutunga ki te whiwhi tauira o te taketake waikawa deoxyribonucleic. I te wa ano i reira he he mārama reta i waenganui i nga turanga nitrogenous, te wahi herea adenine ki thymine, me guanine - ki cytosine anake.

Oligo me polynucleotides turanga nitrogenous hanga he complexes hāngai rua - T-A (A-U i roto i tuipūmua) ranei D-C mā te tauhohe i rua ngā whenu o waikawa karihi. Tenei parau tumu o te kïnakitanga whai wāhi matua i roto i te whakarite i te tukanga taketake o te rokiroki, me te whakawhiti o te mōhiohio ā-ira. Ko te kupu, rearua o te DNA i roto i te wehenga pūtau, te DNA i roto i te tukanga patohanga RNA e tango te wahi ka te ariā pūmua me tukanga hanga (whakaiti) o kino DNA i muri i te taea, kahore tautukunga ki tenei parau tumu.

A, no te tetahi kōtītiti i roto i te reta tino këtia i waenganui i ngā wāhanga nui o te rāpoi rerekē i roto i te tinana he māuiuitanga hauora te i whakakitea mate ira. Ka taea te tuku ratou ki uri kia hotokore ki te ora ranei.

- I tua atu, e hāngai ana te tātaritanga nui te i runga i te parau tumu o komplementaranosti PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Ki te pūhohe ira motuhake kitea DNA RNA o ngā tukumate hopuhopu mate viral ranei ranei i te tangata, e āwhina whakahau maimoatanga rite lesion etiology.