Tomokanga - e ... āna. Eaha te auraa ki werowero

Ko te tikanga o "tomokanga" He etahi āhuatanga i runga i te mata o te tirohanga i i whakaaro te wā kei te rānei. kia mea te reira e taea te whakaaro te ariā ake he kokonga mō te mahara ki te miro katoa. Eaha te auraa ki werowero? Me whiwhi tēnei pātai he whakahoki rawa āmiki me te taipitopito. Kia titiro tatou te ariā i roto i te taipitopito ake ka kitea i roto i te mea kei i te wā "tomokanga" mea whakawhitiwhiti.

He hi'oraa ture

I raro i tenei huarahi, āna - he ki te mahi tahi me ngā kāwanatanga i roto i te ara motuhake. Ka taea e te tukanga tango i te wahi tangata, rōpū, rōpū, takitahi, hinonga, whakahaere. I roto i te tahuri, faaaravihi ratou i roto i ngā mahi āna. Ano i roto i te tukanga kia whai wāhi atu kaupapa o whanaunga ture. Ko te whāinga matua o tenei mahi tahi, ko te ki te whakaawe i te whakatamarikitanga o te whakatau takitahi e tika ana, ara whakahaere, e pā ana, tōrangapū, me ētahi atu ture. Ka taea te kawea āna i roto i runga i te kaupapa haere tonu.

Ko te huarahi pütahitanga

Mai i tenei tirohanga, te ariā, ko tetahi o nga mahi o te pūnaha tōrangapū. E whakarato ana i te hono ki te whakaawe i te kaupapa o te pūnaha mea. I roto i tenei take, te tomokanga - he reira ki te mau tonu i te pauna i roto i te hapori. I roto i te anga o te huarahi pūnahanaha-mahi, whakaaro te tikanga kei te rite te ahua motuhake o te mahi, e kīnaki te tukanga pōti.

Ētahi atu wāhi o te tirohanga

Hei wāhanga o te huarahi mauhaa ko te ariā o te maha o ngā huarahi me ngā kōwhiringa ki whakaawe i te hanga o faaotiraa faufaa āhua. Mai i te tirohanga o te pā ana kōrero whakawhirinaki tomokanga mo te tangata mohio i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaora rauemi (hinengaro, ngā mōhiohio, whakapā). Ko te huarahi ngā ko te whakamāramatanga o tetahi o nga wae waro o te pūnaha uiui, me te te ahunga whakamua me te tukanga-whakatau kaupapa ture kāwanatanga. Ki te wāhi pluralistic o tirohanga, kia mohio ki te wā he momo ngā o te mahi. E whai wāhi i roto i ngā taunekeneke lobbyists katoa e tetahi o nga rōpū i roto i te whanaketanga pūnaha me whakatamarikitanga o faaotiraa faufaa āhua. Hei wāhanga o te corporatist whakatata tohu hoki te ariā he tetahi momo o te mahi. whai wāhi te reira i anake te rōpū tino mana. I roto i tenei take, i te tomokanga - te reira mana i runga i te whanaketanga o ngā whakataunga kāwanatanga hāngai, te whakamahi i ngā rōpū ngā whakahuatia whai wāhitanga tūturu. Hei wāhanga o te huarahi hinengaro ko te ariā o te mana ki te whawhe o nga tangata farii ki te tetahi mana.

mahi āna

Mai i te wāhi ōkawa o te tirohanga tomokanga - he ki te whai wāhi i roto i nga mea katoa o te taunekeneke e roto i te huinga o ngā tikanga motuhake o te mana i runga i ngā whakataunga kaupapa e mana tūmatanui. Tenei mahi, rite tahi atu momo katoa, kei nga ngā tukanga, ngā mahi, ngā tikanga, me aratau motuhake. E āta hono ana āna ki te taputapu e whakamahia ana, taputapu me whakatangi.

mōhiohio taipitopito

E mohiotia whānuitia tikanga āna Classic. Ko ratou nga mea timatanga e whai ake nei:

1. Ngā ki kaupapa pōti.
2. Tauākī i roto i nga komiti e hāngai ana o te tinana kāwanatanga, me te whai wāhitanga i roto i ngā whakawātanga.
3. Tānga o te hua o te pōti pāremata i runga i te pire.
4. Organization o ngā mahi whakatairanga e pā ana ki te whakarite me te mahi whakatau kaupapa.
5. Fakamatala o ture hukihuki me ki kia ratou ki te kōrero hāngai.
6. ngaahi konifelenisi pūtaiao, i roto i nei māngai o te mana.
7. Whakaaturanga o ngā hua rangahau, i roto i ngā nga rangahau pāpori i roto i te mana, me te pāpāho.
8. Mahi tahi ki te pāpāho (tae atu tuku raraunga).
9. Organization o pōhiri ki me hui o āpiha a te kāwanatanga.
10. Utu o rangatira: autaki, me te tika.
11. Ko te whakamahi o te pānuitanga neke ki pire whakatairangatia ana.

