Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich: haurongo, whakatutukitanga me meka ngā

Count Mihail Illarionovich Vorontsov - takawaenga Russian, pau ki te whakataetae tona ara Vorontsov. Ko ia tetahi o nga whakawhirinaki tata Pita III ko Elizabeth. I te 1741 ka e ia he mema o te tukipoto whare. mahi ia rite te Chancellor me Vice-Chancellor o te Russian Empire. I teie mahana, te tango tatou i te titiro i te tuakiri tino pērā i Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich. Haurongo, meka o te ora, ka āwhina i ngā tikanga o te mahi, me te aro mātai o to'utangata tatou i roto i tenei.

Childhood me te taiohitanga

whanau Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich i Hōngongoi 12, 1714 i roto i te utuafare o kaipupuri whenua iti, e puritia e rua rau peasants. I roto i te taiohitanga, riro ia he mātauranga pai i te kāinga, i awhinatia ia kua i ma wha ki te riro i te whārangi. E rua tau i muri mai, ka e ia nga kāmera Vorontsov-pazhem. A i roto i te 1735 i whakaritea e ia gentleman o te whare moenga i te marae o Elizabeth. hohoro ka Vorontsov tona hēkeretari. whakamatauria te whakarite whakamutunga ki Mihaila Illarionovicha hui nō.

whakawhirinaki

Puta noa i te mahi Vorontsov, koa ia ki tonu i te whakawhirinaki o Elizabeth. Ko ia ara mohio ki te he mo whaktauiratia Anna Leopoldovna. E rima nga ra i muri i tangohia e te angitu tukipoto d'Etat wahi, homai Mihaila Illarionovicha ki nga rangatira ruma tūturu, ka whakawhiwhia a ia i te ana'iraa o te whānui nui.

tupu Career

Mikhail Vorontsov mana i runga i te kaupapa here ke i whakatakotoria, na unuhia ana e ia i te whakarongo o ngā māngai o marae ke. whakawhiwhia Frederick II Vorontsov te Order o te Eagle Black, Aug. tuatoru - Order o te White Eagle, a i roto i 1744 i piki ia ki te rangatiratanga o te Kaute o te Hau emepera Roma. I pā ana ki te wa ano o taua te taitara, a Kutuzov i i te kāinga. I tua atu, i roto i te taua 1744 Kaute whakaritea Vorontsov i Vice-Chancellor, a riro te taitara o te runanga kāwanatanga. Heoi, ka rite ki kī e tokomaha o hono to'utangatá, i ia taranata tino.

I roto i te 1746, i raro i te take o "whakapai ake hauora" kauwhata i roto i rua tau ka haere ia ki te haere takoha ki whenua Pākehā: Germany, France, Italy, me te Netherlands. Hoki mai i te haerenga, piri ia te Tumuaki-Chancellor. I roto i 1751 Vorontsov "itoito e tika ana mo te painga o te fatherland" i whakawhiwhia te Order o St. Anaru, e i whakaaro te tohu Russian rawa. Kua whakahaere Vorontsov noa i te tau torutoru ki ngautuara i nga kanohi o Elizabeth tona kino hoariri, me te tāwhai - Count Bestuzhev-Ryumin, e mahi i roto i te pou o Chancellor. A, no te haere i te whakamutunga ki raro, pono moemoea atawhai Vorontsov - ka ia te tumuaki.

Ko te huringa o te mana

I roto i tona kingitanga poto o Pita III Vorontsov fana'o Mihail Illarionovich aroha noa emepaea motuhake. Otiia ki te taeraa mai ki te torona o Catherine II ko reira mīharo, ara te meka puritia e kua te kauwhata te tūranga o Chancellor i te iti rawa hoki te ia. Ko te meka e tino kinongia ana Catherine II Vorontsov. Ko te take to ratou lī'oa ki a Pita III.

Ka rite ki tumuaki i Erihapeti ko Pita III, tonu Vorontsov haumi ki Austria ki Turkey, mahi i runga i te pūtahitanga o Russia ko Frederick II, a ka mohiotia prussofilom. Hoki ko Mihail Illarionovich Vorontsov he wāhi i roto i te tukanga ki te faaoti i te pukapuka i runga i te hë o te haumi ārai i waenganui Russia me Sweden. I roto i te 1760, e kore waho te whai wāhitanga o Russia piri te pukapuka French-Austria, a ka hainatia Prussia he tiriti o te rangimarie mau tonu i roto i te rua tau.

