Thyristors - he aha te mea tenei? Ko te parau tumu o te mahi, me ngā āhuatanga o thyristors

Thyristors - he mana whakakā hiko whakahaeretia e incompletely. E mea pinepine, pukapuka hangarau, ka taea e kite koe i tetahi atu ingoa o tenei pūrere --whakaaro kotahi thyristor. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, i raro i te mana o te tohu mana, kua whakawhitia te reira ki te kotahi kāwanatanga - whakahaere. Ki te motuhake ake, ngā reira he mekameka. I tahuri ai atu, he mea e tika ana ki te hanga i ngā āhuatanga motuhake e whakarato maturuturu nāianei tika i roto i te ara iahiko ki te kore.

āhuatanga thyristors

mau taviri Thyristor whakahaere hiko anake i roto i te ahunga whakamua, me taea e tu i te reira tika e kore e anake i roto i te tūranga kati, engari te ngaohiko whakamuri. Ko te hanganga o te thyristor wha-apa, i reira e toru nga whakatau:

1. Te pitoake (denoted e te pukapuka A).
2. Ko te pitoiho (reta C K ranei).
3. Te kawehiko kuwaha (U G ranei).

I roto i te thyristors i te whānau katoa o ngā āhuatanga o nāianei-ngaohiko, taea te whakamahi ratou ki te whakawa i te āhua o te huānga. Thyristors - he mau taviri hiko rawa kaha, e taea e ki te kawe i roto i takatakanga whakawhiti, kia tae te ngaohiko 5,000 volts me te amperage ratou - 5000 amperes (kore ko te auau nui atu i 1000 Hz).

thyristors mahi i roto i DC

whakahohe thyristor noa e hoko i te pini o nāianei ki te kāpeka mana. Ano, kia waiho ai pai (ki te faatura ki te pitoiho). Ko te roanga o te kawenga tūao āhua ti'aturi (inductive, kaha), te kaha tīwera, me te tere o te ara o te pini o nāianei i roto i te ara iahiko mana, te pāmahana o te karaihe Semiconductor me te ngaohiko tono me taiawhio nāianei thyristors e wātea ana. Ko tika ti'aturi i runga i te ahua o te huānga Semiconductor āhuatanga iahiko.

I roto i taua ara iahiko, ai te thyristor ko, käore auau takanga tiketike o te ngaohiko ara. Ara, he uara taua i ai te huānga whakawhitinga noa (tae noa ki te kahore tohu i roto i te ara iahiko mana). Otiia i te wa ano i roto i te tohu mana me kia pinakitanga tiketike rawa.

ara atu

E rua ngā momo o te whakawhiti thyristors he:

1. Natural.
2. Whakaū.

Na inaianei i roto i atu taipitopito e pā ana ki ia. whakatika Natural ka mahi te thyristor i roto i te ara iahiko AC. A e tenei Tuhinga ka taka te nāianei ki te kore. Ko ki te kawe i taea te whakawhitinga takoha kia he rota o huarahi rerekē. He aha thyristor mana ki te tīpako i te kaiwhakawhanake ki te whakaoti i te ara iahiko, engari kia kōrero e pā ana ki ia momo motuhake.

Ko te ara tino angamaheni ko ki te hono i te pūnga Tuhinga takoha i i whakatupato i roto i mua na roto i te te whakamahi i te pātene (kī). ngā LC-iahiko i roto i te ara iahiko mana thyristor. Kei tēnei mekameka te pūnga tino whakatupato. rerekē rangitahi puta i roto i te ara iahiko kawenga o nāianei.

Tuhinga Methods takoha

He maha ngā momo o te Tuhinga takoha. whakamahia pinepine iahiko, e whakamahi ana i te pūnga whakawhitinga he wehenga tawhiti whakamuri. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakawhiti i te pūnga ki te mania i te tikanga o te thyristor pŭpŭ tauturu. ka meinga tenei i te rere ki te tuatahi (mahi) thyristor. Ka hua tenei i roto i taua i te nāianei pūnga whakahaua ki te thyristor matua o nāianei tika, ka whakaiti te nāianei i roto i te ara iahiko ki raro ki te kore. Nō reira, i reira ka kia atu thyristor. Tenei tupu hoki te take e he ona ake ngā āhuatanga e te hunga ahurei ki a ia te pūrere thyristor.