enei āhuatanga katoa he wahi o te täoro o te lobbyist matua.

raraunga tūmataiti

E tino hiahia ana ki te faaite i to ratou tikanga ngaio Māngai o ngā mahi āna. Ko reira pea e ka hiahia te tangata ki te kitea i te rongo noho-poto i roto i te utu mo te ara tino whai hua ki te tiki atu moni. I tua atu, ko te nuinga o nga ariā o enei hangarau hē. E kore e te wae wä matua i tetahi pūtake pūtaiao. kaupapa e kiia ana e hāngai ana anake i runga i nga hau, me te tata kore tautoko e tatauranga tūturu.

Agents o mana, me ratou whakatinanatanga

Enei surrogates ô nga waea pūtau o ngā pokapū hāngai me te hanganga o nga kamupene whakataetae. hāngai āna kei i runga i te parau tumu e tetahi pūnaha (he rōpū o takitahi, ngā rōpū, tōrangapū whare, a na i runga i. D.) Me ki te tango i te mana ki te mana anō te whakangaromanga ranei i te whakauru ona māngai. hanga tenei reira taea ki te whakaawe i te whakatamarikitanga o ngā whakataunga. Ka taea e lobbyists e whakatika ona mahi ki te tangohia ture me whakaaro kaupapa whakahaere āhuatanga. No te faatupu i tenei mahi, me te tafe koutou i roto i te mana hi'opo'araa tūmatanui i roto i te mana. Ko te tino pai ki te whai i o ratou māngai i roto i te pūtahi e hāngai ana hoki te reira. Whānuitia mahi whakapanga o whakataetae āta whakaurunga hauarea. Ko te hunga e ko waho e tino whaihua. Ki tenei tikanga, ka taea e hanga e koe i te whakataetae ki te noho i te whānuitanga o ngā rauemi, me te whiwhi i te mana o ngaio kuare hohoro. kawea maimoa āpiha ki to ratou taha i roto i te tikanga o ngā whiriwhiringa e kore e anake, engari ano hoki i te whakaatu ngā nāianei i roto i te marama o ona ake painga. Fakatatau ki ai, ka taea te whakatauira ratou. Ko taea ki te waihanga āwenewene mōrearea rohe, nei matua mahi ko ki te pānga i runga i te tangata e hiahia ana i te otinga. Ki tenei hua ko reira taea ki te pana i te reira ki te whiriwhiri i te kōwhiringa tino pai mō ngā lobbyists. Me ki kia matapae i te whakataetae ngā Crisis. Hei tauira, he āhuatanga i roto i nei e akina atu nga mana ki te whakapiki ake i te rahi o te tāke i runga i te wahi o te rāngai ngā. kia Care kia tangohia ki enei āhuatanga kino ki te whakataetae kamupene. I roto i tenei āhuatanga, te ara pai ko te ki te whakamahi i te ahua o te payoff. Painga ki te whakatū i mahi tahi kaha ki te rōpū e hānga ana, me te rohe whānui. Enei wae faaaravihi i tiaki i te ngākau nuitanga o te mana tūmatanui, me te taea e tino whai hua. Ko pai hāngai hoki te whiriwhiri me te hopu o ngā rōpū ona hoa te parau tumu o te tara. takoto te reira i roto i te meka e te turanga nui o te hanganga, te teitei te matamata.

I roto i te mutunga

Tāwharau i whakahaere Me whai te māramatanga taipitopito o te mau paruparu whaiaro o ngā mema nui o ngā hanganga whakataetae, me te ratou āpiha. Otiia, e kore e taea e enei raraunga tākaro he wāhi matua i roto i te tukanga tonu. Ko te whakamahi o tenei mōhiohio e taea e tino whai hua i roto i ngā āhuatanga taratahi. I roto i tetahi take, whakaora te mōhiotanga nui wahi nui o nga rauemi. O te faufaa ngā ko te mahi ki te kamupene whakataetae. Ka tonu e taea ki te kitea ngā tūemi e taea e koe te whakamahi i ki te faaino i te rangatira lobbyists ngaio.