I mua i te tango koe i te oati ki te Empress hou, ka ui te Chancellor ia e pā ana ki te pananga aroha o te tumuaki me te tuku o te wā katoa. i pai te mōhio e te hunga kahore e nei i oati ki te Empress, kihai i āhei hoki tetahi tari tūmatanui kingi ite. kihai Catherine II ki whakawāteatia Vorontsova o mahi, engari e kore e hoki te roa.

ratonga tonu

A, no te haere Catherine II ki te koroneihana i Moscow, haere tahi Vorontsov ia, me ētahi atu rangatira. Hoki mai ki St. Petersburg, ka anga ia ki te kaha whai wāhi i roto i ngā take Pākehā, a ka hiahia i roto i a Russia whanaunga ki te Te Tai Rāwhiti, otirā i roto i Turkey. Turkey kua roa ngā te aro o te Kaute. Hoki i roto i 1744, ka ako Vorontsov e nuitia patoi i te rangatira Ottoman te whakauru o diplomats Russian i Tauris, whakaakona ana e ia te noho Istanbul Neplyuev tetahi ara ki te whakatutuki mō ngā tika a Russia ki te kairauhī i Crimea, i roto i te meka ara France, kei nui tata i te kūrae, kua i te matau. Ko nga Turkey, kahore whakaaro rua, paopao tenei tono. E ai pouri Neplyuev, i te amuiraa Minita i roto i Istanbul i runga i ngā rerenga kōrero māmā, kihai i whiwhi.

āhuatanga Crimean

Ko te āhuatanga i runga i te kūrae kua roa meinga āwangawanga ki te marae St Petersburg. I roto i tetahi o nga memos tukuna ki Catherine II i te timatanga o tona kingitanga, fakamamafa'i te Chancellor e Turkey, i roto i era atu mea, ka taea e meinga kino ki Russia i muri i te khans Crimean. "Ko te tapatahi o te Ottoman Porte tei runga i ona mahi hōia me mahi e whakakaha tona tinana tōrangapū o te toenga roa mai te reira ki te rohirohi, e taea arahi ki te whakangaromanga katoa," - ka mea a Mikhail Vorontsov. tika e pā ana ki te Crimea me nga whakaaro o nga rangatira Turkish Grand Chancellor, engari matau ko tenei i muri i anake e rua tekau tau. Ko Earl te tuatahi nei i taea ki te taipitopito ki te whakatika i te hiahia mo te mharahara Russian o Crimea ki kingitanga.

Te maimoatanga tuarua

He tau i muri mai, i muri i te kingitanga o Catherine II Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich kitenga ia e timata te marae emepaea ki te hamani ia ki te tau'a tūmatanui. I roto i te āhuatanga nei, ua faaoti ia ki te mahi i te taua rite i roto i te 1746 - i te haerenga ki te rohirohi. August 4, riro 1763 te kaumatua te ture, i mea te tahi mea rite: "e te Chancellor Vorontsov tatou e hauora ngoikore i taea ki te mau i te mau ohipa o tona ana'iraa, ki te kore te tango painga o te huringa o te rangi, me te whakaora wai ia, a mo e ui tatou ki tonoa ia i te iti rawa e rua nga tau i roto i te whenua ke. " Ka rite ki te hua, hoatu Catherine II te poroporoaki tatau ki tona tari.

Ka rite ki te Tatau ki te waiho St. Petersburg, i roto i te College o Aorere haere mai tonu Count Panin - ite takawaenga, nei i whakahaua ki kia kotahi o nga hoa tino tata o te Empress. Oketopa 7, hainatia Catherine II he tikanga i runga i te whakarite ki te tūranga o Panin pervoprisutstvuyuschim College o Foreign Affairs. kī te ture e i roto i te hononga ki te "nebeztrudnymi" huru ite Empress reira pai i roto i te ngaro o te tiaki Chancellor Vorontsov Panin production College o Foreign Affairs.

Ki runga ki te ako o te whakarite o Panin, faaoti Earl ki te hoki tonu ki te whakapaipai Northern. Empress i roto i te whakautu ki tenei tuku i roto i Prince Golitsyn kia rite ki nei kua te Chancellor ki faahiti ratou take ki Mr. Panin. I roto i te meka, te auraa e ko te reira te wa ki te rīhainatanga o Chancellor. Hōngongoi 29, riro 1765 Mihail Illarionov Vorontsov rite utu o 50 mano moni.

Hua o ngā mahi

Mai kihai i Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich hoki ki hautoa. Ka rite ki muri tuhia Ekaterina Dashkova - kitea kauwhata irāmutu - i roto i te pane Russian, mahi mea katoa i te taha o te e finangalo o Catherine II me ngaungau Mr. Panin. Ko te tino taua kauwhata whakarāpopoto ona mahi rite Chancellor, ka mea e te i roto i te āhuatanga pūtea kino iho, ka kite ia i te rerekētanga i waenganui i te tika, chancellorship pipiri me te noho taonga i roto i te tūranga kotahi.