He hoki kaupapa i roto i nei LC-hono mekameka. E tukua ana ratou (a ki te rerekētanga). I te timatanga o te rere o nāianei e rerengia ana ki te kaimahi, me o ratou uara i muri kē te faatanoraa te atu thyristor. I muri i mekameka o nāianei oscillatory rere i roto i te thyristor i roto i te ngōhiko Semiconductor. Ko te kupu, kia rite ki te roa rite rerenga nāianei ki te thyristor tono te he ngaohiko. modulo reira rite ki te maturuturunga iho ngaohiko puta noa i te ngōhiko.

thyristors mahi i roto i te ara iahiko AC

Ki te whakaurua te thyristor i roto i te ara iahiko AC, e taea te kawea i roto i taua ngā mahi:

1. Whakahohe mono taiawhio hiko ki hohe-parenga kawenga parenga ranei ranei.
2. Huria toharite me rms nāianei e haere i roto i te pikaunga, me te kaha ki te whakahaere i te tohu mana supply.

I roto i te mau taviri thyristor, i reira he kotahi āhuatanga - whakahaere ratou nāianei i roto i te ahunga kotahi anake. Nā tēnei, ki te i roto i te ara iahiko e tika ana ki te whakamahi i tauutuutu nāianei, e tika ana ki te tono hononga counter-whakarara. Ka taea e ngā uara o nāianei nāianei, me te toharite rerekē tika ki te meka e te wa o te tohu i runga i te thyristors rerekē. I roto i tenei take, me te whakatau i te mana thyristor te whakaritenga iti.

Ko te tikanga mana wāhanga

A, no te te wāhanga mana momo tikanga ki takoha whakatikatikanga whakawhitinga kawenga puta i te huri i te koki i waenganui i te wāhanga. Ka taea te mahi whakawhitinga Artificial i te tikanga o iahiko motuhake, atu me te whakamahi koe i te tino whakahaere (hōpane) thyristors ranei. I to ratou pūtake, te tikanga hanga rihi pūrere thyristor, e taea ai e koe te whakatika i te kaha o te nāianei , i runga i te taumata o te tiaki pūhiko rānei.

mana Pulse whanui modulated

Kei te karanga a hoki reira PWM puoro. I roto i te whakatuwheratanga o te tohu mana i tukua ki nga thyristors. He tuwhera whakawhitinga, a ka kua te ngaohiko kawenga. I roto i te kati (i roto i te tukanga whakawhitinga katoa) te whangai te tohu mana, i konei e kore e thyristors whakahaere o nāianei. I roto i te whakatinana i te mana wāhanga kore he sinusoidal ānau o nāianei, he tauiraa i roto i te puka ngaohiko tohu. Nā tēnei, i reira te whakapōrearea ano kiritaki e e tairongo ki raruraru auau teitei (puta incompatibility). hoahoa Simple he regulator thyristor, e tukua kahore raruraru ki te huri i te uara e hiahiatia ana. A ehara i te mea e tika ana ki te tono nui Latro.

thyristors hōpane

Thyristors - Ko te whakakā hiko rawa kaha whakamahia mō te whakawhiti ngaohiko tiketike me ngā tenei. Ko to ratou i reira tetahi koha nui - mana oti. A, ki te āta, te āhua reira e ki te tahuri atu te thyristor he tika ki te hanga i ngā āhuatanga i raro i nei e kia heke te nāianei tika ki te kore.

Ko tenei āhuatanga haamau etahi here i runga i te whakamahi o thyristors, a fakafaingata'a'ia'i te ara iahiko e hāngai ana ki runga ki a ratou. Ki te maka o taua drawbacks, kua whakawhanakehia te hoahoa motuhake o te thyristors, e kua kiia tohu i runga i tetahi kawehiko mana kua. E huaina ratou dvuhoperatsionnymi, ranei kiia, thyristors.

Ko te hoahoa o te thyristor tahuri-atu

He ona ake āhuatanga hanganga wha-apa o te p-n-p-n i te thyristor. hoatu ratou rerekē ratou i thyristors tikanga. Reira i teie nei haere ki te huānga tonu o te mana. Ko te nāianei-ngaohiko āhuatanga (pateko) mo te aronga whakamua, ko te rite i o nga thyristors noa. Here e taea tika he thyristor nāianei tika tuku tawhiti atu i te uara. Ko ārai tiketike mahi ngaohiko whakamuri i roto i thyristors kiia kore te whakaratohia. Na reira, me hono te reira i roto i anti-whakarara ki te ngōhiko Semiconductor.

