Vladimir Odoyevski: Mahi i momo, ratou Poetics

tuhinga Russian o te rau tau whakamutunga ki te tiaki i nga ingoa o maha kaitito pūmanawa me ngā kaituhi mō te huaai. Odoevskogo mahi - tetahi o ratou - he o moni i teie nei. Ana tales patupaiarehe, he pūrākau utopian "4338 te tau: St. Petersburg reta," ka kohinga "pō Russian" e lāulea ki i roto i te tuhinga.

periodization o auahatanga

wehea mahi o kaituhi te herenga ki wā e toru - i runga i te wāhi i reira mahi hanga Odoyevski rānei. Ko te tuatahi "Moscow" atamira tohua e tona whai wāhitanga i roto i te porohita "Lyubomudry" me ngā tauira o te pene. Kia i roto i 1826 oho Odoyevski ki St. Petersburg, ka anga ia he wā hou o tona mahi, rawa hua. Kua whakaputaina e te kaituhi e rave rahi kohikohinga o tales, ko wai e pai kia ki te pānui i ara nei, i muri tata 200 tau. tohua te tuarua "Moscow" atamira e te hanga o Odoyevsky "pō Russian" - ana mahi pai, a ka mahi i runga i te waiata.

"Fairytales Tatae"

Odoyevski maha e whakaritea o ratou mahi i roto i koropiko. Na, te hanga i te "Tales Motley", mahi te kaituhi i roto i te whakarara i runga i te kohinga o "rihiona,", whakatapua ki te kaupapa o te haurangi ngingila. Ko te huru ki te cyclization taea te faataa e te tahi mau tukanga noa tūturu tuhinga Russian o aua wa. Na, i roto i te tīmatanga o te 30 matahiti, i roto i te marama i haere atu "Belkin" me "Pö i runga i te Farm tata Dikanka", i ngā o te kahore atu atu i te huringa. Takotoranga runga Pushkin ai me te pūnaha kōrero matatini "tales patupaiarehe Motley." Odoevskogo waitara ki te hua (he omuaraa ranei) whakamōhio te ahua o te kaikörero - Irénée Modestovich Gomozeyko. Rerekē urutomo Ivan Petrovich Belkin, te kaikōrero i roto i "tales Motley" korerotia te āhuatanga ā-iwi. I muri, ka tamata ia ki runga ki te tūranga o te "rua tuhituhi", i runga i mo e kawe o nei te kaituhi he kōrero ki te rōpū te whiwhi - te kaipānui.

Kai "pa i roto i te snuffbox"

I roto i te hono mo'oní, ko te kaituhi he pionie i roto i te momo o te tuhituhi tales patupaiarehe, tikanga ki te kia pānui i roto i te wahi tuatahi o te tamaiti. I 1834, i reira ko pea te Odoevskogo mahi tino rongonui - "pa i roto i te snuffbox". Ko ohie te wahi: E whakaatu ana Papa te tamaiti Misha pouaka waiata, he snuffbox. hiahia Tama ki mohio pehea te mahi i reira, patua ana e ia (ia, i te ara, ko reira taea, ka te i'ao te tangata he maihao tamaiti-pouaka). tutaki Michael ki te noho o te pa - hama me pere - ka oho ki te matau i te parau tumu o te mahi o nga gizmos riro. Ki te katoa o ona ake maitai toi hei korero huinga angitu ngā o pathos mātauranga me te pakiwaitara. Ko te whakaaro matua o te mahi - ki te riria te kaipānui e hiahia te tamaiti ki te ako ki te whakaaro, ki te tātari, he mea e tika ana ki te whakaako i te tamaiti o tona hiahia mo te matauranga.

"Pō Russian"

Tūmomo whakaputaina i roto i te 1844, "pō Russian" Ko te tino uaua ki te tāutu i. E mea pinepine teie mahi Odoevskogo tautuhia rite te kohinga o ngā tuhinga e mau ana i te pūāhua taumauri. E tino kitea e ratou tona whakaaro o te faahuru-o te ao, te ara i roto i nei kua ki te haere Russia. Me kï reira e i mua i te whakaputanga o "pō Russian" na roto i te faahohonuraa Odoevskogo nga mea ngaro o te pūtaiao tangohia - pāngarau, whaiaroaro, me te hinengaro me te rapunga whakaaro.

I te wa ano, tonu te kaituhi hinganga pono o te kupu. Ka rite ki Voltaire, e ia ngā whakaaro ki whakapakoko tuhi philosophicity huna te wahi ngā. mahi whare Heoi Odoyevski puta noa i te auaha. faaafaroraa i te wahi a tawhio noa te kohinga o te maha iwi taitamariki nei e haere ana ki te whai i te hoa tahi, ka karanga Faust. I reira a aparau i ratou i te hītori, e ngana ana ki te matau i te ture o te oraraa pāpori, me ki tomo nga mea ngaro o te ao. whakanuia ana te mahi e te intellectualism, e tae te mōrahi i te whakaahuatanga o te tukanga auaha. I roto i tenei take, e Odoyevsky whakarite i te mahi o te-reo meta: te toi o te kōrero e pā ana ki toi. Ko te kupu, Ko Koinei tata ki te wheako i muri o nga kaituhi o te rau tau rua tekau te kaituhi Russian o te hawhe tuatahi o te rau tau whakamutunga (te tikanga pūrākau matua hinengaro o Thomas Mann).

Dialogism "pō Russian" - e te aha titi Odoyevski. Ko te mahi e whakanohoia i roto i te kohinga, me te mea wehi ki te hoatu i te whakahoki ení ki ia amuihia i te i. Engari, he rite ki te tomo ki nounou te kaipānui, kohuki. Tenei "pō Russian" e tata ki nga mahi o era atu kaituhi - Herzen me Belinsky - rawa ohorere, me ahau mea, hoatu te rerekētanga i roto i to ratou takotoranga rerehua.

"4338 te tau" rite te pūrākau utopian

E rua rau tau ki muri i te unahiroa Biely mahi he rota o te haruru. I whakapono te reira e muri i te ia e fehangahangai reira ara ki te mata o te whenua. Odoevskogo kitea ētahi mahi tenei "i raro o te unahiroa," i roto ia ratou - te pūrākau utopian "4338 te tau: St. Petersburg reta," nei, kāore, i mahue oti. Ko te kaituhi faahoho'a te ao i roto i 2500 tau, ina e taea ai te whanaketanga o te taata nei ki te whakaora i te whenua i te ope Comet. Ko te hua kei roto i te āhuatanga prognostic o pakiwaitara me te pūrākau utopian; Waitohungia te kaituhi te ahua o hanga maha, tae atu i te Ipurangi heke mai. Heoi, e kore e tuhituhi hapori te rite te pai rite te mea te reira: e kore e te poipoi ake-te whakanui ake o ngā mōhiohio e manawapa nga rāhui roro tangata. tahuri Utopia ki te dystopia, i roto i te tikanga ki te whakauru i tenei momo i roto i tuhituhi i muri (rawa i roto i te "City kahore te ingoa").