Na, i ruarua Empress e pā ana ki "e tau'a nei" me "pai" Vorontsov. Ahakoa te ngäkau kino whaiaro, i ohaoha ia ki a ia, ka hoatu e ia nga kainga me wheketere. Otiia flaunted tonu Vorontsov tona hiahia o te moni. ka ui ia ki nga moni kāwanatanga, nga moni mo te utu o nama, me te oaoa i te mau haamaitairaa katoa e tukua anake tona tari.

I roto i te tikanga ki te taupoki ana i te utu o te hanganga o whare, i mahi ia i roto i te mahi rawa meá, tae atu nounou i roto i te witi, me te haumi ke. I roto i te 1757, Vorontsov i te taha ki te Attorney-General Glebov me Count Shuvalov i pa haamaitairaa Vacation flaxseed i Arkhangelsk me Onega tauranga. Heoi, i roto i tenei kauwhata hinonga rahua. Nāwai i takoha ia ki te hoko i te taonga whare kia oti, kei runga i Sadovaya Street, a hoatu te kaiwhakarëti Fitingof Marienburg.

Mihail Illarionovich Vorontsov paanga i roto i te pūtaiao. Abroad, tuhituhi atu e ia he rota o pukapuka e kua mahi rite te timatanga o te whare pukapuka Vorontsov rongonui. I roto i te mau papai haaputuhia Earl, he maha mahi i inscriptions. Hei tauira, Count Bruhl - Saxon minita, e mahi ana i te marae o te Capital Northern, aroaro Mikhail Illarionovich tānga papai putanga o tona ake taiwhanga toi. I whakawhetai ora Vorontsov ki te maha o ngā tuhinga nui, a muri whakaurua i ana pukapuka rongonui, i whakaputaina nei i roto i te puka o ngā pukapuka Bartenev e wha tekau.

Ko tētahi o nga meka tino ngā i te haurongo o Vorontsov ko tona auhoaraa ki Mihailom Lomonosovym. Kua toutou te pūtaiao ui mo te kauwhata o te "faufaa o te inoi, me te tinihanga." Kutuzov, i roto i te tahuri, whakakitea te mahu'inga'ia mo'oni 'i roto i te pūtaiao rangahau pūtaiao, me te tautoko ia ia. I roto i te Maehe 1753, i roto i te pukapuka ki a Vorontsov, ka mea a Lomonosov e manatu te kauwhata rite he "tama pono a tona papa." I muri mai, i whakaturia tatau moni he tohu mapere i te urupa o te kaiputaiao.

domesticity

I roto i te 1722, ka moea e Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich Anna Karlovna Skavronskaya - whanaunga, ko Erihapeti. i wha tamariki, e kore e toru o nei i ora i te tau te rua. I kore kainga tane tika, engari te whakawhetai ki te teina i te Chancellor kihai i mutu ai te ahua kōrero. e rua teina, Roma ko Ivan a Kutuzov.

āhuatanga tuakiri

Ka rite ki te hau angitu, ko Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich i te tuhinga o mua, ko te aromatawai rawa whakahē. E ai ki a K. Waliszewski, me te mea kia tangi reira ihoa, ko ia "kino, engari i roto i te tikanga tonu te tangata tika." whakapono Manstein Tatauria taranata ite ore, me te rawakore. Empress Catherine II, kihai i amuamu o te kauwhata, faaite i roto i tona wāhitau kaua hua'tu. E ai ki a ia, i reira ko tetahi marae ke, i roto i nei kihai ia i pai ki te tu i runga i te pūtea moni.

Tūpato, me te pehi i Vorontsov i kore ki te noho. karere Foreign mō tau tatari ki a ia mo te whakautu kaha, engari te nuinga o roto noa. Ko ia akiaki katoa, engari e kore whakakitea ana whakaaro pono. E ai ki maha ngā ke, Vorontsov i te tākaro i te tūranga o te mata hipoki i te teina Shuvalov. Ia, he mātauranga me te ake ngawari atu i Shuvalovs tano oreore mo "utu eé i muri i".

tau tata nei

Mai Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich, ko tona haurongo ko te kaupapa o to tatou arotake, i tonoa atu i te mahi ā-iwi, noho ia i roto i Moscow. I roto i te taua February 15, ka mate a 1767 te Tatau. I tanumia ia i muri ki whanaunga i roto i te none i runga i Vozdvizhenka. I roto i te 1934, i wahia te ohu whakapono. ora te tamahine a Vorontsov ia e tau e rua anake. Mai i ia kahore tamariki, wehea Kaute kainga i waenganui o ona teina. haurongo konei ngā, me te rerekē pērā o te Chancellor rongonui i - Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich. Tatauria nga tau o te ora: 1714-1767.