He āhuatanga āhuatanga o te kuwaha thyristor tahuri-atu - he maturuturunga iho nui i roto i ngaohiko mua. I roto i te tikanga ki te momotu, kia waiho te take huaputa ki te mana o te pini o nāianei kaha (tōraro, i roto i te ōwehenga o te 1: 5 ki te uara o nāianei hāngai). Engari kia anake hei te whanui he pini rite iti rite taea - 10 ... 100 ms. thyristors hōpane i te uara rohe raro o te ngaohiko me te nāianei atu i mua. Ko te rerekētanga, ko te pā ana ki 25-30%.

momo o thyristors

I runga i whakaaro hōpane, engari i reira e tonu maha ngā momo o thyristors Semiconductor, e he utu te whakahua ano. I roto i te waihanga tino rerekē (peihana, whakakā, tauwehe mana) whakamahi etahi momo o thyristors. Wahi e hiahiatia ana ki te whakahaere i whakamana e hoko i te rere marama, ka, whakamahia optotiristors. Ko tōna āhuatanga Ko e whakamahia te karaihe Semiconductor e i roto i te ara iahiko mana, i te mea tairongo ki te marama. He rerekē tawhā thyristors, katoa o nga āhuatanga e he ahurei ki a ratou. Na reira ko te reira e tika ana i te iti rawa i roto i te whakaaro whānui o te mea momo o Semiconductors, i reira e me te wahi e taea te whakamahi e ratou. Na, i konei te te rārangi katoa me nga āhuatanga matua o ia momo:

1. Ngōhiko-thyristor. Ōrite ki tenei huānga - hono te thyristor e i roto i te ngōhiko Semiconductor anti-whakarara.
2. ngōhiko Shockley (ngōhiko thyristor). Ka taea e ia te haere ki roto ki te āhua o te kawenga tonu, ki te nui ake ratou i te tetahi taumata ngaohiko.
3. Triac (sym thyristor). Ōrite - rua thyristors ngā i roto i te anti-whakarara.
4. Thyristor inverter rerekē tere whakawhitinga teitei nohopuku (5 ... 50 ms).
5. Thyristors whakahaere FET. Ka taea e maha e kitea e koe i te hanga e hāngai ana i runga i transistors Mos.
6. thyristors optical, e whakahaere te rere o te marama.

Ko te whakatinanatanga o te huānga haumaru

Thyristors - He whakaaro e te hunga tino ki te auau o te ara o mua ngaohiko nāianei, me te whakamua. Hoki ratou, pera hoki nga te p Semiconductor, āhuatanga e te āhuatanga o te rere o te nāianei ora whakamuri, i te mea rawa nohopuku, me te koi taka ki te kore, tāpiri ki tenei te tūponotanga o te ngaru. Tenei overvoltage Ko e tika ana ki te meka e tere mutu te nāianei i roto i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te mania, i whai hiko (ara ultra āhuatanga hiko iti o te whakaminenga - nga waea, kāri ara). Hei whakatinana i te tiaki e tika ana ki te whakamahi i ngā kaupapa ki te tukua te tiaki aratau hihiri ki ngaohiko tiketike me ngā.

Tikanga, te parenga ia inductive o te puna ngaohiko, ngā nei i roto i te mahi thyristor taiawhio, kua he uara pērā i te mea neke atu i te nui ki te whakarite kia kore atu ngā etahi atu hiko iahiko reira. Hoki tenei take, i roto i te mahi e whakamahia ana pinepine mekameka hanganga whakawhiti ara e tino whakaiti i te auau me te taumata o te ngaru i roto i te ara iahiko, ka tahuri te thyristor te atu. Capacitive-parenga mekameka tino maha whakamahia hoki enei take. ngā ratou he thyristor i roto i whakarara. He he torutoru rawa momo o akatuke'anga taiawhio o taua iahiko, me te tikanga mo to ratou tātaitanga, tawhā hoki mahi o thyristors i ngā aratau me tikanga. Ko te huarahi mekameka hanganga whakawhiti tahuri-atu thyristor ko te rite i o nga transistors.